A complete collection of 40 photographic terms

A complete collection of 40 photographic terms

hole

The aperture is indicated by "f", which is a device used to control the amount of light passing through the lens. If you increase the aperture by one step, the amount of light entering the camera will double, and if you decrease it by one step, the amount of light entering the camera will be halved.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO sensitivity is simply the sensitivity of photosensitive elements to light. The higher the sensitivity, the more sensitive the photosensitive element is to light and the more exposure it has. The higher the sensitivity, the more exposure and the brighter the picture. Conversely, the lower the sensitivity, the darker the picture.

shutter

Shutters are mainly used to control exposure time. Shutters are generally divided into high-speed shutters and slow doors. The faster the shutter speed, the darker the picture, the slower the shutter speed and the brighter the I picture.

depth of field

Simply put, the depth of field refers to the distance from clear to blurred in the picture. The smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field, and the larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field. And the focal length of the lens will also affect the depth of field of the photo. The longer the focal length of the lens, the smaller the depth of field will be.

male

When we press the shutter button/cable release, B will appear on the camera and the shutter will remain open. A tripod is needed for shooting at Gate B. It is often used to shoot night scenes and stars at night.

Exposure; expose

Exposure means "brightness of photos". We need to adjust the camera parameters to control the exposure of photos, mainly adjusting the shutter, light quantity, sensitivity and exposure compensation.

focal distance

The focal length is expressed in mm, usually marked in front of the lens, such as: 50mm/24-70mm, etc. One number means that there is only one focal length, and two numbers mean that the focal length can be changed.

colour temperature

Color temperature is usually expressed by K, and it is mainly used to adjust the color of photos. Generally, the color temperature of natural light will be around 4500 K. The higher the value, the colder the photo will be, and the lower the value, the warmer the photo will be.

electric vehicle

EV is the exposure index of the camera. The exposure is made up of different shutters and apertures, and the exposure achieved by different combinations is the same.

Check the input language

Refers to the automatic exposure control lock, which relies on the function of the automatic exposure lock to determine the part of a person's face that needs to be exposed correctly for spot metering exposure and focusing, and then press the exposure lock button on the camera, and the camera will lock the exposure.

Camera shooting mode

There are Auto, program exposure mode, aperture priority mode (Av or A), shutter priority mode P(Tv or S), manual mode (M) and scene mode. Novices recommend aperture priority/shutter priority mode.

Quan Huafu/Half Frame

Mainly due to the different sizes of photosensitive elements: Quan Huafu's photosensitive elements are 36*24mm, and half-frame cameras are 22.7* 155mm, with different body sizes. Generally, full-frame cameras are larger than half-frame cameras because of the different sizes of photosensitive elements.

Photo saving format

According to the purpose of taking photos and the requirements of post-processing, SLR provides two photo formats: RAW and JPEG. RAW format can keep the shooting parameters unchanged, including details such as exposure color, shadow and highlight. Although the beauty of the straight-out photos in RAW format is not obvious, there is a lot of room in the later stage. JPEG format: The commonly used file storage format is small, but the compression rate is high, which is not suitable for post-photography.

Quick shot

Fast refers to a large aperture lens, such as F 1.8 or F 1.2.

lens flare

It happens when the light source directly illuminates the lens, for example, when it is backlit, a circular halo will appear in the picture, which will increase the atmosphere of the photo.

Out of focus

The original focus when taking pictures changed the position of the original focus. If the picture is blurred, the unclear state is called out of focus.

Shutter delay

If you use a high-speed shutter, pressing the shutter will immediately record the shooting moment. If you shoot with a slow door (for example,115s), the shutter shooting will be delayed, which will take some time to reflect the recorded picture.

Exposure; expose

There are highlights under the chart on the right side of the histogram, and there is not much detail in the white area.

change colour

The lens can't focus all colors on the same point, and it will appear in the area where the dark part and the bright part intersect in the image in the form of color bars, which can be adjusted by PS or LR.

shade cloth

The translucent cloth used to diffuse and soften light can be a shading cloth with a translucent gauze or reflector, or a film cloth. You can make it big and put it in the right place to create shadows.

Common lens terminology

Big ternary: commonly used lens terminology: 2.8 triple zoom lens with constant aperture, big ternary:16-35mm/24-70mm/70-200mm.

Small ternary: three zoom lenses and constant aperture F4.

Nikon ternary: (16-35mm/24-120mm/70-200mm).

Sony ternary: (17-40mm/24-105mm/70-200mm).

Small sputum: (16-35mm/24-70mm/70-200mm).

Dog head: canon EF50mmF/ 1.8 lens.

Mirror Zeiss: At present, Zeiss SLR lenses mainly include Classic. Milvus.otus these three series, but they are all more expensive.

Cookie head: refers to the thin cookie head in the SLR lens, and the maximum aperture is generally only F2.4-2.8.

Lens classification

Macro lens: Macro macro is more suitable for shooting flowers/animals/products. Macro lens: the head can be close to the subject, and the summary can be reproduced by 1 ratio 1.

Marker lens: the general standard lens refers to the lens with a focal length of 50mm, which is close to the distance seen by human eyes and the lens distortion is relatively small. The 35mm focal length lens is also close to the effect seen by human eyes on a half-frame camera.

Fixed focus lens: You can't change the focal length. There is only one focal length. For example, a 50mm lens: f 1.8 is a fixed-focus lens with a focal length of 50.

Zoom lens: the lens can be rotated to change the focal length, such as 24- 105mm or lens: 18-200mm, etc. Both numbers are zoom lenses.

Wide-angle lens: the wide-angle field of view is very wide, and there may be edge distortion (ultra-wide-angle lens): if it becomes wide enough, the image will become round (fisheye).

Telephoto lens: Concert/idol lens, such as 55-250 mm or 70-200 mm ... The focal length is longer than the standard lens, which can enlarge the distant scenery and make the picture close at hand.

Strong light: For example, in the light of noon 12, the photos usually taken under strong light will have a heavy shadow on the face, which is obviously not suitable for shooting.

Soft light: scattered light, such as cloudy or shadowy places, belongs to soft light. This type of light can produce soft shadows, and there will be no shadows on the face.

Ambient light: refers to the light source that appears in the scene without any flash or dimmer. The light source can be sunlight/light or artificial light.

Main light: refers to the main light source of the photo, which may be the main light of sunlight/studio. Under the street lamp/reflector can be used as the main light source.

Fill light: it is the light source next to the main light, which is mainly used to fill the shadow. This can be achieved by using a flash lamp, a reflector, etc.

Illumination mode: This is the way that light directly shines on the face of the subject, so that the face mode will have a specific light and shadow mode.

Reflector: a device used to reflect light, which can fill the subject with light.

Illumination ratio: the ratio of the intensity (brightness) of the main light and the auxiliary light is the difference between the bright shadow and the shadow edge of the subject's face.