Complete collection of photography skills and knowledge of SLR cameras

Complete collection of photography skills and knowledge of SLR cameras

SLR camera photography skills knowledge, I believe that everyone will often see a variety of beautiful scenery in life, we will want to use the camera to record these scenery, but we must learn some skills when using SLR cameras. The following is the knowledge of photography skills of SLR cameras.

Knowledge of SLR camera photography skills 1 ① The basic ethics of photographers-never be an annoying photographer.

1. Use flash carefully-don't use flash at meetings, stages or concerts, because your flash will affect others. When you want to take pictures, it will affect the performance of the people on the stage and other audiences. Secondly, the overhead flash is definitely not enough, because there is such a thing as "flash index"! In addition, it also destroys the light and shadow of your own pictures. Corresponding measures, large aperture, improve ISO!

2. pa. When you suddenly find a situation worth shooting, you might as well record this moment, but when there is a front of a character in your photo, or when the character is the main composition object, you should get the permission of the party concerned, or try not to publish it unless you are a reporter. If the parties don't like being photographed, don't take pictures, which is a kind of disrespect. )

Good photo = skilled camera adjustment+shooting angle+shooting opportunity+good composition+inner thinking+shooting experience.

② "concept" of photography

SLR cameras imitate people's vision, and what you see with your eyes can be accurately restored into photos with SLR cameras and passed on to others, so that they can be there. (personal opinion)

When we pick up the camera to take pictures, the question is in front of us: What do you want to take? Or what do you want to convey through photos, a person, a thing, or a person? The expression of photography is like writing an article. Before you start writing, you must "conceive" your article and create the central idea of an article. Also known as the entertainment center.

It is very important to establish the "intention" of a photo. A careless photo is the same as a "waste". Looking at a photo is like listening to an incoherent person. You can't understand what he really wants to say.

A photo can only be used to explain one thing!

If we try to express many problems in one photo, it can be said that it is a failure. It is also beautiful and interesting to be reluctant to part with many useless elements when composing music. Many beautiful things together lead to the observer's vision drifting away, thus making the "conception" decline.

Painting composition is addition, and simple photographic composition is subtraction. The real photographic composition is to increase information and elements as much as possible without affecting the concept of the picture. Everything depends on the purpose of communication (except for special photography such as photo id or portrait).

③ Basic knowledge

1. Holding the camera in a correct posture can effectively avoid camera shake. Avoid holding it with one hand. When holding with both hands, one hand holds the camera handle and the other hand holds the zoom or focus ring of the lens. Don't put your hands in a straight line, but form an included angle, which is relatively more stable. When holding the camera, the big arm should clamp the body hard. Relax your small arms, or they will shake easily. The two arms are staggered one after the other to form a stable included angle.

2. Use optical viewfinder or EVF viewfinder. Triangular support is the most stable. Use the optical or EVF viewfinder to find the scenery. Try to avoid using LCD to find views. Because of the optical or EVF viewfinder, people's brow bones can be tightly attached to the viewfinder. With the cooperation of hands, a triangular stable support can be formed.

3. Correct standing posture. When shooting, you should step forward. Don't put your feet in a straight line after one foot. In addition, when shooting, the thighs should be tightened and the calves should be relaxed to avoid the foundation shaking affecting stability.

4. Learn to adjust your heartbeat and breathing. Because of heartbeat and breathing, people are actually shaking at any time. But we can take a deep breath to stabilize ourselves, and then exhale and inhale smoothly. Hold your breath when you press the shutter to minimize jitter.

5, learn to press the shutter half. Don't just press the shutter when you see the scene. The stroke of the camera shutter is divided into two steps, that is, the camera starts autofocus and photometry by pressing the shutter half-way, and then it will start by pressing the shutter fully. Otherwise, you can't measure or focus correctly, the image is virtual and the exposure is not accurate. When you press the shutter, it should be smooth and soft.

6. Exposure within the safe shutter time range. (See shutter introduction for details)

7. Try to turn on anti-shake when holding it. When installing the tripod, please turn off the anti-shake to avoid the interference of the anti-shake system.

8. Don't take pictures with your camera bag on your back or something in your hand. If you are exposed for a long time, put down all your equipment, and the extra load will make your body out of balance. It is easy to cause physical fatigue and jitter.

9. Find a stable support. If the shutter speed displayed by the metering value is much longer than the safe shutter speed, and there is no tripod at hand, you can find some stable brackets for emergency shooting. For example, leaning against a tree or a wall is more stable than standing without support. When the exposure time is between 1-3 seconds, you can often get good results by pressing the camera tightly on the bracket with both hands and keeping it stable.

Sometimes, you can put the camera directly on the ground or on the wall to shoot. Its stability is comparable to a tripod. If you are shooting scenery and other objects, you can also put the camera in the camera bag or bean bag to take a selfie. Bean bag is a kind of bag filled with beans or ceramsite, which can be deformed at will and is not easy to wear the camera.

10, make good use of tripods and monopods. The attitude of the tripod to the photographer. The biggest trouble for people who have just started to touch the camera is that the hand holding the camera can't keep steady and shake. Although many cameras have anti-shake function, they can't cope with large jitter. Especially when shooting at night, jitter is more likely to cause inaccurate focus and blurred photos. Besides shooting more and practicing more, shooting with a camera on a tripod is the most reliable.

1 1, make good use of RAW format! If the memory card is large enough for the landscape, use the RAW format. In this way, more light and dark details can be preserved, and it is easier to correct the white balance and tone, which provides the maximum space for post-processing.

④ Aperture

In the lens, there is a circular aperture with variable aperture. This structure is called an aperture. The blades that make up the aperture are called "aperture blades". Theoretically, the more leaves there are, the more natural and rounded Jiao Wai will be. The aperture on the fuselage is usually represented by F-, such as F5.6, F8, F 16. We call it aperture value, or aperture for short. The larger the number, the smaller the aperture.

Figuratively speaking, the aperture is the pupil.

The light is dark, the pupils are dilated, and the amount of light entering increases. The light is strong, the pupil is narrowed, and the amount of light entering is reduced.

The aperture size determines the amount of light passing through per unit time. The greater the value of f, the more light passes through.

Conclusion:

Large aperture, shallow depth of field, blurred background. Under the same conditions, increase the shutter speed (shoot more people) (for example, F 1.8).

Small aperture, deep scenery and clear front and back. Under the same conditions, lower the shutter speed (use more large scenes) (such as F22).

The larger the aperture, the better the imaging quality, but with the increase of aperture, the aberration will increase sharply, resulting in poor imaging quality. In addition, a small aperture will produce diffraction (in digital photography, a small aperture will increase the exposure time and make the image appear noise), which will reduce the image quality. Therefore, the best aperture value is the balance point to avoid the above two phenomena, that is, the maximum aperture value is low 1 to level 2. For example, 50 F 1.8, reduce it to F4 for best definition!

SLR cameras are interchangeable lenses, so it is the best choice to replace adult portrait lenses before taking portraits, such as 50mm fixed-focus lenses, 85mm fixed-focus lenses, 35mm fixed-focus lenses and 70-200mm zoom lenses. Choosing the right lens is the first step in portrait shooting.

When shooting portraits with a SLR camera, you must first set up a SLR camera. When shooting portraits, we choose aperture priority mode or portrait mode. These two shooting modes are very beneficial for us to shoot portraits. We know that portrait photography is the main body and does not need other background or foreground, so we use aperture priority mode and set a large aperture, so that we can shoot the blurred background or foreground, thus highlighting the portrait.

In addition to the setting of SLR camera mode, we also need to set the focus position. Generally speaking, when we shoot portraits, we will focus on the eyes, because the eyes can best express the feelings of the characters, so we set the focus on the eyes of the characters to shoot, so that the portraits we shoot have a strong sense of soul.

In fact, the most important thing in photography is the shooting time. The shooting time is different, so the light used is different. The best time to shoot portraits is in the sunny morning and afternoon, when the light is soft and the portraits taken along the light will appear three-dimensional; If you want to shoot portraits against the light, then the time should be chosen at sunrise and sunset, and the portraits taken at this time are particularly fairy.

SLR camera photography skills knowledge 3 1, photographer

A and m files. If you take a close-up of a person: refer to a still life with moderate sharpness, pay attention to focusing on the eyes or key parts, and make a composition in the center; If you shoot a person with a scene, the middle aperture is F8, the focal length is widest, the composition is three points, and the golden section is the golden section. Iso 100 should be as low as possible and adopt the original format. Pay attention to the correct exposure of the face. Due to insufficient tolerance, other parts are too dark and overexposed, and the curve can be pulled back later. Characters should wear different colors from the background.

Action posture: headache, toothache, stomachache, leg pain, looking up at the sky and overlooking the ground, lonely back, stretching and jumping, etc. You can use the props around you.

2. Still life, flowers, fish and insects

First gear, the aperture should be as large as possible above F5.6, and the focal length should be above 50. Being too close to the subject will blur the background. The light intensity is iso 100 and within iso400. Light mode, center or spot metering, pay attention to focus, use center and contrast composition (leave space around), lower the plane position, squat or raise your head. If the picture is too dark, the exposure compensation should be +0.7EV.

Step 3 take pictures

A and m files. Iso 100 in sunny days, F8 1/200 or so, iso400 in cloudy days, one-step overall metering. Wide angle (distortion), realistic medium focus, and fuzzy cutting space of telephoto. Pay attention to the safety shutter. This paper introduces several filters: UV (ultraviolet filter) to protect lens coating;

CPL (polarizer) can add color and eliminate the reflection on the surface of glass water; ND (medium gray density mirror) can reduce the amount of light entering, delay and beat the water artifact; GND (Medium Gray Gradient Filter) is used to gradually change the colors of the sky in the early stage, including blue, orange, green and gray. If the light ratio is too large (the sky is too bright and the scene is too dark), ensure the normal exposure of the scene, and cover the sky part of the lens with black cardboard for a period of time to reduce the amount of light entering.

Step 4 watch the night scene

M file. Install the tripod to iso 100, otherwise it will be within iso 1600. Customize white balance or incandescent lamp, and turn on noise reduction and raw format.

Small aperture above 1 and F8 (such as F 1 1) will make the light appear starlight, so pay attention to the safety shutter.

2. Clean the scene: extend the exposure time (for example, F22, iso 100, shutter 10-30 seconds), pedestrians can disappear from the picture without leaving any trace, and the reflector is lifted in advance to reduce the vibration of the machine, so as to cover the safety shutter and avoid the influence of stray light behind. The same is true of moving cars and railway tracks.

3. Spot shooting: maximum aperture, farthest focal length, facing the scattered light source, manually focusing to screw out the spot, or focusing on the nearest foreground.

5. Portrait at night

M, portrait file at night. The principle is to collect two exposures (a flash to catch people and a flash to capture the background). On the tripod, or stable adjustment, automatic white balance, iso400 or so. M range: F2.8-8, slow synchronous flash, Hou Lian flash mode. Portrait file at night: parameters need not be adjusted. At this time, the flash will flash twice, press the shutter to flash once, and then flash again before the exposure is over, so people should not leave and shake halfway. You can make the characters clear, the neon background is beautiful, and it is not black.