General steps and rules of light distribution

General steps and rules of lighting in the studio | 5uy]! W! }

Studio lighting is not like natural light. Photographers can use skillful lighting techniques to create wonderful lighting effects according to their subjective ideas and performance needs. However, due to the subjective randomness of the lighting in the studio, on the one hand, it can make the photographer exert the effect of lighting to the extreme, on the other hand, it increases the difficulty of lighting. In order to improve the effect and speed of light distribution, the following steps and rules should be followed in general. Ningguang blog vd@v*hf6}

Ningguang blog #Y1N} d N6n

1. Determine the main light) Y7H%k*]3MMa5h%e

The main light is the dominant light source, which determines the main tone of the picture. In cloth lighting, only when the main light is determined can it be meaningful to add auxiliary light, background light and contour light. In the process of determining the main light, we should systematically consider the brightness, intensity, coverage and distance to the subject according to the modeling characteristics, texture performance, light and shade distribution and the separation between the subject and the background of the subject.

)X w.i& {gXZP R Generally, for most shooting subjects, soft lights, such as reflective umbrellas, soft lights and fog lights, are selected as the main light. Direct floodlights and spotlights are seldom used as the main light, unless the picture needs them to bring a strong contrast effect. The main light of Ningguang Blog {)p$r-a$si

is usually higher than the subject, because the most comfortable and natural lighting is usually the light effect of simulating natural light. If the main light is too low, the subject will form abnormal bottom light illumination, while if the main light is too high, it will form top light, which will make the contrast between the side surface and the top surface of the subject larger. Ningguang blog, d3vxlq.f

Ningguang blog MG sr [7vj

2. Adding auxiliary light 2b2\R%{$yI:O The illumination of the main light will make the subject shadow unless the photographic picture needs strong contrast. Generally, in order to improve the level and tone of the shadow surface, auxiliary light should be added when lighting. _K6Z*_ h:n#{E

The auxiliary light is usually soft light, and its light level is usually on the opposite side of the main light. When adding auxiliary light, we should pay attention to controlling the light ratio. The appropriate light ratio is usually between 1: 3 and 1: 6, which should be smaller for shallow subjects and larger for deep objects. When adding auxiliary light, we should also pay attention to avoid too strong auxiliary light, which is easy to cause light clamping and produce redundant and awkward shadows. In order to control redundant shadows, in addition to making the intensity of auxiliary light weaker than the main light, sometimes the method of appropriately lowering the light level or making the auxiliary light as close as possible to the aircraft seat is often adopted to project the projection to the rear of the subject. Ningguang Blog Q 'c8D5H @&; [

according to the needs of the picture effect, there can be one or more auxiliary lights. When using all kinds of lamps as auxiliary light, don't forget to use reflector as much as possible, which can often produce unexpected good results. Ningguang blog 4 ~ 3frdc.sdv * s/~ 9mw

* x7h @ 3o8kp &; ~1m3. Set the background light

*? f; Z; gs:C; The main function of ~*e background is to set off the subject or render the atmosphere. Therefore, when dealing with background light, we should pay attention to both contrast and harmony. Ningguang blog ~)_,[)g$Y

When shooting small objects, it is often difficult to light the background alone because the subject is very close to the background. At this time, the main light doubles as the background light. In the specific control of the ratio of main light to background light, it can be controlled by selecting appropriate lamp distance, orientation and illumination range, or shielded by various translucent diffusers or opaque shading objects at appropriate positions on the axis of main light and background to obtain appropriate brightness.

P:X1dX)j,Jx When the subject is large and there is enough distance between the subject and the background, the background can be illuminated separately. Background light generally does not interfere with the light distribution of the main body, and it is easy to control the coverage, brightness and uniformity of the background light. In the specific lighting process, we should pay special attention to whether there will be a phenomenon of "merging" in the part where the brightness of the subject and the background is similar, or whether the illumination of the center and the surrounding areas of a large-area background with uniform brightness is really uniform. In these two cases, don't trust your own visual inspection too much. It is best to use exposure meter for serious detection, because the human eye is often insensitive to small changes in brightness, but the film will faithfully record them. In addition, it should be understood that the background light of high-profile or low-key photos often taken is not as bright as we think or as dark as possible. If the background brightness is too strong, the diffused light will not only make the lens glare easily, but also affect the light efficiency of the subject. It is not necessary to control the background too dark when taking low-key photos. Generally speaking, it is appropriate to control the background brightness to be one EV higher than the brightest part of the subject when taking high-profile photos, and to control the background brightness to be one EV lower than the darkest part of the subject when taking low-profile photos.

2n (w+u.tqbqj

bps: hlpp2 _ 4. The main function of adding profile light

% i sfex: v * k profile light is to give the subject a bright outline, so that the subject can be separated from the background. Profile light is usually projected from the upper back or side of the background, and the light level is generally one, but sometimes two or more can be used as needed. Profile light usually uses spotlight, which is strong and hard, and often produces a strong projection on the screen. Therefore, these messy projections must be weakened or eliminated when the profile light is distributed. To eliminate or weaken these projections, in addition to adjusting the lamp position, sometimes skillfully projecting the profile light with the help of reflectors will have unexpected effects. When distributing the profile light, we should also pay attention to the light ratio between the profile light and the main light. Usually, the profile light is brighter than the main light. In addition, we should choose hard light or soft light as the profile light according to the needs of the subject. There are usually two ways to obtain soft light. One is to put umbrella lights and soft light lights as close as possible to the subject, so as to make the brightness of profile light higher than the main light, but it is often difficult to do so. The other method is simple, and the light can be softened only by using the diffuser in the spotlight. One thing should be clear, contour light is not the necessary light for every picture, it should be added only when the picture needs it, otherwise, it will feel superfluous.