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In most texts introducing ancient dwellings in Tengchong and Heshun ancient towns in Yunnan, the "Liujia Courtyard" will be mentioned. But in-depth exploration, most of them are vague. Enter "Liu Jia Courtyard in Heshun Ancient Town" on the map of Gaode, but it is easy to find the red mark of "Liu Jia Courtyard". If you want to find out for yourself, you can go uphill from Yinjiapo in the northwest corner of Yeya Lake and walk along a narrow "middle lane" in the middle of the three-way driveway 100 meter. Looking up, you will see the big horizontal plaque "Listening to the Rain Building" on the roof ahead.

This building, together with the old house on the left, is called the Liu Family Courtyard.

Liu Jia quadrangle is said to be the largest residential quadrangle in the ancient town, covering an area of 65,438+0,300 square meters in the old days. Its architecture is antique and magnificent, and it is called "a model of integrating overseas Chinese culture and China traditional architectural aesthetics", which can also be regarded as a harmonious architectural history and cultural history by interested researchers.

Liu is one of the eight local surnames. Near the Wild Duck Lake, not far from the Liujia Courtyard, there is an exquisite ancient building-Liu Ancestral Hall, which is one of the eight ancestral halls in Heshun, from which we can see Heshun's architecture and folk culture.

According to the investigation, Liu Jia Courtyard was built by Liu Jinzhong and Liu Jinliang brothers in their early years. Liu Jinzhong once did business in Myanmar, founded "Yuheng Cloth Industry" and operated businesses such as cloth and earth, from which he made a fortune. It is well documented that the compound was built in the early years of the Republic of China and completed in 1932. Although it was the Republic of China at that time, there was a big family with roots, and the buildings were mostly modeled after the Qing Dynasty style. As a big family, the compound has both an old house and a yard, which consists of two parts.

The old house has two horizontal courtyards, two on the left and three on the right, which are interconnected. The house is tall and spacious, and consists of a gate, a garden, a hall and a main room. The building materials are unambiguous, and the first-class eucalyptus is used. The window grilles in all parts of the courtyard are the essence, and each door of each courtyard is different, which can be left to the students of the design department of the Academy of Fine Arts to study carefully. Look at the stigma beam, decorated with exquisite wood carvings, beautiful, from the hands of skilled craftsmen.

There are four courtyards in the Liujia Courtyard, each of which is a square patio, built in the pattern of "three rooms and one wall". It is said that its style is more from Huizhou architecture, but it is mixed with western architectural elements. For example, the western flower stand in the house. According to Liu's descendants, the troupe in the "backyard" in those days can be seen from the flower stand, and if a banquet is held, it can reach more than 100 tables.

The stone feet on the wall in the yard are straight and firm, and the stonework is fine. Locals call it "clear water stone feet", and the joints of stones are meticulous and tight, which can be stable for many years without cement. Interestingly, there are still traces of black and white western paintings left by the original owner on the patio wall, which shows the fashion and aesthetics of the ancient town and how the eastern and western cultures were once combined here. Walking in the courtyard is still the elegant taste of China literati, and spearmint is blowing on the face, with a shadow. Liu's descendants did not transform the old house, but kept the quaint and elegant style of the quadrangle.

The clause of the compound is separated from the old house by a wall, shaking hands on both sides of the alley. The blue brick cornice of another courtyard combines Chinese and western, and the building is in front of you. It is said that the plants and trees in the court yard are lush, and when persimmons blossom and bear fruit, they are full of brilliance.

Liu's compound, a word "big", tells the momentum of that year. But then again, "it's very difficult." It is said that it costs a lot of money to maintain such a mansion now. Later generations opened the courtyard to the outside world, so that tourists could visit it with a little tip to make up for the temporary difficulties. Look carefully at the old photos left at that time, the door is inevitably a little cold and a little broken.

In Heshun ancient town, how many such buildings remain to be taken care of? How to protect the outstanding architectural heritage of the ancient town is put forward. This is a headache for everyone. I don't know how many seminars have been held and experts have countless suggestions, but who will answer this question in the end?

Perhaps it is a turning point that the Liu compound should encounter. In recent years, Mr. Liu, a Hong Kong collector, wanted to find a livable place, and the shadow of a century-old house suddenly appeared in his mind. North and South at home and abroad, looking everywhere. Finally, Tengchong Heshun entered his journey.

What I like is the climate and environment here. Once integrated, the simplicity and elegance of the town are not lacking in human fireworks, but even more charming. Through the streets and alleys, after many comparisons, the "Liu Family Courtyard" fell from the sky like a meteorite. Coincidentally, this is another "Liu's descendants", and now they meet Liu's courtyard.

Liu said that "harmony" in harmony, "harmony" in harmony, and "harmony" and "harmony" in the couplet "One door and three lanes lead to harmony" from Yinjiapo. Isn't it a lucky number?

In this way, Liu negotiated with Liu's descendants and rented the Liu courtyard. He said, one is personal preference, and the other is what story can this ancient building tell?

Maybe I want to answer the question of how to protect old buildings. He began to rebuild his old house. After all, he is a collector, repairing the old as before. But his old age is to make the old house glow. The century-old plaques, couplets and stone carvings he collected from all over the world are circuitous and embellished, and the place where he put pen to paper is hidden.

How to endow old houses with new functions and missions? Liu remembered the three words "harmony" that were predestined friends with him and founded Sanhe Art Museum.

He slightly transformed another courtyard and built it into a modern art museum with a traditional appearance. There are three exhibition halls on the first floor, which can display small art exhibitions; A patio can arrange small activities, such as dialogues, lectures and even artists' performances. On the second floor is the artist center, which has several rooms and accepts artists' permanent creation.

There are cafes and bars on the third floor, commanding and breezy. You can meditate, or you can look at the scenery of the ancient town and the hazy distant mountains. He hung a horizontal plaque "Listening to the Rain Building" upstairs, which is his inner scenery.

There will be an exhibition in the art gallery. Interestingly, perhaps to match the museum's modern style, the first exhibition, in cooperation with Guangdong Art Photography Society, arranged a modern style photography exhibition shot by Guangdong photographer Yang Heping, the main content of which was "Cafes and Bookstores in Paris Old Street". The black-and-white photos behind the wall are in sharp contrast with the simplicity outside the exhibition hall, which makes the tourists passing by the alley find out, "Hey? Is there such a fashionable exhibition in Heshun Ancient Town? "

The first exhibition opened on 20021has a sudden change of "painting style", which is considered as a "dramatic effect" deliberately arranged by Liu. It's the exhibition "Qi Hong Suddenly" by the painter Qi Hong. Chinese painting and line drawing are the same color. Qi Hong, a painter who graduated from the mural department of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, has a solid foundation and enjoys an international reputation for his paintings. He has been attached to horses since he was a child and writes freely. On closer inspection, the picture is thought-provoking, full of his personal stories.

Liu said that the art museum is based on the local area and faces the world. I hope to make Tengchong and Heshun an influential cultural landmark and brand. He intends to regularly exhibit the works of domestic and foreign artists in the future, and organize various cultural and artistic exhibitions and share and exchange activities. At the same time, collect and represent artists' works, and promote the exchange and transaction of artworks.

There is another beauty in the Liu family courtyard. Entering the old house and stepping on the narrow stairs, the second floor is the "Ancient Jade Museum".

The feeling of stepping on the floor reminds me of the century-old houses I walked through in Germany. The wooden floor creaks, the beams overhead crisscross, and the outdoor light falls into the room through the chic window grilles. In the indoor showcase, Liu's collection is there. These ancient jade and various literary plays from the Neolithic Age to the late Qing Dynasty are unpretentious and silent in the spotlight, but they show their former glory. Some brilliant, it is needless to say.

Liu said that the museum has not been officially opened to the public, and a lot of work is still being done, but someone has made an appointment to visit it.

Not far from the middle lane, it is Li Jiaxiang. Although the middle lane is narrow, it is a main passage from the Wild Duck Lake to the town. It passes through the old house and the other courtyard of the Liu Family Courtyard and turns right at the "Be there or be square" cafe, which is a lively lane. Here, restaurants, cafes, teahouses and various boutiques are arranged one after another, and there is also a market in the morning. Life is harmonious and colorful.

In Heshun ancient town, many old buildings have been transformed into inns and homestays, and century-old teahouses and pubs are also welcoming its tea guests from afar.

Things are like chess. It may be difficult to predict the future of Liu's courtyard in a few words, but Liu, with his own strength, used Sanhe Art Museum as the flag in the renovation and utilization of old buildings in the ancient town, but at least it added a lot of color to the cultural flag of the ancient town. It is known that artists from Beijing, Guangzhou, Wuhan and all over the country responded to the call, or exhibited or created, and became their exhibition and creation bases. There are even singers, recitation artists and guqin performers performing in the museum. The shaping power of culture is not temporary, but also the influence of creating a place all the time. From this point of view, the story of the Liu Family Courtyard, even if it is an attempt, can not but be said to be a valuable "experiment" in the transformation of ancient villages in ancient towns.

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