The fifth episode of Tab Projection Room —— Three common structural principles in movies

The fifth episode of "Tab Projection Room" —— Three common mainstream composition principles in movies

The pull ring is very skillful, and watching movies is very doorway! Hello, I'm Director Liu!

Learn to pull the ring and technically let you go to the movies!

This issue takes you through the composition of the film in detail.

In most cases, photographic composition and camera composition use the same composition rules, but for shooting, the requirements for photographers will be higher, because not only the aesthetic feeling of each picture composition should be guaranteed, but also the real-time adjustment of the camera picture composition during the movement should be considered to ensure that the final picture is what the director needs.

Generally speaking, film composition refers to the combination of dynamic or static objects and modeling elements to be photographed, and a series of organization and placement are carried out in the film picture according to a certain spatial position and time sequence, thus forming a consistent film picture form.

Generally speaking, the composition of a film consists of three parts, namely, subject, companion and environment.

The subject in film composition generally refers to people, which is the main object of description and performance of the picture and is located at the core of the film picture. Companion appears as a foil to the subject, which has a certain relationship with the subject of the picture, while the environmental part of film composition mainly refers to the subject and the companion of the picture, which is divided into two branches: foreground and background.

The subject, foil and environment in a movie picture together constitute a specific picture. With certain shooting techniques and scenes, film composition is formed.

Composition has the talent or preference of every director or individual, but there are still rules and principles to follow.

Good composition in the film not only ensures the beauty of the picture, but also plays a role in explaining the background environment, the relationship between characters and portraying the feelings of characters.

In film photography, the purpose of composition is to highlight the subject, and reasonable composition can help us complete the desired picture and plot. You also need to learn the pull ring to understand the composition of the film.

In this issue, we will use three mainstream composition principles to teach you the common composition skills in movies.

First, the principle of line composition 8 common composition techniques: using lines is basically the most common composition method.

1, linear composition: it can fully express the height and depth of the scene. Most waterfalls and towering trees in the movie are basically composed of straight lines.

? 2. Diagonal composition: convey unbalanced, nervous and dangerous emotions.

? 3. Horizontal line composition: conveys the feeling of calmness, tranquility, comfort and stability. It is often used to photograph the mountains and plains on the lake. Generally speaking, unless it is for the pursuit of special artistic expression, the ground plane or horizontal line is placed in the upper and lower third of the picture.

4. Vertical line composition: Vertical line composition is a composition method that uses linear elements perpendicular to the upper and lower borders of the picture to construct the picture. Vertical line composition generally has the characteristics of towering, straight, solemn and powerful.

? 5. Diagonal composition: straight lines connected diagonally to each other in the picture, so the biggest feature of composition is to arrange the main body on the diagonal, which has a three-dimensional sense, a sense of extension and a sense of movement. Maximize the extensibility of the picture so that the whole will not be unbalanced.

? 6.X-ray composition: The lines and tones in the picture are X-shaped, which has a strong sense of perspective and is conducive to guiding the line of sight to move from the periphery to the center, or the scenery has the characteristics of gradually enlarging from the center to the periphery.

? 7. Composition of the cross: It gives people a sense of stability, seriousness, maturity, mystery and health, because the cross can best remind people of the cross of the church and the Red Cross of the medical department, thus creating a sense of mystery.

? 8. Cross-line composition: Make full use of the picture space, direct the viewer's line of sight to the cross center or outside the picture, make the picture more relaxed, lively and subtle, and use the cross diagonal to let the viewer enjoy the whole picture from multiple directions along the diagonal.

? Second, the principle of geometric figure composition Four common composition skills

? 1, triangle composition method

Triangle composition Triangle composition, also known as pyramid composition, has the characteristics of stability, balance and flexibility, and at the same time, it can give the audience an invisible and powerful sense of internal weight from the visual effect of the picture. The three visual centers are the main positions of the scene, and sometimes the positions of the scene are arranged in a three-point layout to form a stable triangle, which can be a regular triangle, an oblique triangle or an inverted triangle.

Triangle composition has the characteristics of stability, balance but elasticity, and it can also give readers an invisible and powerful impression of internal weight from the visual effect of the picture.

2. Rectangular composition

Being good at finding rectangles in life, being clever and steady will have an artificial sense of harmony. Sometimes we cut the picture into squares, which will have the same effect.

3. Circular composition method

It will visually give people a sense of beauty of rotation, movement and contraction. Setting the center of the circle in the picture as the key point can attract attention.

When using circular composition, if the central symmetry method is combined, it is easy to shoot a composition with better sensory experience. As we all know, circles have no direction. So once the shooting angle changes, the shot circle will be oval, but the irregular quasi-circle can actually present a good composition and aesthetic feeling. However, semicircle, multiple circle and circular composition all belong to circular composition method.

4, irregular shape composition, using different shapes of foreground or background borders, so that the shot picture has different formal beauty.

Third, using the principle of picture balance, six common composition skills

1, three-point composition method: three-point composition refers to dividing the picture into three parts, and each sub-center can be placed together with the main shape. This composition is suitable for multi-modality parallel focus subjects. It can also represent large space, small objects, and vice versa. This composition is vivid and concise. It can be used in different scenes such as close range.

? 2. Nine-grid composition method, that is, well-shaped composition method: that is, the picture is divided into nine grids with "well" lines, and four lines will produce four intersections; Using these intersections, lines and grids to assist composition is the most basic and longest composition method. The length and width are divided into three equal parts, and the intersection of the four lines is the "interesting intersection", which is also the first point that attracts people's attention, that is to say, the most important information will be near these four points.

3. Centripetal composition method: the subject is located in the center of the picture, and the surrounding scenery is in the form of a composition concentrated toward the center, which can strongly lead the line of sight to the subject and play a focusing role, and has the distinctive characteristics of highlighting the subject, but sometimes it will also produce a sense of oppression and embarrassment.

? 4, radiation, divergent composition: take the theme as the core, radiate around, through the content extending around the picture, show the momentum with impact, which can effectively enhance the tension of the picture.

5, central composition, central composition: central composition often puts the main body in the center of the picture, which can highlight the main body. Central composition is often used for close-up of the subject, which can lead the viewer's line of sight to the center of the picture.

? 6. Symmetrical composition: Symmetrical composition refers to the balanced division of the whole picture into two parts, with the greatest characteristics of balance, stability and echo.

Finally, briefly mention the common letter-shaped composition techniques.

A-shaped \C-shaped \O-shaped \V-shaped \S-shaped \W-shaped \X-shaped \L, Z-shaped and other compositions are mostly used in photographic works, and are occasionally used in film and television works, but more advanced composition techniques and higher-order compositions are adopted. In the next issue, we will lead you to learn variations and advanced compositions on this basis.