Does the lighting system use knowledge of physical optics or geometric optics?

It depends on what kind of lighting, such as indoor lighting, street lighting, square lighting, etc. , but generally have the following principles.

Design principle 1. Functional Principle Lighting design must meet functional requirements. And ensure proper lighting and brightness. For example, the lighting design of the conference hall should adopt vertical lighting, and the brightness distribution should be uniform to prevent glare. Generally, comprehensive lighting lamps should be selected; In order to attract customers, store windows and merchandise displays generally use strong light to emphasize the image of goods, and its brightness is 35 times higher than that of general lighting. In order to strengthen the three-dimensional sense, texture and advertising effect of goods, directional lighting and colored lights are often used to improve the artistic appeal of goods. In order to decorate the indoor space, increase the spatial level and render the ambient atmosphere, it is very important to use decorative lights and decorative lights. Lighting has become an integral part in the environmental design of modern home buildings, film buildings, commercial buildings and entertainment buildings. Lamps and lanterns not only play a role in ensuring lighting, but also pay great attention to their shape, information, color, proportion and scale. Lamps and lanterns have become indispensable decorations in indoor space. By controlling the rhythm of light's brightness, fade, modulation and intensity, the designers of Shenyang lamps give full play to the role of light's brilliance and color, and create a warm, soft, quiet, elegant, romantic, brilliant, joyful, lively, mysterious and confused artistic atmosphere by various means such as transmission, reflection and refraction, which adds colorful interest to people's living environment. Lighting design is to meet the needs of people's visual physiology and aesthetic psychology, to maximize the practical value and appreciation value of indoor space, and to achieve the unity of use function and aesthetic function. Flashy lighting can not only add icing on the cake, but also gild the lily, causing power consumption, energy waste and economic losses, and even polluting the light environment, which is harmful to health. Due to the different requirements of use and resolution, the specifications of lighting brightness are also different. The illuminance and brightness specifications of various public buildings selected in Japanese industrial specifications are introduced as follows for reference only. See attached table) 4. The principle of safe lighting design requires absolute safety and reliability. Since the lighting comes from the power supply, strict safety measures such as electric shock prevention and circuit break prevention must be taken to prevent accidents.

The rising sun and the setting sun alternate, day and night cycle, and primitive people are born, developed and multiplied under the bath of light. The invention and use of fire brought mankind into a new stage of civilization. Fire is not only used for lighting, heating and barbecue food. At night, primitive people danced around the fire and held torches. Piles of flames reflect happy faces, and strings of dancing torches form the fire snake dragon, which is the prototype of the original light art composed of light in early human beings. With the invention of artificial light sources such as fire, candle, oil lamp, steam lamp and electric lamp, human beings have crossed one civilization stage after another and entered the high-tech era of lighting. Due to the rapid development of artificial lighting technology and the popularity of artificial light sources, people's nightlife has become more and more colorful. As a new visual art form, lighting art decorates people's living space more beautifully. Lighting art has been widely used in modern environmental art design, stage art design, interior decoration and other fields. 2) The artistic charm of light The role of lighting is extremely important to people's visual function, because without light, there is no sense of light and shade and color, and nothing can be seen. Lighting is not only a physiological need for people to see the shape, space and color of objects clearly, but also an indispensable material condition for beautifying the environment. Light can form space and change space; It can beautify the space and destroy it. Different lights can not only illuminate all kinds of spaces, but also create different artistic conception and atmosphere of spaces. In the same space, if we use different lighting methods, different positions, different angles, different lamp shapes and different lighting intensities and colors, we can get various visual space effects: for example, sometimes it is bright and spacious, sometimes it is dark and depressing; Sometimes warm and comfortable, sometimes fidgety; Sometimes it is festive and cheerful, and sometimes it is gloomy and horrible; Sometimes enthusiastic, sometimes indifferent; Sometimes romantic, sometimes mysterious and so on, the charm of light can be described as unpredictable. First, the artistic function of light? 1) The origin of light art Sunshine, moonlight, starlight and firelight accompanied the life of primitive people. ? Under the illumination, people and things will change the light-dark interface and shadow level, giving people a three-dimensional sense visually. If the spectral composition, luminous flux, light intensity, projection position and direction of the light source are changed, there will be various changes in hue, light and shade, shadow, virtual reality, outline interface and so on, which is an important means to use lighting art to render the artistic atmosphere of the environment and set off the character. Just like a portrait photography, if you take direct illumination from the top light, then the face gives people a cold, serious and gloomy feeling; If you take the inclined upper half side lighting, then the face is well defined, giving people the feeling of extroversion and shrewdness; If multi-source astigmatism lighting is adopted, it gives people an easy-going and pleasant feeling; If directed by direct light, it will give people a feeling of terror, cruelty and anger. Light sculpture is a new form of modern plastic arts. Some artists use transparent materials such as glass, ice cubes and transparent plastics to make various shapes and lamps. Light comes in from the inside or outside, and by giving full play to the physical characteristics such as transmission, refraction and reflection of the projected light, gorgeous three-dimensional art is formed. Others directly form colorful light patterns with small black light bulbs, light beads, neon lights, optical fibers and other lighting materials. The comprehensive art created by the combination of lighting and music is very popular in modern performance art and environmental art. For example, when modern rock stars play, they use the brightness, color and intensity of lighting to make the colors of the whole stage change rapidly, thus making fans intoxicated in a fast-paced dreamy surreal world. For another example, the combination of lighting and music is also used to render the artistic atmosphere of music fountains, open-air squares, dance halls, skating rinks and commercial buildings. Designers use computers to control the arrangement sequence of lights and music, so that the rhythm of music is synchronized with the intensity and swaying of lights, thus obtaining the comprehensive artistic effect of sound, light and color.