Morphological characteristics of Cymbidium hybridum

Evergreen perennial epiphytic herb, pseudobulb, stout, is a sympodial orchid. There are usually 12 ~ 14 nodes in pseudobulb (there are differences among different varieties), and there are hidden buds on each node. Bud size varies with node position. The buds of 1 ~ 4 nodes are larger, but the buds of more than 4 nodes are smaller and the quality is poor (Lv Sicong, 2004). Cryptic buds can form flower buds or leaf buds according to plant age and environmental conditions. There are 2 rows of leaves, which are long lanceolate, and the length and width of leaves vary greatly among different varieties. The color of leaves is greatly influenced by light intensity, ranging from yellow-green to dark green. Cymbidium hybridum has well-developed roots, mostly cylindrical roots and stout meat. Most of them are gray-white, with no distinction between taproot and lateral root, and obvious root cap at the front end. The internal structure is a typical monocotyledonous plant structure, and its cortex is developed, which has the function of preventing root system from drying. The inflorescence of Cymbidium hybridum is long, and the number of florets is generally above 10, which is quite different among varieties (Yi et al., 2003; Zhang Chen, 2004).

Perianth 6, outer wheel 3 sepals, petaloid. The inner wheel is a petal, and the lower petal is specialized as a lip. The fruit of Cymbidium hybridum is a capsule, and its shape and size are often different due to different parents or native species. Its seed is very small, and the embryo in the seed is usually incomplete, with almost no endosperm, so it is difficult to germinate under natural conditions (Lv Sicong,1994; Zhang Chen, 2004). Among them, green varieties are mostly fragrant. The flowers are large, with a diameter of 6 ~ 10 cm, and the colors are white, yellow, green, purplish red or with purple-brown stripes.

Common cultivation of cultivated varieties: the commercial cultivated varieties of Cymbidium hybridum in China mainly come from Japan and South Korea, and in recent years, many domestic companies have begun to carry out variety breeding.

Cultivated varieties include the following kinds of cut flowers: the flowers are large and the branches are 80 ~ 150 cm long.

Potted varieties: flowers grow from big to small, and branches naturally stand upright or droop (the latter is called cymbidium).

According to the color can be divided into:

Red series: such as Xia Hong, Alexander, Fushen, Wine Red and New Century.

Pink series: such as Imperial Lady, Dream and Nun.

Green series: such as Jasper, Phantom, Memories of the Past, World Peace, Pianist, Emerald, Jade Zen; Yellow series: such as golden times, Dragon Robe, Bright Moon and UFO.

Chongqing 10 Asia-Pacific Orchid Exhibition APOC 10 Full-time Champion Cymbidium' Dragon Robe' C.' Naqihuang' Photography Wang Siqing

White series: such as Glacier, Morning Orange series: such as Glaze, Dream, Million Kiss Brown series: more common in Cymbidium series, such as Fogoten Fruits', multicolor series: Fairburn.

Introduction of common varieties:

1.C. Lucky Gloria "Aguri" ("("Cupid "))

The plant is relatively developed, with a plant height of 80 ~ 90 cm. Leaves loose, 2.5 ~ 3 cm wide. The flower diameter is 7 ~ 8 cm and the perianth is pink. The lips have long claws, and the middle edge is obviously auriculate. The middle part used to be red, and it was almost yellow from the middle to the base except the claws. The outer side of the pistil is the same color as the front of the lip, and the inner side is densely covered with red spots. Lip base pleat 2, yellow, with scattered red spots. Each flower has 10 ~ 13 flowers.

2. C. Big Katie's' yellow-green' ('Lover') plants are stout, with erect new leaves, and the plant height is 80 ~ 100 cm. The peripheral old leaves are loose and thin, and the width is about 1.5 ~ 2.0 cm. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm, and the perianth is pink and white. Lips have long claws and rounded edges. There are larger pink spots in the front edge of the lip, and smaller pink spots in the middle and back and inside the pistil. Lip base pleat 2, yellow with some scattered red spots. There are many flowers, each flower 18 ~ 20.

3.c. Lucky Gloria "Kawauchi" ("Susanna")

The plant is relatively developed, with a plant height of 90 ~ 100 cm. Leaves loose, 2 ~ 3 cm wide. The flower diameter is 7 ~ 8 cm, and the perianth is pink purple. Lips have long claws, round edges, and only the middle edge is slightly cracked or rolled in. The lip has a pink edge with a width of about 0.5cm, and the middle and back parts are white and the middle part is yellow. The outer side of pistil is the same color as the leading edge of lip, and the inner side is light. Lip base pleat 2, yellow. Each flower has 15 ~ 18 flowers.

4. C. Lucky Gloria "Fukunokami" ("Shen Fu")

The plant height is 80 ~ 90 cm. The front end of the blade hangs down, and the width of the blade is about 2 ~ 3 cm. Midleaf vein is depressed. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm and the perianth is red. The middle to the base of the lip and the inside of the pistil are yellow with scattered blood-red spots. There is an ear-shaped protrusion in the middle of the lip, the base is pleated yellow, and the cross section of the pleat is V-shaped. Each flower has 10 ~ 13 flowers.

5. C. Gentel's "Mint" ("Mint")

The plant height is 70 ~ 80 cm, and the opening is moderate. The leaf width is about 2 ~ 2.5 cm. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm, and the tepals are pale pink. The front of the lip and pistil are pink. Lips have long claws, round edges, slightly wavy, and the base of lips has folds 2, yellow. There are many flowers, each flower 18 ~ 20.

6. C. Enzanchun's' Flower' ('Love') has a stout plant with a plant height of 80 ~ 90 cm. The leaves are wide and long, 3.5 ~ 4 cm wide. The flower diameter is 9 ~ 10 cm, and the perianth is pink. The lip and the base edge of pistil are scattered with pink spots, and the lip has long claws with wavy wrinkles in the middle. There are two folds at the base of the lip, and the folds are yellow. Each flower has 15- 18 flowers.

7. Royal Red Princess Nobuko ("Xia Hong")

The plant is erect, with a plant height of 70 ~ 80 cm. The leaves are short and wide, 2.5 ~ 3 cm wide. The flower diameter is 9 ~ 10 cm, and the perianth is pink purple. The lips have long claws, and the middle edge is slightly curly and ear-shaped. Microwave-like wrinkles on the edge of lips. There are dense pink-purple longitudinal stripes on the front edge of the lip, white and yellow in the middle and back, and a small amount of pink-purple longitudinal stripes. The inside of the pistil is white and the outside is black. Lip base pleat 2, yellow. Each flower has 10 ~ 15 flowers.

8.c. Melody Expo "Marilyn Monroe" ("Pink Monroe")

The plant is moderately open, with a plant height of 80 ~ 90 cm. The leaf width is 2.5 ~ 3 cm. The flower diameter is 9 ~ 10 cm, and the perianth is light pink with dark longitudinal stripes. The lips and claws are long and the edges are slightly wavy. There are red spots on the front edge of lips, with dense front end and sparse back end. The background color of the middle back is yellow, and there are folds 2 at the base. The pleats are yellow with red dots on the top. The pistil is pink outside and yellow with pink spots inside. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 10 ~ 12 flowers.

9. C. Auspicious flower "Peace of Light" ("Imperial Princess")

The plant is moderately open, with a height of 90 ~ 100 cm. The leaf width is 2.5 ~ 3.5 cm. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm, and the tepals are pale pink with dark longitudinal stripes. Lips have long claws and rounded edges. There is a pink patch in the center of the front edge of the lip, and the middle and back parts are pink and white. There are folds 2 at the base, and the folds and the lips around the folds are yellow. The inside and outside of the pistil are pink, and there are a few pink spots on the inside. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 15 ~ 22 flowers.

10.c. Dahua' Mary Lauren CIN' ('Dream')

The plant is moderately open with a plant height of 70 ~ 80 cm. The leaf width is 2.5 ~ 3.5 cm. The flower diameter is 7 ~ 8 cm, and the perianth is pink and white. The lips have long claws and the edges are round or slightly wavy. The lip is faint with fine spots, and the middle and rear parts are white. There is a pleat 2 at the bottom, which is yellow. The pistil is pink on the outside and yellow on the inside, with pink dots. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 18 ~ 20 flowers.

11.C. "Nancy" ("Nancy")

The plant is relatively developed, with a plant height of 80 ~ 90 cm. The leaf width is 2.5 ~ 3 cm. The flower diameter is 9 ~ 10 cm, and the perianth is light pink with dark stripes. The lips have long claws, and the edges have wavy wrinkles with little fluctuation. There are crimson stripes and spots on the edge of lips, yellow in the middle and back, and red spots. There are folds 2 at the base, yellow, with more red spots on it. The outer side of pistil is dark red, the inner side is yellow, and there are dense red spots. Each flower has 10 ~ 15 flowers.

12.c. Lovely Moon' Crescent' ('golden times')

The plant is stout and erect, with a plant height of 90 ~ 100 cm. The leaf width is about 2.5 ~ 3.5 cm. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm and the perianth is yellow. Lips have long claws, rounded edges and a slight notch in the middle. There are dense red longitudinal stripes on the front edge of the lip, which are 0.5 ~ 0.8 cm wide. There are few spots in the middle and back of the lips, and there are 2 folds at the bottom of the lips, yellow. Red spots are scattered at the inner base of pistil. There are many flowers, each flower 15 ~ 18.

13.c. Twilight Moon' Sunlight' ('Sunglow')

Plants are more upright. The leaves are wide and short, about 2.5 ~ 3 cm wide. The leaves are uneven and the veins are sunken. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm and the perianth is yellow. The lip has neat edges and long claws at the base. The leading edge is a red "V"-shaped edge, about 0.5cm wide, and the base of the lip is pleated 2 and yellow, with scattered red spots on the inside of the pistil. Each flower has 8 ~ 10 flowers.

14.c. In the morning, the opening of' Dahu' ('Giant Tiger') is moderate, and the plant height is 80 ~ 90 cm. Leaves loose, about 2 ~ 3 cm wide. On the upper surface of the leaf, the midvein is depressed, the lateral veins are 2-4 convex, and the leaf surface is uneven. The flower diameter is 10 ~ 1 1 cm, and the tepals are golden yellow. The entire lip and pistil are densely striped with red, and the rest of the perianth segments also have little red dot at the base. There are obvious folds on both sides of the middle part of the lips. There are two yellow pleats at the base, and there are also red spots on the pleats, each flower 15 ~ 20.

15.c. Enzan forest' majorica' ('glaze color')

The plant is erect, with a plant height of 70 ~ 80 cm. The leaves are thin, about 1.5 ~ 2 cm wide, and the midvein of the leaves is depressed. Flower diameter 9 ~ 10 cm, perianth orange. The inside of the pistil and the lip are densely covered with leopard red spots, and the lip has a long part attached to the pistil. There are 2 pleats with little red dot at the bottom. Petals are slender. Each flower has 13 ~ 15 flowers.

16.c. Half moon' roaming place' ('dream')

The plant is stout, with upright leaves and a plant height of 90 ~ 100 cm. The leaves are wide, about 3.5 ~ 4.0 cm. The flower diameter is 7 ~ 8 cm, and the tepals are orange-red. Lips have long claws, rounded edges, and cracked or inverted ears in the middle. The front lip has a dark orange edge about 2cm wide, and a few dark orange spots are scattered in the middle and back. Lip base pleat 2, also dark orange-red. The inside and outside of the pistil are dark orange. There are many flowers, each flower 15 ~ 18.

17.c. Hiroshima Jinbei' Clear Moon' ('Bright Moon')

The plant is erect, 80 ~ 90 cm high. The leaf surface is flat and 2.5 ~ 3 cm wide. The flower diameter is 9 ~ 10 cm, and the perianth is yellow. The lips are rounded and slightly wavy. There are long claws at the base and dense red longitudinal stripes at the front edge, which are about 1 ~ 1.5 cm wide. There are folds at the bottom of the lips. 2. Yellow. The inside of the pistil is dotted with red spots. Each flower has 13 ~ 15 flowers.

18.c. New Turin' UFO color' ('UFO')

The plant is stout, with a height of 80 ~ 90cm. The width of the leaves is about 2.5 ~ 3.5 cm, and the midvein on the upper surface of the leaves is sunken. The flower diameter is 7.5 ~ 8 cm, and the perianth is yellow. There is a red band about 1cm wide at the edge of the lips. Little red dot is scattered at the base of pistil. There are two yellow pleats at the root of the lips, and there are no spots on the pleats. Each flower has 10 ~ 15 flowers. When a flower is in full bloom, its petals are not fully unfolded, just like half-opened. 19.c.pineclash' Venus of the Moon' ('Venus')

The plant is stout, with a height of 80 ~ 90cm. The leaves are short and wide, about 4 ~ 5 cm wide. Flower diameter 9 ~ 10 cm. Tepals are light yellow. The lips have long claws, the middle part protrudes inward in an ear shape, and the edge has red blocky spots. There are two pleats at the bottom, and the cross section of each pleat is V-shaped with one side high and one side low. The inside of the pistil is densely covered with red spots. Each flower has 13 ~ 15 flowers.

20. C. Hunter's viewpoint "Huang Meng" ("Jin Meng")

The plant is stout, with a height of 80 ~ 90cm. The leaf width is about 2 ~ 2.5 cm, the midvein on the upper surface of the leaf is concave, and the rest is smooth. The flower diameter is 9 ~ 10 cm, and the perianth is yellow. The edge of the lip and the inside of the pistil are red. The lips have long claws, and there are two yellow folds at the base, and there are no red spots on the folds. Flowers are similar to Cymbidium hybridum' flying saucer', but the petals are fully developed when they bloom. Each flower has 13 ~ 15 flowers.

21.C. Knight in Yellow (Sunset)

The plant is moderately open, with a plant height of 70 ~ 85 cm. The leaf width is 3.5 ~ 4.5 cm. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm and the perianth is yellow. Lips are slightly lighter with red patches of different sizes. Claws are obvious, lips are neat and sharp. There is a pleat 2 at the bottom, which is yellow and has red dots on it. The pistil is yellow on the outside and red stripe on the inside. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 15 ~ 20 flowers.

22. C. Waltz Romance

The plant is relatively open, with a plant height of 90 ~ 100 cm. The posture above the middle of the leaf is flat, and the width of the leaf is 3 ~ 3.5 cm. The flower diameter is 8 ~ 9 cm, and the perianth is light green. There are dense longitudinal red stripes at the front of the lip, about 1.5 ~ 2 cm wide. There is also erythema at the base of pistil. There are long claws at the back of the lip, and the front edge is round. There are two folds at the base of the lip, light yellow and green, with a little red spots. 8 ~ 10 flowers per scape.

23.C. Lunagrad' Etral Green' ('Jasper ')

The plant is moderately open, with a plant height of 80 ~ 90 cm. The leaf width is 3 ~ 3.5 cm. Flower diameter 10 ~ 1 1 cm, tepals green. The lips and claws are long and the edges are slightly wavy. The red dots are distributed on the yellow-green background color of the lips, and the background color of the middle and rear parts is yellow-white. There is a pleat 2 at the bottom, which is yellow and has red dots on it. The pistil is green outside and yellow-green inside, with a few sparse red spots. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 13 ~ 15 flowers.

24.c waltz

The plant is moderately open with a plant height of 70 ~ 80 cm. The leaf width is 2 ~ 2.5 cm. The flower diameter is 7 ~ 8 cm and the perianth is green. Lips are yellow-green, claws are long, the front part is light yellow-brown patches, the edge is round, and the middle and rear parts are yellow and white. There are folds 2 at the base, and the folds are yellow-green. The pistil is green outside and yellow-green inside with dark yellow spots. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 12 ~ 16 flowers.

25. C. Valu "Idol" ("Phantom")

The plant is relatively developed, with a plant height of 80 ~ 90 cm. The leaf width is 3.5 ~ 4 cm. The flower diameter is 7 ~ 8 cm and the perianth is green. Lips have long claws and rounded edges. There are vertical stripes formed by red spots on the lips, yellow-green in the middle and back, and a few red spots. The base is pleated 2, yellow-green. The pistil is green in appearance and yellow-green in interior, and is densely covered with vertical fine stripes composed of red spots. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 15 ~ 18 flowers.

26.c Vacakusa "D'Arcourt" ("Jade Chan")

The plant is relatively developed, with a plant height of 70 ~ 80 cm. The leaf width is 2 ~ 3 cm. The flower diameter is 5 ~ 6 cm, the perianth is green, and only the lip is white. Lips have long claws, round front edge, slightly rolled down at the end and turned back. There are folds 2 at the base, and the folds and the lips around the folds are green. The pistil is green outside and yellow-green inside. Scape is better, each scape has 20 ~ 25 flowers.

27.27.c "Ice Waterfall" by Sarah Jean ("Glacier")

Plant development, plant height 60 ~ 70 cm. Leaf width 1.5 ~ 2 cm. The flower diameter is 5 ~ 6 cm, and the perianth is white with light green stripes. Lips have long claws, slight wavy wrinkles on the edges and pink spots. The middle and back of the lips are white with very fine water-red spots. There are folds 2 at the bottom, yellow. The outer side of the pistil is yellow, and the inner side is light, densely covered with water-red spots. Scapes droop naturally, and each scape 18 ~ 22 flowers.

28.c Sleeping with "mine" ("Dawn")

The plant is erect, and the plant height is100 ~110cm. The leaf width is 2 ~ 2.5 cm. Flower diameter 10 ~ 1 1 cm, perianth white. Lips have long claws and wavy edges. There is a longitudinal pale yellow ribbon in the center of the lip, and there is a pleat 2 at the base, which is covered with yellow. The pistil is white inside and outside, but the top is pale yellow. Scapes are erect, and each scape has 13 ~ 18 flowers.

A crimson cymbidium variety:' Flame' Wang Siqing was photographed in Chongqing.

Cymbidium variety: the fruit of forgetting troubles C. Dorothy stock is still' foggotten fruit