Dali photographer

"Guanzi Herdsmen" once recorded a sentence: "The granary knows etiquette, and food and clothing know honor and disgrace." It means that the granary of the country is full, the people only know etiquette, and the people only feel honor and disgrace and self-esteem when they have plenty of food and clothing. This sentence perfectly explains the importance of national grain reserves, which can affect people's lives and stability. Since grain reserves are the foundation of people's livelihood, the rise and fall of a dynasty is also closely related to it. All previous dynasties have respected this law. In prosperous times, the national treasury is full, and the people have not found a way to live and work in peace and contentment. In famine years, grain depots should be built for emergency use.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the massive outflow of silver, the national treasury was unable to make ends meet, and there was no money to repair the domestic granaries, which led to a decrease in grain storage, which was undoubtedly very unfavorable news for the Qing court. In order to solve this problem, Yan Jingming, then a university student in Dongge, wrote to Empress Dowager Cixi, requesting the reconstruction of large granaries to reserve food supplies in good years. Empress Dowager Cixi also thought it was of great significance, so she allowed Yan Jingming to build a representative granary of the Qing Dynasty in Shaanxi.

After receiving the order, Yan Jingming returned to his hometown in Shaanxi and finally decided to build the granary in Nanzhaizi Village, Chaoyi Town, east of Dali County, Shaanxi Province 17. The granary was built in Guangxu for 8 years and took 4 years to complete. Yan Jingming also specially named it "A Warehouse of Local Conditions". The design concept of "abundant map and one warehouse" is simple and exquisite, which is perfect for the waterproof and fire prevention work of granary. The "Terrace One Warehouse" faces south, with a height of 14.89 meters, a width of 133 meters from east to west and a length of 83 meters from north to south, with a total area of1/0,000 square meters. "Local customs and one warehouse" is surrounded by high walls, and the top of the high walls is paved with blue bricks. Its overall design is not a plane, but a depression with high sides and low middle. Once it rains heavily, no matter how big it is, the rain will gather in the middle along the terrain.

Of course, the rainwater collected in the middle still needs to be discharged. At the lowest point in the middle of the warehouse roof, there is a falling trough that gradually inclines outward, and the rainwater collected by the terrain will flow out along this trough. In other words, there can't be water on top of the barn. This ingenious design avoids the problem that the grain at the top of the granary is damp and moldy due to accumulated water. The design of downcomer is not hasty. The 12 sewer pipes extending from the top of the warehouse all extend from the vault of the female wall to the courtyard, avoiding the corrosion of the wall caused by perennial seepage. The designer of this project makes full use of gravity principle for waterproofing, but the inclined downpipe has a disadvantage. Because the falling point of accumulated water is too high and the inclination angle of the sewer pipe is not gentle enough, the lower part of the sewer pipe may be violently washed. In order to overcome this difficulty, the designer adopted the "slow potential" method to design water. Road, water? The road is a flat and inclined flume, through which the accumulated water will flow smoothly to the hospital.

In the water? Under the terminal of the road, there is also a huge water tank to hold the flowing water and prevent the granary from catching fire. The construction project of "one warehouse with local conditions" was definitely one of the best in China at that time. The perfect waterproof design can even achieve the effect of "dry when the rain stops", and the accumulated water can also prevent fire, which is simply a wonderful work for killing two birds with one stone. After the completion of "Fengtu Yicang", Yan Jingming presented her design drawings to Empress Dowager Cixi at the first time, and found a famous photographer in Beijing to take a panoramic view of "Fengtu Yicang".

After seeing the design drawings and photos, Empress Dowager Cixi praised her design concept for many times, and gave Yan Jingming a big reward. In addition to being happy, Empress Dowager Cixi enthusiastically wrote the words "the first warehouse in the world" for "a fertile land and a warehouse" as a commendation and reward. After so many years and more than one hundred years, the Qing Dynasty has become the ashes of history, but this century-old granary is still well preserved. Surprisingly, it has become an "antique" and is still not "retired". It still continues to be used as a reserve grain depot, and the reserve grain can reach150,000 Jin.

In June 2006, in the list of the sixth batch of national key protected cultural relics published by the State Council, "enriching the map and benefiting Tibet" also changed from provincial-level protected cultural relics to national key protected cultural relics. This also represents that the great historical value of "the first warehouse in the world" has been affirmed, and it also shows that the protection of cultural relics in China has entered a new stage.