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Information about Han Feizi?
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572020-05- 12
Is there any information about Han Feizi?
Han Feizi is a representative work of Legalists, with 20 volumes in total. Han Fei (about 280 ~ 233 BC), a Korean in the Warring States period, was the son of North Korea. In Xunzi, he and Li Si both like the study of the name of punishment and magic, and they are the representatives of Legalism. The book consists of fifty-five independent essays, most of which are from Han Fei. Except for a few articles, the title of each article shows the main idea of the article. The core of his theory is the combination of law, technique and potential based on absolute monarchy, and he upholds the evolutionary view of history, advocates extreme utilitarianism, thinks that people focus on interests, supplemented by benevolent education, and emphasizes the rule of law and employing people, which has had a great impact on the establishment of China's feudal social system after Qin and Han Dynasties. This book is unique among the pre-Qin philosophers, with sharp thoughts, sharp words, strict logic and good use of fables. After sorting out his fables, he compiled them into various fables such as Inside and Outside the Storage, Talking about the Forest, Yu Lao and Ten Years. Shi Zi, Han Fei stutters, is not good at talking and is good at writing books. As a result, in the Qin Dynasty, he was victimized by the slanderous remarks of Li Si and other classmates, was jailed and committed suicide by taking poison. Sima Qian said that "Han Fei was imprisoned in Qin", saying that it was difficult and "lonely and angry". "Han Fei's eloquence is not good, but his writing is turbulent. The language is concise and lively. When Han Fei was taciturn, when his classmates were plotting against him, he had more time and opportunities to observe the society coldly and sharply. The smell was unbearable to outsiders! After reading this book, I know the meaning of Sima, the words of Hanshu, and the "ruthless" rule of law. What is it! Among the annotations of Everything is Wrong, there are Wang Xianshen's Collection of Everything is Wrong in Qing Dynasty, Liang Qixiong's Simple Explanation of Everything is Wrong and Chen Qiyou's Collection of Everything is Wrong. According to the "four series". Han Feizi was compiled by later generations after Han Fei's death. According to the Records of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, there are 55 articles in Zi Han, 20 volumes in Annals of Sui Shu, and seven records of Ruan Xiaoxu (or seven records of Liu Xiang) quoted by Zhang Shoujie in Historical Justice, which is also called Twenty Volumes of Everything is done wrong. "The number of articles and volumes are consistent with this edition, indicating that this edition is not incomplete. Han Feizi has been divided into two series since the Song Dynasty. The ancestor of the first series is a Fujian print in the first year of the Southern Song Dynasty. This engraving of the Song Dynasty no longer exists today, but there are still several notes based on it in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This department has two branches. The first is Zhao Yongxian's Guan Han He Ke system, which is based on the Song version and corrected according to other versions. It is different from the original printed version and later printed version. This branch also includes the publishing of Huang Ce, Wu Mianxue, Ling Lingchu, Shen and Zhao Ruyuan. The other is the imitation of Song by Wu Yun in Qing Dynasty, which was carved directly according to the original image of the main road in Song Dynasty. There is also a copy of Twenty-two Sons, which is collated and engraved according to Wu Nai's version. The second ancestor should also be a Song version. This version was divided into two branches in the Yuan Dynasty. The existing first edition is Ming Dow Zang, which is republished according to Song Daozang. Later, it was carved by Ming Jiajing, Zhang and Ming Yan Shitai. The difference between the second one and the first one is that all the small notes in the first one have been deleted. It was originally based on the school of Yuhe in the Yuan Dynasty, but the Yuan engraving no longer exists. Judging from this expenditure, it is the revised edition of Hanziyou's Review in 1907 and 1901, as well as several reprints of these two books. There are still abridged versions of Han Feizi in Ming Dynasty, so I won't repeat them here. Since the Qing Dynasty, Lu, Gu Guangqi, Wang Niansun, Yu Yue and Sun Yirang have compiled this book. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Xianshen summed up the achievements of the Qing Dynasty with "Collected Solutions of Han Feizi". In the 1920s, Chen Qitian wrote A Revision of Han Feizi (updated twice in Taiwan Province Province after 1950s, and then refined). In addition, Chen Qiyou also collected the interpretation of Everything is done wrong (which has changed in recent years).
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Who can provide information about Han Feizi?
At the end of the Warring States period, Koreans were the representatives of Legalists. Taking Xunzi as a teacher, he was born stuttering and good at writing articles. He wrote a letter to the king of Korea, but it was not adopted. He wrote books such as Lonely Anger. The king of Qin saw his works and wanted to see him. Later, he attacked South Korea and asked Han Fei to go to Qin. Han Fei came to Qin to be valued, and Reese knew that he was inferior. He advised the king of Qin that Han was not Qin and Han Fei was next.
Browse 15922020-03-3 1.
Hanfeizi data
Han Feizi (about 280- 233 BC), South Korea at the end of the Warring States Period (now Xinzheng, Henan, belonging to Zhengzhou; Zheng Han, a Han nationality in Xinzheng, Henan Province, is a famous philosopher, thinker, essayist and legalist in ancient China. He is known as "Han Feizi" in the world. Han Fei was originally a North Korean aristocrat, who followed Gou Jian with Li Sishi. Han Fei stuttered, but he was good at writing. He inherited and developed Xunzi's magical thought. At the same time, he absorbed his previous legalist theory, compared the gains and losses of political reform in various countries, and put forward the theory of "emphasizing law" and combining law, technique and potential, which is a great achievement of legalist thought. Han Fei wrote to the king of Korea many times, asking him to reform strongly, but it didn't work. Instead, he got angry and wrote a book for Wenda. The king of Qin admired his name, and Han's suicide note invited him to the State of Qin. Han Fei's thoughts were reused by Qin Shihuang. His legalist theory provided a theoretical basis for the birth of the first unified and autocratic centralized state in China. Han Fei was falsely injured by Reese and Yao Jia in Qin State and died in prison. There are fifty-five articles by Han Feizi today. [Edit this paragraph] was born in Zhou Nanwang in the thirty-fifth year and died in the fourteenth year of Qin Shihuang. During the Warring States Period, a Korean was born in a noble family and was the son of Han Wangxie. He stutters and is not good at talking, but he is good at writing. Han Fei and Li Si are both students in Xun Qing. He is well-read and versatile, so he learns from Superman. Li Si thinks himself inferior. He is also a representative of Legalism. Although Han Fei studied under Xun Qing, his thoughts were quite different from those of Xun Qing. He didn't inherit Confucianism. Under the new situation at the end of the Warring States period, he complied with the needs of the development of the times, but at the same time, he "liked the learning of punishment and magic" and "returned to Huang Lao". He inherited and developed the legalist thought and became a master of legalism at the end of the Warring States period. Han Fei was born in a world of seven countries' disputes. Among the seven belligerents, South Korea is the weakest country. He witnessed the decline of South Korea and wrote to the king of South Korea many times to persuade him to make great efforts to reform the country, but he turned a deaf ear and never adopted it. This made him lonely, pessimistic and disappointed. He explored the road from observing the changes of past gains and losses, and wrote works of more than 100,000 words, such as Lonely Anger, Five Mistakes, Internal and External Existence, Talking about Forests and Talking about Difficulties. , comprehensively and systematically expounded his thought of the rule of law, and expressed his lonely and straightforward resentment. These works spread to the state of Qin. After Qin Shihuang saw Indignation and Wu Shu, he praised them and said, "Hey! I want to see this man swimming with it, and I will never hate it. It can be said that it is incomparable admiration and admiration. But Qin Shihuang didn't know who wrote these two articles, so he asked Li Si, who told him that these two articles were Han Fei's works. In order to meet Han Fei, Qin Shihuang urgently ordered an attack on South Korea. Wang Han had not appointed Han Fei. In an emergency, he sent Han Fei to Qin. Qin Shihuang was very happy to see Han Fei, but he was not trusted and reused. Han Fei wrote to advise Qin Shihuang to cut Zhao first and slow down North Korea, which was slandered by Li Si and Li Si. They slandered and said, "Han Fei is also the son of Han. Today, the king wants to be a vassal, but he will not be a Han or A Qin. This person's love is also. Today, the king doesn't need it, but he stayed for a long time and came back. It is best to punish him by law. " Qin Shihuang believed it, so he handed Han Fei over to the judge for trial. Reese sent someone to send poison to Han Fei to commit suicide. Han Fei wanted to tell Qin Shihuang about himself, but he couldn't see him. Qin Shihuang later felt remorse and was forgiven. Han Fei is dead. (See Biography of Lao Fei in Historical Records) Since then, his unjust life has ended.
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Urgently asking for information about Han Feizi?
Han Feizi (280- 233 BC) was a famous philosopher, legalist and essayist in China during the Warring States Period (275- 22 BC1). South Korea at the end of the Warring States period (now Xinzheng, Henan; Zheng Han's old country is now Xinzheng, Henan. Originally a North Korean aristocrat, he studied under Gou Jian Lisi. Stuttering He inherited and developed Xunzi's magical thought, and at the same time absorbed his previous legalist theory, becoming a master of legalism. Many times, I wrote to the king of Korea asking for political reform, but it was useless. Instead, I got angry and wrote a book for Wenda. The king of Qin admired his name, and Han's suicide note invited him to the State of Qin. During the Qin Dynasty, Reese and Yao Jia were framed and died in prison. Comparing the gains and losses of political reforms in various countries, this paper puts forward the theory of combining "emphasizing law" with law, technique and potential, which embodies the thought of legalists. There are fifty-five articles by Han Feizi today. His legalist theory provided a theoretical basis for the birth of the first unified and autocratic centralized state in China. Biography: Born in Zhou Nanwang in 35 years, he died in 14 years of Qin Shihuang. During the Warring States period, he was a Korean, born in a famous family, and was a collateral son of South Korea. He stutters and is not good at talking, but he is good at writing. Han Fei and Li Si are both students in Xun Qing. He is well-read and versatile, so he learns from Superman. Li Si thinks himself inferior. Although Han Fei studied under Xun Qing, his thoughts were quite different from those of Xun Qing. He didn't inherit Confucianism. Under the new situation at the end of the Warring States period, he complied with the needs of the times, but he also "liked the study of punishment names" and "rooted in Huang Lao", inherited and developed the legalist thought and became a master of legalists at the end of the Warring States period. Han Fei was born in a world of seven countries' disputes. Among the seven belligerents, South Korea is the weakest country. He witnessed the decline of South Korea and wrote to the king of South Korea many times to persuade him to make great efforts to reform the country, but he turned a deaf ear and never adopted it. This made him lonely, pessimistic and disappointed. He explored the road from observing the changes of past gains and losses, and wrote works of more than 100,000 words, such as Lonely Anger, Five Mistakes, Internal and External Existence, Talking about Forests and Talking about Difficulties. , comprehensively and systematically expounded his thought of the rule of law, and expressed his lonely and straightforward resentment. These works spread to the state of Qin. After Qin Shihuang saw Indignation and Wu Shu, he praised them and said, "Hey! I want to see this man swimming with it, and I will never hate it. It can be said that it is incomparable admiration and admiration. But Qin Shihuang didn't know who wrote these two articles, so he asked Li Si, who told him that these two articles were Han Fei's works. In order to meet Han Fei, Qin Shihuang urgently ordered an attack on South Korea. Wang Han had not appointed Han Fei. In an emergency, he sent Han Fei to Qin. Qin Shihuang was very happy to see Han Fei, but he was not trusted and reused. Han Fei wrote to advise Qin Shihuang to cut Zhao first and slow down North Korea, which was slandered by Li Si and Li Si. They slandered and said, "Han Fei is also the son of Han. Today, the king wants to be a vassal, but he will not be a Han or A Qin. This person's love is also. Today, the king doesn't need it, but he stayed for a long time and came back. It is best to punish him by law. " Qin Shihuang believed it, so he handed Han Fei over to the judge for trial. Reese sent someone to send poison to Han Fei to commit suicide. Han Fei wanted to tell Qin Shihuang about himself, but he couldn't see him. Qin Shihuang later felt remorse and was forgiven. Han Fei is dead. (See Biography of Lao Fei in Historical Records) Since then, his unjust life has ended.
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On Han Feizi's Thought
Introduction to Legalism Legalism is the most important school among the pre-Qin philosophers. They are famous for advocating the "rule of law" of "ruling the country according to law" and put forward a set of theories and methods. This provided an effective theoretical basis for the later establishment of the centralized Qin Dynasty. The later Han Dynasty inherited the centralization of authority and legal system of the Qin Dynasty and was the political and legal subject of the ancient feudal society in China. Legalists have made great contributions to jurisprudence, and made fruitful discussions on the origin, essence and function of law and the relationship between law and social economy, requirements of the times, state power, ethics, customs, natural environment, population and human nature. But legalists also have shortcomings. For example, it exaggerates the role of the law, emphasizes the use of heavy punishment to govern the country, and "punishes punishment with punishment", and also imposes heavy penalties on misdemeanors and superstitious about the role of the law. They believe that human nature is to pursue interests, and there is no moral standard, so we should use interests and honors to induce people to do it. For example, in the war, high rewards are given for meritorious service, including official positions, so as to motivate soldiers and generals to fight bravely together. This may be one of the reasons for Qin Jun's strong fighting capacity. The role of Legalists in destroying the six countries and unifying China should be affirmed, although there are still some shortcomings. Legalists' thoughts are summarized as follows: Oppose the ritual system Legalists attach importance to the law and oppose the Confucian "ritual". In their view, the emerging landlord class at that time opposed the hereditary privilege of monopolizing economic and political interests by nobles and demanded private ownership of land, which was a fair and correct proposition. The etiquette system of maintaining aristocratic privileges is backward and unfair. The first function of law is to "resolve disputes", that is, to clarify the ownership of things. Shen Dao, one of the legalists, made a very simple analogy: "A rabbit went and a hundred people chased it. Accumulate rabbits in the market and ignore them. No rabbits, no arguments. " A rabbit ran away, and many people chased it, but they didn't look at so many rabbits in the market. It's not that you don't want rabbits, but that the ownership has been determined and you can't argue any more, otherwise you will violate the law and be punished. The second function is to "make meritorious deeds and fear violence", that is, to encourage people to make meritorious deeds and make those who are lawless feel afraid. The ultimate goal of prosperity is to make Qiang Bing rich and win the war of annexation. Legalists believe that all people have the nature of "loving and hating others" or "avoiding harm for profit". As Guan said, a businessman runs around day and night, driving thousands of miles doesn't feel far, because interests attract him ahead. Fishermen are not afraid of difficulties and dangers, and they don't care if they sail against the current for a hundred miles. It is also the pursuit of fishing interests. Based on the same idea, Shang Yang came to the conclusion: "There are likes and dislikes in life, so the people can cure them." Legalists with the historical view of "violating the past and not following the present" oppose conservative retro thinking and advocate determined reform. They believe that history is developing forward, and all laws and systems should develop with the development of history, neither retrogressive nor conformist. Shang Yang clearly put forward the idea of "violating the past and not following the present". Han Fei further developed Shang Yang's proposition that "time-shifting chaos is difficult to cure", and he satirized the conservative Confucianism as a fool waiting for him. Shang Yang, Shen Dao and Shen Buhai advocated attaching importance to law, power and skill respectively, each with its own characteristics. When Han Fei, a master of legalism, put forward the idea of combining the three closely. Law refers to perfecting the legal system, and potential refers to the power of the monarch, and it is necessary to monopolize the military and political power. Art refers to the strategies and means of controlling ministers, mastering political power and enforcing laws and regulations. It is mainly to detect and prevent the crime of rebellion and maintain the status of the monarch. Legalist thought is fundamentally different from the form of democracy and rule of law that we advocate now. The biggest thing is that legalists strongly advocate the centralization of monarchy, and it is absolute. Pay attention to this. We can selectively learn and make use of other legalist ideas.
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