Introduction skills of photography from novice to expert

Lead: I heard that from novice to expert, there are only a few skill differences. ?

First of all, interesting prospects

Foreground is an important factor in photographic composition. As an integral part of photos, they can highlight the main body and increase the sense of space and depth of photos. Therefore, in photographic composition, the correct use of the combination of foreground and background can make the scenery in the photo more harmonious and unified, thus making it more appealing. In order to achieve this simulation effect, we must use some foreground to create illusion, so that the picture looks more spatial.

How to use the prospect?

1. Guide topic

The most common thing is to use foreground to guide the audience's line of sight to the main part. Using a wide-angle lens with the foreground can also exaggerate the sense of space and depth, but at this time, the foreground is best to guide the line of sight, such as a winding mountain road leading to the village and a row of the same trees leading to the tower.

2. Strengthen the contrast

If you shoot some black objects or outlines in the foreground of the photo. So as to form a strong contrast, and then emphasize the dim and plain background. For example, in the picture below, black stones in the foreground are used to highlight the sky behind, making the composition particularly vivid.

Increase interest

When taking a landscape photo, anything can be used to add interest to the foreground, thus giving the photo a sense of depth. It can be a tree, an animal, a building or a vehicle, but it must be related to the whole picture. Otherwise, the whole picture will become incoherent and destroy the overall artistic conception. As shown below, with wooden stakes as the foreground, it successfully brings out the distance of the sky behind it, and at the same time makes the composition no longer monotonous.

Second, the clever use of natural light.

Natural light refers to the light that the sun shines on the earth. It not only refers to the sunshine on sunny days, but also refers to the light reflected on cloudy days, rainy days, snowy days and foggy days, as well as the moonlight at night and the light seen when there is no artificial lighting indoors, all of which belong to the natural light range.

Light is a tool. Whether you can use it freely depends on whether you are well trained or not, and more importantly, your imagination. Photographers must learn to observe light and its effects. No matter what light it is, change the effect as much as possible. As long as the steps move, the light will change differently. Light itself appears in many different forms, and photographers should be good at choosing the most suitable form to achieve special purposes.

When shooting in natural light, we mainly consider the following points:

1. light intensity

Natural light is the intensity of light and shade that varies with seasons and time. The bright light in spring and summer gives people a dazzling, bright and energetic feeling. In autumn and winter, dim light is suitable for expressing melancholy, tranquility and implicit emotions. Photographers can take advantage of this difference in light intensity to better highlight the characteristics of the subject and reflect the shooting intention.

2. Light quality

The quality of light has nothing to do with the intensity of light, which can be direct light from a thermal source or reflected light from the surface of the irradiated object. Direct light has natural light that is not blocked by clouds; Scattered light includes sunlight blocked by clouds and soft light reflected from walls, ceilings or other objects. Direct light is intense and dazzling, with great contrast, which can cause clear and prominent shadows. The reflected light formed by reflection is soft and the contrast is small, which will cause gray fuzzy shadow or no shadow at all. It can show the shape of the subject delicately and naturally and reproduce its original appearance.

3. Direction of lighting

The direction of light refers to the direction of light. A photographer should study the different poses and special effects of the scene he wants to shoot under different lighting conditions. When the photographer's back is to the sun, the subject is exposed to the front light, which is weak and lacks layering. It will be obvious when viewed with side light or backlight. If you shoot the traffic after work with backlight, the picture is so attractive. These are all artistic effects caused by different directions of light.

Third, the diversity and unity of composition.

Although there are many names for composition rules, the central theme is the law of diversity and unity. Diversity and unity are the application of the law of unity of opposites in art, and diversity and unity are the unity of contradictions. When used for picture composition, it means that the picture should be varied, uniform and regular, and not chaotic. When shooting different scenes, we should strive to achieve diversity and unity. The application of diversity and unity in picture composition, specifically, is to arrange many scattered performance objects in the picture reasonably according to the principle of highlighting the main body, so as to achieve the unity of content and form.

Fourth, concreteness and exaggeration.

To sum up, seeking change in unity is singleness. Specificity in composition is not only a visual image &; Ldquo is specific &; rdquo； It also contains the uniqueness of the author's conception. Photography is inseparable from creativity &; The subjective factors of mdash creators and the exaggerated modeling of photography art are the sum of people's subjective expression thoughts and the reproducibility of the lens.

Specificity and exaggeration in photography can be divided into the following forms:

1. Deformation exaggeration

Deformation exaggeration is first of all a need of creative psychology. Modern photography pays great attention to the deformation of the picture. According to his own creative psychology and intention, the photographer exaggerates and distorts the specific image of the scene by using various lenses and technical skills to express the author's strong feelings and feelings.

2. The tone is exaggerated

Using the technical means of photography, consciously screening, controlling and changing the tone transformation can produce the effect of tone exaggeration. For example, various color filters are used to change the tone effect and contrast, and post-production methods are used to separate the tone, resulting in wind mark effect, as well as high, low and silhouette photos produced by special lighting during shooting.

3. Color exaggeration

Color photography itself exaggerates the color changes that already exist in nature. In color photography, when sunlight color film is used to shoot scenes under light, the color is exaggerated to warm tones; Instead, it is exaggerated to cool colors. Use color filters, local lighting of flash color films, etc. Can exaggerate the color conversion. In the post-production process, the use of color separation means makes the color of the picture become an exaggerated color block of color matching woodcut. Color exaggeration can not only unify and summarize the picture, but also be more decorative and lasting appeal.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) character modeling

In portrait photography, the pose of the model is one of the important elements of picture composition, and the control of body language and expression largely determines the final quality of the photo. Most photographers don't have many opportunities to shoot professional models. Most of the time, they invite a friend or netizen to be a model. Reasonable arrangement of shooting plan, mastering the main points of portrait shooting, mobilizing the emotional state of models, and learning to use different props and posing methods in various scenes have important influence on shooting good portraits.

To make the posture of the subject beautiful, you must master the following tips.

1. The head and body should not be in a straight line. When your body is facing the camera, turn your head slightly to the left or right, and the photo will look elegant and vivid.

2. Arms and legs should not be parallel. It can be a song, or both can form a certain angle. This can not only cause movement, but also change posture.

3. Try to make the curves of the characters clear. For female subjects, it is necessary to show their charming curves.

4. Sit posture should be avoided. Don't let the subject sit in the chair as usual when showing his sitting posture. Let him go forward, sit near the chair, keep his chest up and abdomen in order to avoid the phenomenon of drooping shoulders and protruding abdomen.

5. The lens should be far away rather than close. Because when the lens is close to the subject, it is easy to produce distortion. Therefore, when shooting, we should choose a lens with appropriate focal length and keep a certain distance from people.

Sixth, avoid distortion.

Photography represents the perspective relationship of three-dimensional space through cameras, which is different from the perspective principle of painting. When a photographer takes a picture with an ordinary camera, only when the camera is horizontal will the vertical line of the building remain vertical in the picture, and its perspective relationship will have one or two perspective effects in the painting. This limits the flexibility of shooting buildings with ordinary cameras, especially when shooting high-rise buildings on the ground, the ground at the bottom of the picture often appears too much, and the top of the building can not be photographed. If the lens is tilted upward, although the top of the building is photographed, the lines that were originally perpendicular to the ground will indeed converge upward, forming a three-point perspective effect in painting, commonly known as&; Ldquo perspective deformation &; rdquo。

When accepting photos of buildings, except for those works that deliberately use diagonal lines to express visual impact or pursue dramatic composition, in most cases, people are used to accepting the effect of one or two perspectives in painting, that is, the building remains vertical in the photos, because this is the most commonly used perspective for ordinary people to look at architecture and the world.

So how can we avoid architectural perspective &; Ldquo distortion &; Rdquo, then what?

1. Keep the camera level. When the camera is horizontal, there will be no perspective distortion of the building in the picture.

2. Improve the height of the shooting point When shooting a high-rise building, choose the shooting point at the top of a nearby multi-storey building or the top of a podium of a high-rise building, which can avoid the perspective distortion of the building being photographed in the picture.

3. Use a viewing angle adjustment camera or a viewing angle adjustment lens (relative to an ordinary camera).

Seven, the use of props

It seems that some photographic props are essential when shooting various subjects. Here we take food photography as an example. Props play a considerable role in food photography. Different cuisines, different utensils, different styles and different props are used. However, the more props the better. Just put 1-2 blocks normally. Too much will be a mess and there will be no priorities.

Eight, never stop shooting.

Shoot anytime, anywhere. When you stop shooting, your mind will start to slow down. When you doubt yourself, your creativity will begin to lose &; Hellip& amphellip So you have to keep shooting, don't let yourself fall into the hole of fantasy, once you fall into fantasy, you have to climb out, pick up the camera and continue shooting.