How many kinds of football are there? What are their respective rules?

After the introduction of English rugby into other countries, it has been developing and changing constantly, and many countries have created their own rugby forms. For example, in the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries, the football field, equipment, rules, clothing, number of people, the size of the ball and the way of playing are different, but they can be roughly divided into two categories: rugby (also known as soft football) and American football (also known as hard football). Their different styles and styles of play have won very interesting nicknames. Rugby is called "a barbaric sport played by gentlemen", while American football is called "a barbaric sport played by barbarians".

Rugby rules

Kick-off: The first ball kicked according to the rules at the start of the game or after scoring. The football kick-off rules are as follows: at the beginning of each half, the kickoff player kicks at the midpoint of the midline; After one side scores, the other side kicks at or after the midpoint of the center line. Kick-off players must stand behind the ball, the opposing team must stand behind their own half 10 meter line, and the kicked ball should cross the opposing team 10 meter line. American football kick-off is defined as: at the beginning of each quarter or after scoring, the kickoff party kicks off at the midpoint of the field 32 meters. A fixed kick or a falling kick can be used. Players can only stand behind the ball, the opposing players must stand 3.05 meters away from the ball, and the kicked ball must exceed 3.05 meters.

Offside: refers to the position where players are not allowed to participate in the game and are prone to foul. The rules for judging offside in football matches are as follows: in the general state of the game, the offensive player without the ball is offside in front of the dribbler or kicker; If a player stays or advances to a specific offside line, it is offside and the opponent will get a penalty. The rules for judging offside in American football match are: every time the ball lands, any player crosses the line of scrimmage is offside; When kicking a free kick, a player who exceeded the limit line was offside, and the foul team retreated1.525m..

Score: a player touches the ground with the ball in the opponent's division, or the ball passes between the crossbar of the goal door frame and the two goal posts when the player shoots. The form of football scoring is: touchdown with the ball is 5 points, which is called touchdown. After the touchdown, the scoring team can also kick once on the imaginary line perpendicular to the goal line through the touchdown point, and get 2 points; Penalty due to one side's foul, penalty kick in the game, 3 points. The scoring forms of American football are: 6 points for touchdown; Kick and shoot after touchdown, score 1 minute; 3 points during the competition; In the opponent's division, forcing the opponent to score a dead goal is considered a safe score and scored 2 points.

The rules of football. Refers to a kick to the non-foul party after a foul. Any form of kicking will do. You can kick the ball in any direction, or kick it out before you get it. You can also tell the referee to change the penalty and kick the door. But shooting must be in the form of fixed kick or hanging kick. When taking a penalty, the player must be behind the ball, and the opposing player must retreat to the place 10 meters away from the ball and parallel to the goal line or goal line.

American football rules

(1) Ball

1. In order to meet the needs of the league, the home team should have 36 balls in the outdoor competition and 24 balls in the indoor competition, and the referee should test them with a stress tester two hours before the start of the competition. 12 was sealed in a special box, and the new ball sent directly by the manufacturer was opened in the official locker room two hours before the start of the game.

(2) Flip a coin to guess the pros and cons

1. toss a coin in the middle of the court three minutes before kick-off. The captains of both sides guessed the pros and cons before flipping a coin. The winning team can choose one of the following two conditions, and the losing team accepts the remaining one.

(1) Choose to kick off first.

(2) Choose a defensive location

2. Before the first shift starts, the captains of the two teams must inform the referee of their previous choices, and guess that the team that lost head-on in the first half has priority.

(iii) Time

1. The clock on the court is regular. If the clock stops or runs abnormally, the linesman should control and manage the correct official time on the court.

2. Each lesson 15 minutes, unless otherwise specified, each lesson is 2 minutes apart, with an interval of 12 minutes.

3. When the team calls for a time-out, the referee starts counting and blows the whistle after 1 min 50 seconds, unless the TV broadcast does not use this time to broadcast commercial advertisements. In this case, the pause time is reduced to 40 seconds.

The referee will allow the necessary time to give the injured player or repair the player's equipment.

5. Each team has three times to call a time-out every half.

6. You can have 40 seconds to prepare for each attack.

7. Start timing after the team holds the ball.

8. The last two minutes of the first half and the last five minutes of the second half are exceptions-the time of out-of-bounds or foul will be deleted. Time before the clock returns out of bounds.

9. The opposing team can immediately call a timeout, but the timeout is reduced to 40 seconds.

10. When the attacker didn't hear the referee's penalty because of the noise of the crowd, he can choose to let the defender reduce the penalty of a timeout or a penalty of 5 yards.

(iv) Sudden death

1. For all NFL games, the sudden death method is that the team that scored first in overtime (in all aspects) will automatically win if there is a draw within the specified time.

At the end of the specified time, the referee will flip a coin in the middle, and the visiting team leader will guess first.

3. There will be a 3-minute break after the game, followed by nearly 15 minutes of overtime until there is a 2-minute break between each overtime. The two sides take turns to divide the ball. Each team has three timeouts at half-time, and the players sent off can't play again.

(v) Start

1. At the beginning of the first half and the second half, or after scoring goals and trying, the opening team should kick off from the team's 30-yard line. Kick-off is a free kick.

2. You can use the 1 inch ball pad when kicking off (it is not allowed to use the ball pad when kicking the target score, the safe score or the trial kick with the ball). Kick the ball with a positioning kicker.

3. You can't get the target score when you kick off.

4. If the tee-off distance does not exceed 10 yards or is not touched by the receiving team, then the tee-off is considered illegal. Once the kick-off is touched or passed by the receiver over 10 yards, the ball becomes a free ball. The catcher can take the ball back and push it. Kicking teams can get the ball back, but they can't push the ball unless the receiver controls the ball and loses it.

5. If the kick-off is out of bounds within two goal lines and is not touched by the receiver, the ball belongs to the receiver 30 yards away from the ball point or where the ball is out of bounds, unless the ball is out of bounds for the first time when kicking "self-kick". In this case, the kicker will be fined 5 yards before kicking the ball.

6. If the kick-off is out of bounds in two goal lines, but it is touched by the receiver, then the ball belongs to the receiver whose ball is out of bounds.

7. If the opening team kicks off to the borderline illegally, or kicks a short-distance free kick in two or more consecutive self-kicks, then the receiving team can get the ball at the dead ball point, or where the ball is out of bounds, or at the illegal touch point.

(6) Safety score

1. In addition to kick-off, another free kick is a kick after a safe score. You can use fly kick (but not kick off).

2. In terms of scoring safety, the team can score by kicking in the air, throwing the ball (referring to throwing and kicking the rebound ball) and kicking the positioning ball without the ball pad. After scoring a safe score, you can't kick the ball at will, even if a series of punishments put the team in such a situation. It is only possible to score a goal by kicking a free kick after fighting for the ball or legally catching it.

(vii) Fair catch.

After legally receiving the ball, the receiving team can choose to kick off; Or kick "legal catch kick" at the legal catch kick line outside 10 yards to get the target score. When you strive for a goal, all the general rules apply. Start timing when kicking the ball (no cushion is allowed).

(8) Fouling at the final stage of the half-court or full-court game.

1. The defender fouled. If he accepts the punishment, he will touch the ground again.

2. If the attacker fouls and does not repeat the touchdown, the touchdown is invalid.

Exception: The attacker will not score if the ball is caught, fouled or illegally contacted and the possession of the ball is transferred.

(ix) Foul point

1. Four basic foul points:

(a) the place where the foul occurred

(b) Front foul point: the place where the kick-off takes place.

(c) the place where the ball is contested, returned or conceded; Foul punishment department

(d) Continuous point: If the ball is pushed again during the blowing penalty, the kick-off place is the blowing penalty place.

2. If the attacker fouls behind the line of scrimmage (except in the touchdown area), he will be punished for kicking off at the previous service point. If the ball is in the touchdown zone, it will be a safe ball.

3. If the defender fouls with the ball or unreasonable hand after the line of scrimmage, if he fouls outside the line, the penalty code will be calculated online.

(x) Two fouls

1. If you commit two fouls when handing over the ball, the player who finally gets the ball before the exchange will win the ball.

2. If there are two fouls after the exchange, the defender gets the ball at the foul or dead ball.

3. If one of the two fouls is unqualified, the fouler must be sent off, but not fined.

4. The player fouls before exchanging possession of the ball, the receiver fouls after the exchange, and the receiver gets the ball.

5. When a team scores on the ground, scores a goal, gets extra points or safety points, the other team member fouls, is disqualified as an athlete, or makes unreasonable moves when falling on the ground, and makes a free throw at the kick-off.

(XI) Emergency events

Members, officials, employees, players and coaches of the NFL should watch every game, and the NFL will decide whether to continue the game. In case of unexpected events, such as severe cold weather, natural and man-made disasters, power failure, audience interference, etc. When the start or continuation of the competition will pose a threat to the safety of contestants and spectators, the competition will be suspended, cancelled, postponed or terminated.

(XII) Rights of the Committee Office

1. The right to cancel, postpone or terminate the competition is only granted to members and team chairmen. (Representatives from other teams' offices and referees can temporarily suspend the game; See point 3 below and point 1 under "rights of judges"), which are defined as follows:

* Cancel. Cancelling a game is to invalidate it (whether before or after the game starts), and there is no intention to reschedule the game or include its scores and other performance data in the team's records.

* Delay. Delaying the game means (a) delaying the start time of the game, or (b) pausing the game after the game starts, and preparing to restart it later. All scores and other performance data before the pause are added to the scores and data after the game is resumed.

* Termination. To terminate the game is to end in a 60-minute complete game, which is officially recorded as a complete game, and no further preparations will be made after that. In case of emergency, the Committee member or team chairman may terminate the competition. If it is reasonable in his opinion, (a) it will not change the final result or (b) it will not adversely affect the events of any other team.

* Eliminated. Except in the case of foul (see the above provisions on expulsion), no committee member, the president of the league and his representative, including the referee, have the right to unilaterally declare the team eliminated. Only when the game can't be played because of a team's mistake or refusal to participate in the second game can the elimination be announced. At this time, if the opponent is ready and wants to participate, he can win 2-0.

2. In case of unexpected circumstances, it is necessary to cancel, postpone or terminate the competition (see the above rules), the highest representative in control position in the Committee office can consult with the Committee members, the president of the league or the responsible officials appointed by the league on the day of the competition to confirm this decision. (If the official in charge is not available that day, please consult with him by phone). If the environmental conditions of the day have been determined, the representatives of the League should still consult with the Meteorological Bureau and the appropriate security personnel of the League, clubs, stadiums and local governments. If there is no representative from the Committee office to ensure that the game is controlled, the referee will take full responsibility.

3. In case of urgent need to ensure safety, the representative of the committee office can set a time-out after consultation with the referee, and if authorized, they can also remove the contestants from the field. Committee representatives should ensure the safety of spectators, athletes, competition officials, non-athletes in the audience and other people present (such as photographers and cheerleaders).

4. If possible, the representative of the office of the officials of the League can cancel any committee decision, including postponement or termination, through consultation with the authorized representatives of the two participating clubs.

5. If the committee and the president of the league decide to cancel the postponement of the termination of the competition, his representative or official will announce the decision on the day of the competition, for example, through public broadcasting using the referee's wireless microphone, using the public area of the home team or contacting the radio and other media.