How do I view the monitor type? What do super VGA, VGA and TGA mean respectively? What is the difference?

Bitmap image (bitmap):

Also known as a raster image or a drawn image, it consists of individual points called pixels (picture elements). These dots can be arranged and dyed into different patterns. When you enlarge the bitmap, you can see that countless independent squares make up the whole image. The effect of expanding bitmap size is to increase a single pixel, which makes lines and shapes appear uneven. However, if viewed from a distance, the colors and shapes of bitmap images look continuous. During the physical examination, the staff will give you a notebook. There are some images in this notebook. The images are all made up of points, which are actually similar to bitmap images. Because each pixel is dyed separately, by manipulating the selection area one pixel at a time, realistic effects similar to photos can be produced, such as deepening shadows and emphasizing colors. Reducing the bitmap size will also distort the original image, because it will make the whole image smaller by reducing pixels. Similarly, because bitmap images are created in the form of arranged pixel sets, local bitmaps cannot be manipulated (e.g., moved) independently.

When dealing with bitmaps, it is important to consider the resolution.

When processing bitmaps, the quality of the output image depends on the resolution set at the beginning of the processing. Resolution is a general term, which refers to the size of details and information contained in an image file, as well as the level of details that can be produced by input, output or display devices. When manipulating bitmaps, the resolution will affect the quality of the final output and the file size. Before dealing with bitmaps, you need to think twice, because the resolution chosen for the image is usually accompanied by the file in the whole process. Whether you print a bitmap file on a 300 dpi printer or a 2570dpi phototypesetting device, the file is always printed at the resolution set when the image is created, unless the resolution of the printer is lower than that of the image. If you want the final output to look the same as that displayed on the screen, you need to know the relationship between the resolution of the image and the resolution of different devices before you start working. Obviously, vector diagrams don't need to be considered so much.

RGB

A coding method of bitmap color, which uses the light intensity of red, green and blue to represent a color. This is the most common bitmap coding method, which can be directly used for screen display.

Four-color separation for printing

A coding method of bitmap colors, which uses cyan, magenta, yellow and black to represent a color. A commonly used bitmap coding method can be directly used for color printing.

Indexed color/Color Table

A common bitmap compression method. Select several most representative colors (generally no more than 256) from bitmap pictures to compile a color table, and then use the index of the color table to represent the original colors in the picture. In this way, the original image can be greatly lossy compressed. It is suitable for compressing graphics with less colors, such as web pages, but not for compressing graphics with rich colors, such as photos.

Alpha channel

On the basis of the original image coding method, the transparency information of pixels is increased. In graphics processing, RGB color information is usually called red channel, green channel and blue channel, and the corresponding transparency is called Alpha channel. Most bitmap formats that use color tables support Alpha channels.

color depth

Color depth is also called the number of color bits, that is, how many binary bits are used to represent the color of each point in the bitmap, which is an important indicator of resolution. Commonly used are 1 bit (monochrome), 2-bit (4 colors, CGA), 4-bit (16 colors, VGA), 8-bit (256 colors), 16-bit (enhanced color), 24-bit and 32-bit (true color). Bitmaps with a color depth greater than 16 bits can be further classified according to the number of bits representing RGB primary colors or CMYK primary colors (including Alpha channels in some cases). For example, bitmap pictures with 16 bits can also be divided into R5G6B5, R5G5B5X 1 (where 1 bit does not carry information) and R5G5B5A 1.

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vectogram

Generally speaking, the graphics displayed in a computer can be divided into two categories-vector graphics and bitmap. Vector diagram uses straight lines and curves to describe graphics. The elements of these graphs are points, lines, rectangles, polygons, circles and arcs. , are calculated by mathematical formulas. For example, the vector diagram of flowers is actually the outline of the outer frame formed by line segments. The color of the outer frame and the color surrounded by the outer frame determine the color displayed by the flowers. Because vector graphics can be calculated by formulas, the volume of vector graphics files is generally small. The biggest advantage of vector graphics is that it will not be distorted regardless of enlargement, reduction and rotation. Adobe's Freehand, Illustrator and Corel's CorelDRAW are outstanding among many vector graphics design software. The animation made by the famous Flash MX is also a vector graphic animation.

Vector images, also known as object-oriented images or drawing images, are mathematically defined as a series of points connected by lines. The graphic elements in a vector file are called objects. Each object is an independent entity with properties such as color, shape, outline, size and screen position. Because each object is an independent entity, it can move and change its properties many times without affecting other objects in the legend, while maintaining its original clarity and curvature. These characteristics make vector-based programs especially suitable for legend and three-dimensional modeling, because they usually require the ability to create and manipulate a single object. Vector-based drawing is independent of resolution. This means that they can be displayed on the output device at the highest resolution.

The biggest difference between vector diagram and bitmap is that it is not affected by resolution. Therefore, when printing, you can enlarge or reduce the graphics at will without affecting the clarity of the drawing.

Vector diagram: drawing a graph according to geometric characteristics. A vector can be a point or a line. Vector diagram can only be generated by software, and the file occupies less internal space, because this kind of image file contains independent and separated images, which can be recombined freely and unrestricted. Its characteristic is that the enlarged image will not be distorted, regardless of the resolution, the file occupies less space, and it is suitable for graphic design, text design, logo design, layout design and so on.

The advantages and disadvantages of vector diagram are summarized as follows:

Advantages: (1) small file; (2) Image element objects can be edited; (3) The enlargement or reduction of the image does not affect the resolution of the image; (4) The resolution of the image does not depend on the output device;

Disadvantages: (1) It is difficult to redraw the image; (2) The fidelity is low, and it takes a lot of skills to draw images with high naturalness.

Common vector diagram formats

*.bw is a black-and-white graphic file format containing various pixel information.

*.cdr (CorelDraw)

*.cdr is a graphic file format in CorelDraw. This is a graphic image file format that can be used in all CorelDraw applications.

*. Color mapping file

*.col is a palette file format created by Autodesk Animator, Autodesk Animator Pro and other programs, which stores RGB values of each item in the palette.

*. Drawing

*.dwg is a graphic file format used in AutoCAD.

*. Drawing exchange binary

*.dxb is a graphic file format created by AutoCAD.

*.dxf(Autodesk Graphic Interchange Format)

*.dxf is a graphic file format in AutoCAD. It stores graphics in ASCII, which is very accurate in representing the size of graphics, and can be called and edited by large-scale software such as CorelDraw and 3DS.

*.wmf(Windows metafile format)

*.wmf is a common metafile format in Microsoft Windows, which has the characteristics of short file and modeling mode. The whole graphics are often spliced by independent components, but their graphics are often rough and can only be edited in M icrosoft Office.

*. Enhanced metafile

*.emf is a Windows 32-bit extended metafile format developed by Microsoft. The overall design goal is to make up for the shortcomings of *. The wmf file format used in Microsoft windows 3.1(win16) makes metafiles easier to use.

*. encapsulated PostScript

*.eps is an ASCII graphic file format described in PostScript language. You can print high-quality graphic images on a PostScript graphic printer, which can represent 32-bit graphic images at most. The format can be divided into Pho toShop Eps format (Adobe Illustrator Eps) and standard EPS format, and the standard EPS format can be divided into graphic format and image format. It is worth noting that only EPS files in image format can be opened in PhotoShop. *.ep s format consists of two parts: the first part is a low-resolution image displayed on the screen, which is convenient for preview and positioning during image processing; The second part contains separate data for each color separation. *.eps file is stored in the form of D CS/CMYK, which contains separate data of four colors of CMYK, and can directly output four-color grid. However, in addition to being reliable on PostScript printers, * also. E ps format has many shortcomings: the first is the efficiency of storing pictures. Eps format is particularly low; Secondly, the compression scheme of *. The eps format is also poor. Usually, the same image is compressed by LZW of *. Tiff is 3 to 4 times smaller than * .eps.

Slide film

Filmstrip is a slide, which is an output file format in Premiere. Premiere outputs the animation as a long vertical bar, which consists of independent squares. Each grid is a frame. The lower left corner of each frame is the time code, and the lower right corner is the frame number. You can import files in this format in P hotoShop, and then apply the unique processing function of P hotoShop to process them. However, you must not change the size of the slide file. If it is changed, the picture can no longer be saved back to the f ilmstrip format and can no longer be returned to Premiere.

*. Icon file

*.ico is the icon file format of Windows.

*. Image file format

*.iff is a graphic file format used on super graphics processing platforms such as Amiga, which is widely used in Hollywood special effects movies and vividly reproduces the original scene. Of course, this format will consume a lot of computer resources, such as memory and external storage.

*. pound mass

*.lbm is a graphic file format used in Deluxe Paint, and its encoding method is similar to *.iff.

*. Magazine

*.mag is a graphic file format commonly used by Japanese people.

*. Apple Computer

*.mac is a grayscale graphics file format used in Macintosh, which can only be used in Macintosh brushes with a resolution of 720×567.

*. Macintosh brush

*.mpt is a graphic file format used in Macintosh.

*. Mask data files

*.msk is a graphic file format in Animator Pro, which contains bitmap graphics.

*.opt (optical menu setting file)/*. Tween data file

It is a graphic file format created by Animator Pro.

*. Polygon file

*.ply is a graphic file format created by Animator Pro, which contains a series of points used to describe polygons.

*.pbm/*。 pgm/*。 Portable pixel map

Graphic file format.

*. Kodak Optical Disc

*.pcd is a photo CD file format, which was developed by Kodak Company and can only be read by other software systems. This format is mainly used to store color scanned images on optical disks. It uses YCC color mode to define colors in images. Y CC color mode is a variant of CIE color mode. CIE color space is an international standard, which defines all colors that can be observed by human eyes. The YCC and CIE color spaces contain much more colors than the R GB and CMYK colors of displays and printing devices. Most of the photo CD images are of very high quality, and the cost of scanning a roll of film into photo CD files is not high, but the quality of scanning depends on the type of film used and the operation level of scanner users.

*.pcx(PC brush)/*. Program-controlled computer (short for program-controlled computer)

*.pcx was originally a compressed PC bitmap file format supported by Zsoft's PC brush graphics software. Later, Microsoft transplanted the PC brush to the Windows environment, and *. More graphics and image processing software supports pcx image format. The number of colors supported by this format has developed from the earliest 16 color to the present16.77 million color. It adopts run-length coding scheme for compression, and the file header is 128 bytes.

*. Movies

*.pic is a graphic file format, which contains uncompressed image information.

*.pict/*.pict2/*。 Paroxysmal nodal tachycardia

*.pict file format is mainly used on Mac, and can also be used on PC with Quick Time installed. Files in this format are not suitable for printing (if you print files in * format. Pict format is on a PostScript printer, which will cause PostScript errors), but it is usually used for multimedia projects. * .pict is also one of the formats used by Mac application software for image display.

*.psd(Adobe PhotoShop document)/*. Physical device driver

*.psd is the standard graphic file format used in PhotoShop, which can be stored in RGB or CMYK mode, and the number of colors can be customized. *.psd file can separate and save different objects in the form of L layer, which is convenient for modifying and making various special effects.

*.pdd, such as *. Psd, a special graphic file format in PhotoShop software, can save every tiny part of image data, including layers and additional mask channels, which will be lost when exported to other formats. In addition, P hotoShop can open and store these two formats faster than other formats, because both formats are self-formatted files supported by P hotoShop. The only regret is that although PhotoShop has applied compression technology in the calculation process, the image files stored in these two formats are still extremely huge. But storing images in these two formats will not cause any data loss, so when you edit, you'd better choose these two formats to save, and then convert them into other file formats with smaller disk space and better storage quality.

*. Pixar

Perhaps only users of Pixar workstations are familiar with this file format *. Pxr, which supports grayscale images and RGB color images. You can open a *. Pxr images created by PIXAR workstation in PhotoShop can also be saved in *. The pxr format transmitted to the workstation.

*.ras (Sun raster file)/*. Raw (original gray scale)

Graphic file format.

Scitex CT

Scitex CT is an image file format created on Scitex high-end prepress workstation, which is mainly used for image editing and color separation. Scitex CT images are always opened in CMYK mode. If they finally return to Scitex system, please keep their CMYK mode. You can use PhotoShop to open and edit Scitex CT images.

*.tga (marking graphics)

*.tga is an image file format developed by True Vision for its graphics card. Created earlier, the maximum number of colors can reach 32 bits, including the 8-bit Alpha channel for displaying live TV. This format has been widely used in various fields of computers, and this format file enables Windows and 3DS to exchange image files with each other. Yes, sir. It's colorful. Tga file in 3DS, and then use PhotoShop, Freeherd, Painter and other application software to modify the rendering in Win dows.

* Victory

*.win is a graphic file format similar to *.tga.

*.xbm (X bitmap)

*.xbm is a graphic file format.