About the wide-angle and telephoto cameras, thank you

Wide angle

Pinyin: guang∨ jiao∨

Refers to the wide-angle lens for photography.

Wide-angle lens is a type of lens with a wider angle of view and shorter focal length than ordinary lenses. It is used to shoot objects with a large area.

The focal length of a wide-angle lens is generally 38-24 mm, and the viewing angle is 60-84 degrees. The focal length of an ultra-wide-angle lens is 20-13 mm, and the viewing angle is 94-118 degrees.

Due to the The focal length is short and the viewing angle is large, so a larger area of ??scenery can be captured within a short shooting distance. Therefore, it is widely used in shooting large-scale style photography. In photography creation, using a wide-angle lens to shoot can achieve the following effects:

Firstly, it can increase the spatial depth of the photographic image.

Second, the depth of field is long, which ensures that the scenery before and after the subject can be clearly reproduced on the screen. Therefore, the vast majority of modern compact automatic cameras (commonly known as point-and-shoot cameras) use ordinary wide-angle lenses of 38-35 mm.

3. The lens covers a large area and can capture a wide range of scenery.

4. The scene captured at the same shooting distance has a smaller image in the frame than the scene captured using a standard lens. 5. It is easy to cause perspective deformation and image distortion in the picture. The shorter the focal length of the lens and the closer the shooting distance, the more obvious this defect will be.

Telephoto lens

Telephoto lens refers to a photography lens that has a longer focal length than a standard lens. Long focal length lenses are divided into two categories: ordinary telephoto lenses and super telephoto lenses. The focal length of an ordinary telephoto lens is close to that of a standard lens, while the focal length of a super telephoto lens is much longer than that of a standard lens. Taking the 135 camera as an example, the photography lens with a focal length from 85 mm to 300 mm is an ordinary telephoto lens, and the one with a focal length of 300 mm or more is a super telephoto lens.

Telephoto lenses can be divided into three types according to their light group structures: general telephoto lenses, inverted telephoto lenses and reflective telephoto lenses.

Shooting with a long focal length lens has the following characteristics:

First, the viewing angle is small. Therefore, the spatial range of the scene being photographed is also small. At the same shooting distance, the image captured is larger than the standard lens, which is suitable for photographing the details of distant scenery and photographing subjects that are not easily accessible.

The second is the short depth of field. Therefore, the subject in a cluttered environment can be highlighted. However, it brings certain difficulties to precise focus adjustment. If the focus adjustment is slightly inaccurate when shooting, the subject will be blurred.

Third, the perspective effect is poor. This kind of lens has the characteristics of obviously compressing the depth of space and exaggerating the background.

When a long focal length lens is used, it is generally used to shoot distant scenery. Due to the influence of air absorption and diffuse scattering of light. Therefore, the contrast of the captured image is small, and the extinction of dust particles is serious. It is not easy to achieve very precise focusing. When shooting with a super telephoto lens of over 300 mm, it is difficult to focus light of various colors on one point, thus causing subspectral problems. Based on the above situation, sometimes the imaging quality of the captured works is not high.

Although the use of long focal length lenses is affected by many factors, its advantages are the main ones. When shooting scenery and people, travel photography, and portrait photography from a long distance (when taking standard photos for ID cards, use an ordinary telephoto lens of about 100 mm to reduce image distortion. If you use a 105 mm lens, the effect will be best. ), take photos of stages, sports games, etc. in the stands, take photos of animals in zoos, take photos of animals in the wild, add an auxiliary lens for close-up shots, etc. In these many fields, it is everywhere it comes into play.

When shooting with a long focal length lens, generally use fast photosensitive film and a fast shutter. If you use a 200 mm long focal length lens to shoot, the shutter speed should be above 1/250 seconds to prevent the camera from being damaged when shooting with a handheld camera. Vibration causes blurry images. In general shooting, in order to keep the camera stable, it is best to fix the camera on a tripod.

Super telephoto lenses are generally used only under special circumstances. Do not use an ordinary tripod to fix the camera. Otherwise, the overweight lens will damage the camera base fixed on the tripod. Therefore, you must use a tripod that can support the lens bracket to fix the camera. If there is no such special tripod, you can use two tripods to fix it, one to fix the camera body, and the other to fix and support the super telephoto lens. It is best to use film faster than ISO400/27 degrees to ensure sufficient shutter speed.