Basic knowledge of photographic composition for beginners

Basic knowledge of photographic composition for beginners

Photographic composition is particularly important for photography. Let me introduce the basic knowledge of photographic composition that beginners need to learn. Welcome to learn!

Basic knowledge of photographic composition for beginners

Composition should pay attention to echo and symmetry, which is the traditional aesthetic standard of China. Based on this, the composition of photographic works should also pay attention to the following aspects:

1, horizontal position, so that the taken image will not be skewed. You can use buildings, telephone poles and other objects parallel or vertical to the ground as reference objects, and try to keep the picture balanced when taking pictures.

2, good color balance, the picture should have a strong sense of hierarchy, to ensure that the main body can stand out from all backgrounds. Such as complementary colors, the so-called red flowers and green leaves are in line with this truth. With the same color balance, people wearing black clothes generally don't arrange to shoot on a dark background.

3. Foreground can balance the picture. Sometimes, when we find that the vacancy on the picture is unbalanced, such as when the sky in Wan Li is cloudless and monotonous, we put drooping branches and leaves on it to make up for the lack of the picture; Sometimes the bottom of the picture can't be pressed. When the top is heavy and the bottom is light, you can use rocks and railings as the foreground, and the dark color makes the picture feel depressed, achieving a stable and balanced effect. The foreground adopts the expression of virtual focus, which gives people a feeling of hazy beauty.

In real life, all stable objects have a balanced form: the four legs of the table are stable; Building a house with a small bottom and a big top gives people a feeling of instability; Carrying a heavy burden makes it inconvenient to walk; Obviously, people's posture in labor is to achieve physical balance to adapt to the characteristics of this kind of labor. Many life phenomena cultivate people's psychology of demanding balance and play a role in people's aesthetic process. Generally speaking, the picture should be balanced and stable, which makes people feel stable, harmonious and complete. Using people's psychological factors for balance, we can emphasize the expressive force of the picture from several aspects:

A, symmetrical composition, symmetry has always been emphasized by our nation, and it has always been a palace. The capitals are all symmetrically arranged. It emphasizes a solemn atmosphere, and a simple and solemn relationship is displayed in a "stable" symmetrical balance.

B, the virtual and the real echo the layout, just like Jiangnan gardens. In some lyrical landscape pictures that emphasize elegance, quietness and softness, it is required that there can be sparse and dense, virtual and real in the changing balance picture, but overall balance is required. In an idyllic scene, such as a cow in the lower left corner and a cloud in the sky in the upper right corner, it would be better.

How to grasp the photographic sensitivity of beginners?

Set sensitivity

ISO sensitivity is an indicator of light sensitivity. The higher the sensitivity, the more sensitive to light. Generally speaking, the higher the sensitivity, the better the effect when shooting moving objects or low light. However, at high sensitivity, there are more noise signals in the image, and the definition is also reduced. On the contrary, at low sensitivity, the image noise signal is reduced and the image quality is better, but it is not suitable for shooting moving objects or low light environment.

Many players often encounter the following situations: shooting in places where flash is forbidden, such as exhibition halls, we have to use flash, and the result is blurred photos. If the flash is used, the subject will reflect light and affect the picture. The same thing can happen indoors or in dark places.

An easy way to take good photos without using flash is to adjust ISO. Of course, if the ISO setting is improved, the graininess of photos will be more serious, which requires users to master flexibly according to the situation at that time. As we are familiar with traditional cameras, ISO sensitivity indicates the sensitivity of film to light, which is equivalent to100,200,400. The greater the sensitivity value, the more suitable it is to be used in dimly lit places, but it will lose the vividness and naturalness of colors.

By the way, when tone and image reproduction are strict, it is best to use low-sensitivity films with ISO sensitivities of 25 and 64. In order to meet the needs of various occasions, films with ISO sensitivity of 400 are often used, and even films with ISO sensitivity of 800 and 1600 suitable for taking pictures in the dark (disposable cameras) are used.

Although the digital camera does not use film, it is equipped with similar functions and can change its ISO sensitivity (some models cannot change the ISO sensitivity setting, please confirm it in the manual of the digital camera). In this way, when using, when you want to make the shooting effect better, set the ISO to 100, and set the ISO to 400 when the light is insufficient.

Here we want to prevent hand shaking in dark places, so we set ISO to 400. We can set ISO according to the following steps. First, bring up the menu screen and select ISO sensitivity. Then select the highest value of 400 from the ISO sensitivity. After the ISO sensitivity is doubled, the shutter speed can be doubled to make basically the same exposure (the lens aperture is unchanged).

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