Little knowledge of flying fish

The "flying" of flying fish is just a kind of gliding. In fact, flying fish take off by holding up the sea water with their tails, rather than flying by vibrating pectoral fins as people think.

Flying fish swim quickly under the sea surface by adjusting their angles before they surface. When it is close to the sea surface, the pectoral fin and ventral fin are attached to the sides of the body, and then the powerful caudal fin swings violently from side to side to draw zigzag water marks, thus generating strong impulse and making the fish suddenly breaking the surface like an arrow.

Flying fish immediately spread out their long and wide pectoral fins and glided against the wind at a speed of about15 m/s. Under the right wind direction, flying fish can fly 200~400 meters in the air 4~5 meters above the water.

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Flying fish are widely distributed in warm waters all over the world and are famous for flying. They are all small, with winglike hard fins and asymmetrical forked tails. The jumping height is enough to make it jump on the deck of the ship on the water. Sailors often find flying fish landing on the deck at dawn.

Flying fish live in the upper layer of seawater and are the prey of all kinds of fierce fish. Flying fish fly mainly to avoid predators. Flying fish don't jump out of the water easily, and only when they are attacked or heard by the ship's engine can they display their flying skills.

The main food of flying fish in the sea is tiny plankton. Every April and May, it comes to China from the equator to breed.

2. What does flying fish mean?

1 Shan Hai Jing? Sun Yat-sen's classic: "The mountain of tauren is full of water, and the water flows into the west. "

It's a flying fish. It looks like a fish and itches. "(2) Shan Hai Jing? Three Classics in the Middle Ages: "Feed the mountains, return the water out, and flow northward into the river.

There are many flying fish, such as dolphins, which are red, not afraid of thunder and can resist soldiers. (3) Taiping Magnolia Volume 1939 quotes The Book of Forests: "Flying fish are round and long, with heavy feathers and wings like cicadas, flying in groups, swimming in the clouds and swimming in the sea. "

Reporter: This fish will soon be "Shan Hai Jing? The article "Ray" recorded in "Three Great Western Classics". (4) The article "Flying Fish" was collected in Tan Qian's "Miscellaneous Jujube Tree" in the Ming Dynasty: "If anyone sails, he will fly fish in the dark sun.

It is two inches long, two inches wide and two inches long. It has two wings. Sea breeze attack, from the waves on the boat, such as birds.

You can't fly if you stop. "。

3. Why do small flying fish fly?

Flying fish has attracted people's interest for many years. With the development of science, high-speed photography reveals the secret of flying fish.

Actually, flying fish can't fly Whenever it is ready to leave the water, it must swim at high speed in the water, with its pectoral fins close to its sides and rising smoothly like a submarine. The flying fish beat the water with its tail, and its whole body shot into the air like an arrow that left the string. After jumping out of the water, it spread its long and bright pectoral fins and ventral fins and glided forward quickly.

Its "wings" do not flap, but rely on the driving force of its tail to make a short "flight" in the air. Careful observation shows that the second half of the tail fin of flying fish is not only very long, but also very hard.

So the caudal fin is the "engine" of its "flight". If the tail fin of flying fish is cut off and put back into the sea, there will be no pectoral muscles as developed as birds, and the broken-tailed flying fish, which can't fly by wings, can only spend its life in obscurity in the sea with regret that it can no longer fly.

4. Why do flying fish fly?

Why can flying fish fly on the sea like seabirds? More precisely, the "flying" of flying fish is actually just a kind of gliding.

Scientists used cameras to reveal the secret of flying fish's "flight", and found that flying fish actually took off by stirring seawater with its "flying machine" tail, instead of vibrating its long and wide pectoral fin as people thought in the past. Before flying fish come out of the water, they swim quickly under the water by adjusting the angle. When it approaches the sea surface, it will stick its pectoral fins and ventral fins to its sides. At this time, it looks like a submarine. Then, it uses its powerful tail fin to swing violently from side to side, drawing zigzag water marks, producing strong impulse, which makes the fish suddenly breaking the surface like an arrow, and its take-off speed actually exceeds 18 m/s.

When flying out of the water, flying fish immediately spread their long and wide pectoral fins and glided at a speed of about 15 m/s against the wind blowing from the sea. With the right wind, flying fish can fly 200 ~400 meters in the air 4 ~5 meters above the water surface, making it the farthest fish in the world.

Someone once measured the best flight record of flying fish in the tropical Atlantic Ocean: the flight time is 90 seconds, the flight altitude is10.97m, and the flight distance is1109.5m.. When the flying fish returns to the water, if it needs to take off again, it will beat the waves with its tail before entering the water to increase the gliding power and make it jump out of the water again and continue its short gliding flight.

Obviously, the "wings" of the flying fish did not flap, but only made a short "flight" in the air by the driving force of the tail. Someone has done such an experiment, cutting off the tail fin of a flying fish and putting it back into the sea. Because it doesn't have developed chest muscles like birds, it can't flap its wings, and flying fish with broken tail fins can't fly anymore.

Barbados is a coral island at the eastern end of the Caribbean, which is famous for its rich flying fish. There are nearly 100 species of flying fish here. The small flying fish is only as big as the palm of your hand, and the big one is more than 2 meters long.

According to local people, this flying fish can jump out of the water about 400 meters high and glide in the air as far as 3,000 meters. Obviously this statement is too exaggerated.

But flying fish is indeed a specialty of Barbados and a symbol of this beautiful island country. Many entertainment places and tourist facilities are named after flying fish, and the dishes made of flying fish are one of the famous dishes in Barbados. Standing on the beach and looking around, breaking the waves, a shuttle-shaped flying fish shuttled across the sea and flew against the snow-white waves.

Colorful "parabolas" are like beautiful fountains, which are dizzying. The ever-changing landscape is beautiful and spectacular and unforgettable for a long time.

Visitors can not only enjoy the spectacle of "flying fish beating waves" here, but also get a beautifully made flying fish commemorative medal. Barbados was thus nicknamed "Flying Fish Island".

Why do flying fish "fly"? Marine biologists believe that flying fish fly mostly to escape the chase of large fish such as tuna and swordfish, or because ships are frightened when they approach. The big family of marine fish is not always calm. Flying fish is a small and medium-sized fish living in the upper ocean, and it is the prey of fierce fish such as sharks, flowers, tuna and swordfish.

In the long-term competition for survival, flying fish have formed a very clever skill of avoiding enemy harm and jumping into the water to fly, so they can leave the dangerous sea area temporarily. Therefore, flying fish will not easily jump out of the water. Only when attacked by the enemy or electrocuted by the ship's engine can this skill be used.

But sometimes, flying fish will jump out of the water because of excitement or reproduction, and sometimes flying fish will take off for no reason. Of course, flying fish, a special way of "self-defense", is not absolutely reliable.

Flying fish flying in the sea, although escaping the attack of the enemy in the sea, often become the "food in the mouth" of seabirds waiting for their prey at sea, such as "warship birds". This is how flying fish jump out of the water for a while and dive into the sea for a while to avoid enemies in the sea or in the air.

Flying fish have phototaxis. If a lamp is hung on the deck of a ship at night, flocks of flying fish will come to look for light and fall into a trap and hit the deck. The meat of flying fish is particularly delicious and tender, and it is an excellent dish.

5. What are the advantages of "Flying Fish" AM39 missile in common sense of aircraft carrier?

"Flying Fish" AM39 missile is a subsonic short-range skimming ship-to-ship missile developed by France.

The bomb was put into production and delivered in 1978, and entered the French navy in 1979. The "Flying Fish" anti-ship missile has the advantages of small size, light weight, high precision, strong sea-skimming flight capability and all-weather combat capability after launch.

The second batch of its improved versions has been in service in 1994, equipped with the improved Atlantic II anti-submarine patrol aircraft and super flag attack aircraft of the French Navy. "Flying Fish" missile adopts inertial guidance and active radar guidance. Missiles can be launched from high, medium and low altitude. After the missile was launched, it quickly descended to 15 meters and flew horizontally. When the radar on the missile caught the target, the missile quickly dropped to 2? Fly at an altitude of 8 meters until you hit the target.

During the Iran-Iraq war, the Iraqi navy used the "flying fish" missile for the first time and sank three Iranian naval vessels. 1982, the Argentine navy sank the British destroyer Sheffield and the transport ship Daxifang with the flying fish AM39 air-to-ship missile.

What is even more bizarre is that in May 1987, the Iraqi navy mistakenly attacked the American frigate Stark with the flying fish AM39 air-to-ship missile. The fame of "Flying Fish" AM39 air-to-ship missile shocked the world for some time.