About the medial knee injury.

Your symptoms are typical meniscus injuries. Usually, this will be accompanied by ligament injury. Fortunately, ligament injury, meniscus may depend on personal injury, and small marginal injury can be repaired. If this is a serious fracture, there will be some trouble. Because of the blood circulation of meniscus, it is usually impossible to repair it by medical suture and surgical resection. There is shark bone powder, a renewable energy source, abroad. But these are minimally invasive operations, so don't be too afraid. Meniscus is about 8 1000-20000, depending on the hospital and the degree of injury, mainly sometimes diseases.

The best convalescent patients of this disease, instead of compulsory exercise in front of thigh muscles, are called quadriceps femoris 4 by doctors to prevent muscle atrophy and secondary meniscus work. After doing sports, I especially like playing basketball. Himself, hehe, hehe, you need more money to go online and search the principle of training quadriceps, which is very simple and easy to understand.

Meniscus injury is usually accompanied by other symptoms, such as common ligament injury, cruciate ligament injury, meniscus cyst, secondary traumatic arthritis and so on.

The following is some information I collected, telling me how to detect some common complications and how to recuperate. You can also collect some information online or consult a doctor. My family, as well as your situation, if it is proved that you are still young, you should recover as soon as possible.

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■■ Meniscus injury

Between the meniscus and the tibial plateau, the femoral condyle acts as a buffer zone, protecting these two articular surfaces and absorbing downward impact, especially when it is excessively flexed or straightened. Simply put, the role of meniscus is to stabilize the diffusion and load of knee joint, thus promoting joint nutrition. It is due to the load-bearing movement of meniscus with stable load and no injury to anterior knee joint for many years.

There is also some activity in the meniscus, and the meniscus of the knee joint stretches backward and develops forward. It is easy to get hurt or even tear in a strong sudden movement. When the knee joint is closed, the femur of the distal tibia is fixed, because sudden excessive rotation of external force will lead to medial meniscus tear. At the same time, the distal femur suddenly rotates outward, and the steel plate of the lateral meniscus also breaks.

[Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of meniscus]

The most obvious trauma history. Acute knee joint pain, swelling and effusion, flexion and extension dysfunction, swelling and effusion can subside automatically after the acute stage, but the joint is still painful during activities, especially when running downstairs, going up and down the slope, squatting and jumping. And the pain is obvious, with severe limping or flexion and extension dysfunction, and some patients have "locking" or snapping phenomenon in their knees.

I suggest you make sure there is no meniscus problem, and the meniscus with multiple injuries is very poor.

Examination methods and clinical significance of meniscus injury

Tenderness of the site,

The tender part is that the pathological diagnosis of meniscus injury on this website is of great significance to determine the injured site. At the time of examination, the knee joint was in a semi-flexion state, and the medial and lateral space of the knee joint was along the upper edge of tibia (that is, the meniscus edge). Press the meniscus injury with your thumb to fix the tenderness point. For example, the reporter passively rotates the knee joint or the inside and outside of the calf at the same time, and the pain is more obvious, and sometimes he will encounter an unusual movable meniscus.

2。 McNamara (mcmurry) test (cyclotron extrusion test)

Patients lie on their backs, check the ankles of their hands and calves, hold their knees with the other hand, bend their hips and knees as much as possible, and then gradually straighten their calves for abduction, external rotation and abduction, internal rotation or adduction, internal rotation or adduction and external rotation. Pain or sound determines whether the damaged part is positive, and according to the pain and sound of the part.

Strong hyperextension or flexion test Strong passive hyperextension or flexion of knee joint, such as anterior meniscus injury, hyperextension can cause pain; Such as meniscus injury, can cause pain, flexion and extension.

4。 Lateral pressure test, knee extension, strong passive adduction or abduction of knee meniscus injury, if any, the involved joint space is painful due to compression.

5。 One leg is heavy, gradually squat from the standing position, and then stand up with one leg squat test. According to the normal squatting or standing posture of the opposite side for half a month, the joint space that can cause pain can not even squat or stand.

6。 The patients in gravity test take the lateral position, raise the knee joint of lower limbs to actively flex and promote activities. When the joint space of the affected side is downward, the pain of meniscus injury is squeezed. Conversely, there is no pain in the joint space of the affected side.

7。 In the grinding test, the patient takes a prone position and the knee joint flexes. Under the pressure of holding the ankle and calf with both hands, while rotating inside and outside, check that the pain caused by meniscus injury is due to compression and abrasion. On the contrary, canceling the promotion activities of calf internal and external rotation is anodyne.

8.X-rays

Camera X-ray examination showed no meniscus injury, but it did not include other bone and joint diseases. The diagnosis of knee arthrography is of little significance, which increases the pain of patients and is not suitable for use.

Arthroscopic knee surgery: arthroscopy can directly observe the intra-articular structure such as the location and type of meniscus injury, which is helpful for the diagnosis of difficult cases.

In short, the diagnosis of meniscus injury is mainly based on medical history and clinical examination. Most patients have a history of trauma, and the affected joint space has fixed pain and pressure energy. Combined with comprehensive analysis, most patients can make a correct diagnosis. Patients with severe trauma should pay attention to check whether there is collateral ligament and cruciate ligament injury. Late cases should pay attention to check whether there is secondary traumatic arthritis.

Thick discoid meniscus is easily damaged, often on both sides. Its main symptom is that joint activities often convey a clear and crisp sound bomb. The lateral meniscus can touch the mass and has tender joint activity. The change of mucus in meniscus injury can produce meniscus cyst, symptoms and joint injury, local mass and obvious elongation.

[Treatment of meniscus injury]

Acute joint cavity effusion (hematocele) should be treated under strict aseptic operation; Combined with the interlocking application technology, take it out and unlock it, and then fix the knee extension plaster model on the ankle joint with 1/34 weeks. Correct plaster cast the patient. During and after fixation, quadriceps femoris should be actively exercised to prevent muscle atrophy.

2。 Non-surgical treatment failed in the chronic stage, with obvious symptoms and signs, and the diagnosis was clear. Early surgical resection of the injured meniscus prevented the occurrence of traumatic arthritis. After operation, press and bandage in knee extension position, 2? For 3 days in a row, rest 4 muscles to contract and practice straight leg lifting exercise to prevent quadriceps muscle atrophy, and start walking two weeks later, usually at 2? Normal function was restored after 3 months.

3。 Meniscus tear's arthroscopic treatment of meniscus marginal tear can be repaired by suture. Usually, the meniscus is partially removed and the whole part remains. Emergency arthroscopy for early suspicion of meniscus injury is feasible, and early treatment of meniscus injury can shorten the course of treatment, improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the occurrence of traumatic arthritis. Arthroscopic surgery has the advantages of less trauma and quick recovery.

Operation of meniscus injury]

When the patient is in the supine position, the doctor first massages the patellar ligament and the lateral wage ligament between the lower edge of the patella until he feels sore.

② Roll the knee joint, patella and quadriceps femoris for about 5 minutes, and then shake the knee joint (flexion and external rotation).

3。 Knees, eyes, knees, Yangguan Ququan and different acupoints on the top of crane are swollen to degrees.

Rub the affected area, with heat penetration as the degree, damp and hot.

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■ Injury of lateral collateral ligament

There are adductor nodules on both sides of the knee joint, which stop at the medial condyle of tibia and the medial collateral ligament of lateral collateral ligament, and the medial collateral ligament ends at the fibular head from the lateral condyle of femur. Complete extension of knee joint, tension of medial and lateral collateral ligaments, and unusual lateral movement to maintain joint stability and control; Flexion of knee joint, relaxation of medial and lateral collateral ligaments, unstable joints and easy injury.

[Causes and types of ligament injury]

Where the knee joint is straight, the excessive abduction of the weight of the knee joint by the violent force on the outside of the knee or calf, and the medial collateral ligament can be partially or completely broken. On the contrary, a violent blow, or excessive weight of the knee joint adducted into the inner side of the knee or calf, partially or completely broke the lateral collateral ligament, causing severe trauma and damaging the lateral collateral ligament, cruciate ligament and meniscus.

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of ligament injury

Generally, there is an obvious history of trauma. The injured side of the knee joint has local pain, swelling and sometimes ecchymosis, which can not completely straighten the knee joint. In tender ligament injury and medial collateral ligament injury, the tender point is often the tender point of the lower edge of lateral femoral epicondyle, femoral condyle or fibula capitulum in medial tibial lateral ligament injury.

Lateral pressure test (separation test):

The knee joint is straight, and the thenar of the palm of the injured ankle joint is held by hand to bear the injury of the medial collateral ligament of the knee joint or the strong adduction or abduction leg. Abduction involves damaged ligaments and causes pain, such as complete fracture and abnormal abduction. Conversely, if the lateral collateral ligament is partially damaged, adduction involves the damaged ligament and causes pain, such as complete rupture and abnormal adduction activity.

X-ray examination:

Under local anesthesia, straighten the knee joint, and take positive X-ray with the above inspection methods. If the lateral collateral ligament is completely broken, the joint space on the affected side is widened.

[Treatment of Ligament Injury]

Injury of fresh lateral collateral ligament

(1) in 150? 160 flexion knee joint fracture, long leg plaster fixation (excluding foot and ankle joint), one week later, 4 ~ 6 weeks later, remove the fixation to practice knee flexion and extension activities, and pay attention to exercise quadriceps femoris plaster walking.

(2) Surgical repair of emergency diseases. The broken ligament was completely broken (Figure 3- 137), and long leg plaster was used for six weeks after operation. Combined with cruciate ligament injury, repair cruciate ligament and lateral collateral ligament. If combined with meniscus injury, remove meniscus injury and then repair damaged ligament.

Old lateral collateral ligament rupture

We should strengthen the exercise of quadriceps femoris to enhance the stability of knee joint. If the knee joint is unstable, it can be reconstructed with tendons and ligaments in the adjacent area. Recently, it was reported that the lateral collateral ligament was reconstructed with carbon fiber, and satisfactory results were obtained.

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■■■■■■ Cruciate ligament injury ■■■■■

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (also called ligaments) in the knee joint (Figure 3- 13 1) start from the front and back of the tibial eminence of the anterior cruciate ligament and exceed the inner surface of the femoral condyle. The posterior cruciate ligament is limited to the lateral femoral ankle, the knee joint and the posterior, anterior and medial straight chains of the tibial eminence or flexion, and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are strained.

Causes and types of cruciate ligament injury

Severe knee hyperextension or abduction can lead to anterior cruciate ligament injury. For example, if an external force acts on the femur from front to back, or the external force hits the upper end of the tibia from back to front, the anterior cruciate ligament may break. Anterior dislocation of knee joint often leads to anterior cruciate ligament injury due to hyperextension, which is inevitable. If excessive abduction can occur at the same time of collateral ligament rupture, anterior cruciate ligament injury with medial meniscus is more common. When the external force hits the upper tibia from front to back, the tibia moves backward, which may cause posterior cruciate ligament damage and even posterior dislocation of the knee joint.

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cruciate ligament injury

Severe pain of knee joint, obvious swelling, joint, flexion and extension movement disorder bleeding.

Drawer test: check that both hands hold the upper leg and bend it 90, fix the femur, and pull the tibia forward or backward. Such as rupture of anterior cruciate ligament, abnormal forward flow of tibia, rupture of posterior cruciate ligament and abnormal backward flow of tibia.

Treatment of cruciate ligament injury

Fresh cruciate ligament rupture

The fracture of cruciate ligament or avulsion fracture of tibial spine is obviously displaced, so it should be repaired early by surgery and fixed with long leg plaster. After 6 weeks, reduction and fixation were performed, and quadriceps femoris exercise was strengthened. There was no bleeding in the displaced joint cavity caused by tibial spine fracture. After the knee extension is fixed, use long leg plaster for four to six weeks to strengthen quadriceps femoris exercise.

2。 Old cruciate ligament rupture

The operative effect of old cruciate ligament rupture is not ideal. We should strengthen the exercise of quadriceps femoris to strengthen the stable combination. If it is unstable, you can consider using the fascia lata of the thigh or part of the tendon in the patella, or the tendon ligament nearby. It has recently been reported that the reconstruction of cruciate ligament and the influence of carbon fiber materials need further observation.

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■■■■■ Precautions for quadriceps exercises and knee joint diseases ■■■■

Any knee joint disease, the atrophy of the first quadriceps (located in the front of the thigh), muscle atrophy, loss of protection and instability of the knee joint will not only aggravate the symptoms, but also be detrimental to the rehabilitation of most knee joint diseases, so patients should be encouraged to do quadriceps exercises. The stability of knee joint can strengthen and improve local blood circulation and metabolism, so as to relieve pain, improve function and promote rehabilitation through exercise.

Training method]

Knee joint pain or swelling and hydrops can be carried out. Proper exercise will not aggravate the symptoms. Has analgesic, repercussive and liquid absorption promoting effects. For example, several training methods are as follows:

Exercise: In sitting or lying position, knees are straight and legs are straight, so you can do repetitive exercise, with a height of 10 cm, which can speed up the frequency, put heavy objects on it and strengthen the physical exercise of ankle joint.

Exercise: stretch your knees and lift your legs in the lateral position to repeat the action.

Exercise: Hold the ball on your knees and squeeze it repeatedly.

(You can search pictures online to teach physical education) [Note:]

Exercise to keep the knee joint in a straight position, lift the knee, and do not stretch, stretch or bend. Specific requirements for foot position. Effusion, or knee pain does not affect work. Keeping your knees straight usually doesn't aggravate the pain. The same exercise should be carried out in the opposite side of limb exercise fatigue, especially in patients with bilateral lesions, in order to minimize the effusion of knee joint when walking and loading.

【 Knee Osteoarthropathy, Matters needing attention in daily life: 】

Suffering from knee osteoarthritis, pay attention in daily life: don't wear high heels or sandals, wear low-heeled shoes and shoelaces, avoid climbing mountains and stairs, avoid walking on uneven roads, soft terrain and cobblestone streets, and travel by bike. The bicycle seat should be raised to reduce the stress of circulating patella, avoid going up stairs, slowly go up and down stairs without elevator to start the contralateral knee for the first time, then the ipsilateral leg, and then avoid walking with load.

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Where is the quadriceps femoris?

Among the quadriceps femoris in front of thigh, quadriceps femoris is very important for the stability and mobility of knee.

Quadriceps contraction training method]

1。 Lie flat on the bed with your legs straight and your hands at your sides. Exercise the quadriceps every time. Stretch (contract) the muscles of the front thigh (quadriceps femoris), at the same time straighten the knee joint as much as possible, keep the thigh as close as possible to the back of the bed surface for 5 seconds, and then relax for 5 seconds. Repeat the exercise on each leg 10 times. The practice of walking on two legs will begin the day after operation. Postoperative pain may affect your practice, but you should keep cooking several times an hour.

2。 Terminal knee extension exercise

This exercise can help you improve your quadriceps. The so-called knee extension movement is to completely straighten the moving knee joint. Lie flat on the bed, put a pillow or blanket under your knees and bend your knees 30 degrees during combat readiness drills? Tighten the quadriceps at 40 and straighten your knees. Lift the heel off the bed for 5 seconds, and then slowly return to the heel bed. Repeat the exercise 10? Twenty times a day.

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The above is all the preventive measures and information I can think of according to your symptoms. You can turn off the cable online by yourself, plus rest at ordinary times. I hope you can get well soon. The first few mentioned that hot compress is also very good, and it can also help soak feet. There are many remedies in folk medicine. You can buy it from local Chinese medicine practitioners, such as saffron and pepper, which are easy to find.