What are the main methods of spatial expression in film construction?

Author: Liu Qiang

Before picking up the camera, everyone will consider where the theme is placed in the picture, the arrangement of the foreground and background, the color tone, the height of the viewpoint, the conversion of aperture and speed. At this time, the theme forms a causal spatial relationship with the foreground and background. The successful space art of the work depends on the understanding of the theme language, the mastery of composition knowledge and the application of color composition, as well as the detailed analysis of the specific target people, object structure, state of affairs and environment. Space art in photographic composition is a comprehensive special body that expresses theme, composition and color application, emphasizing the artistry, rationality, integrity and outstanding commonness of its structure. As we know, photography is an art that transforms the theme from a three-dimensional structure of points, lines, planes and bodies into a two-dimensional structure through the camera principle, and then transforms the two-dimensional structure into a three-dimensional structure through the human eye. Space is an important perspective factor to transform a three-dimensional structure into a plane structure and then into a three-dimensional structure. The spatial elements in composition include theme size, quantity, up and down, left and right, texture, volume, theme and foreground, background focus, hue, color, point and surface, surface and body, body and body, etc. Without spatial elements, we can't express plane and reproduce three-dimensional, let alone form and expression. A good photographic work not only needs a clear theme, correct exposure, harmonious tone and reasonable composition, but also needs a clear and reasonable space art. Whether the space has an artistic structure depends on the photographer's own cultural quality, photography technology and artistic accomplishment.

The artistic expression of photographic composition space is diversified and can be summarized as follows:

First, the expression of the center of interest Any photographer will put the center of interest in the best viewpoint and the most eye-catching focal length, or put it in front, left or top. This conforms to the general law of people's perspective. When we look at things or objects, we are used to looking forward, backward, left, right, up and down. Only by determining the location of the center of theme interest can we better arrange composition and space art, and every factor in the picture serves the performance of the center of theme interest.

Second, it affects the expression of perspective. All kinds of cameras and lenses in the photographer's hands, the academic principles in composition, and the conversion of viewpoint, aperture and speed are all prepared to give readers a strong, eye-catching and interesting impact and better reproduce the theme. Fisheye and wide-angle lens not only make the theme center eye-catching, exaggerated and bizarre, but also impact people's perspective, and also make the composition have brand-new and shocking artistic characteristics. The framing and modeling of the frame emphasize its perfection and importance in expressing the center of interest, and also create rich artistic characteristics for the spatial composition in composition. The perfect combination of reasonable and rich colors and tones greatly attracts the viewer's perspective and senses, and also fully renders the theme of the work.

Third, the performance of light and shadow effects Photography uses light to paint. Photographers certainly know the wonderful use of light. Light can not only reproduce the theme idea well, but also create a magical atmosphere in the composition space. Light is one of the first choices for photography to form a composition space art.

Fourth, the expression of hue and color Harmony is the best way to express the theme, while the ladder or big white space and big black tone are wonderful forms of space art. Colorful colors make the theme more accurate and pleasing to the eye, and also add poetic and mysterious magic colors to the composition space.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) perspective expression Although the three-dimensional space structure is reproduced as a two-dimensional plane space structure diagram through the camera principle, it is a vivid three-dimensional structure diagram when viewed through the eyes. At this time, the theme, foreground and background space, light receiving surface, texture and physical structure phenomena are all principles of space science perspective. How to use it better? The principle of natural perspective, the reasonable harmony of tone and color, the balanced structure of point, line and plane, and the conversion of focal length and aperture are all closely related to the cultural and artistic quality of photographers.

Sixth, the expression of point and surface: point, theme center, point, viewpoint center, point, interest center, surface, the whole picture of a work. Keywords point and surface structure size, point and surface virtual reality,

The relationship between point tone and color is ever-changing due to different themes and the photographer's subjective consciousness. The expression techniques such as "green with red" and "finishing touch" are the perfect portrayal of the combination of various art schools.

Seven, the expression of points, lines and surfaces We know the principle that repeated points form lines, repeated lines form surfaces, and repeated surfaces form bodies. In the process of their formation, different objects, different viewpoints, different light, different colors and different shapes also form different spatial perspectives. The ingenious superposition and reproduction of the spatial perspective of the theme object and the spatial perspective of the foreground background is a combination of interest and taste in the art of composition space.

Eight, the performance of the body and the body in nature, in the composition of photographic works, we see the ever-changing front, subject, back, body landscape and picture, which is the wonderful and magical relationship between the body and the body. Being able to form the artistic expression of composition space with ever-changing shapes and bodies is the purpose and goal of artists' continuous exploration, innovation and pursuit.

Space exists in the vast universe, in nature, in ancient and modern times, at home and abroad, and anywhere the eyes can see it. Space art is also widely used in language and literature, painting and calligraphy, drama, music, philosophy, architecture, military, time and space and so on. Looking at Tianmen Mountain by Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Tianmen breaks the Chu River and Higashi Shimizu flows back here. The green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the sails are alone. " Mutu's "Mountain Walk" is "the stone path of the far cold mountain is oblique, and there are people in the depths of the white clouds. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February. " Poetry such as this embodies the artistic wisdom of ancient poets and thousands of years of historical verification. Like China's ink painting, his artistic style is implicit and artistic conception is good. He can be regarded as a model and mentor in the use of space art. Photography with a history of only a hundred years is a young art formed by drawing on the essence of various art schools. On the road of its own style, there are still many art categories worthy of reference, discussion, innovation and application by photographers and photographers.