What are the customs in Yangquan, Shanxi?

China traditional drama has a long history.

China ancient opera is a comprehensive art. It is a combination of music and dance, hundreds of operas, rap, acrobatics and folk fire. If it starts from the bud, it can be traced back to the primitive song and dance and witchcraft dance in ancient times. After the ancient refinement of Zhou and Qin Dynasties, the excellent performance of Han Dynasty, hundreds of operas, the song and dance dramas of Tang Dynasty, and joining the army, after the evolution of Song Zaju, Jin and Nan Opera, Yuan Zaju, a mature opera form integrating singing, reading, doing and playing, was finally formed in Yuan Dynasty. This brilliant and prosperous situation of creation and performance became the first golden age in the history of China opera.

China's ancient drama has always been closely related to the development of Shanxi civilization from germination to gradual maturity. "Song and Dance Drama" and "Joining the Army Drama" in the Tang Dynasty were popular in Pingyang in the southwest of the mountain. The burlesque, song and dance, acrobatics, puppet shows and shadow play in the Northern Song Dynasty were widely circulated among Shanxi people. At that time, Kong Sanchuan, a rap artist who knew how to read and write, appeared in Jincheng, Shanxi Province, and often performed in the tile house in the capital city of Bianliang, which made him famous for a while. The rap art of "Zhu Gong Tune" initiated by him became the direct source of Yuan Zaju.

There are two masterpieces of Zhu Gong. One is the Zhu Gong tune in Liu Zhiyuan, which tells the story of Shanxi people in Shanxi. Although I don't know who wrote it, Liu Zhiyuan is a dutiful person in Shanxi, so this work can't be wrong when he is in Shanxi. Another book, The West Chamber, was written by Dong Jieyuan, a native of Houma, Shanxi Province in Jin Dynasty. This is a love story about Cui Yingying and Zhang Sheng in Yongji Pujiu Temple. It has ups and downs, with 14 kinds of palace tunes, 190 sets of tunes, more than 50,000 words of writing and artistic skills, and created The West Chamber for Wang Shifu. The Romance of the West Chamber later became an enduring drama on the stage, and Dong Jieyuan's artistic creation undoubtedly played a foundation role. All these promoted the accelerated maturity of Yuan Zaju.