What are the commonly used lens filter types?

Abstract: lens filter is an accessory installed in front of camera lens. Photographers use various lens filters to change the light or color entering the lens. Different filters will produce different effects, many of which are difficult to copy in post-production. Filters have different sizes according to the aperture of the lens. The most common circular filter size is 77 mm ... Next, let's look at the introduction. Lens filters come in several sizes.

Lens filters have different shapes. At present, the most commonly used lens filter is a circular filter. They are installed directly in front of the lens, and they have different sizes depending on the aperture of the lens. The most common circular filter size is 77 mm.

What is the aperture of the filter?

Filter aperture refers to the aperture of the filter diameter. The filter apertures used in digital cameras are mainly 28mm, 30mm, 37mm, 58mm, 74mm and so on. The aperture of different digital cameras is different, so the aperture of external filter is also different. To some extent, the larger the aperture of the filter, the more light can enter the unit area of a single product in time.

What are the commonly used lens filter types?

1, ultraviolet filter

There is no most commonly used filter, and each lens should be equipped with a lens filter. The ultraviolet filter is transparent. The film era was used to reduce the exposure of ultraviolet rays to film, and now it is mainly used to protect your lens. The price of UV filter is usually very cheap, even if it is damaged, it will not hurt. There are some "powerful" ultraviolet filters, which can effectively reduce the smog in the atmosphere and reduce the purple edge in photos.

2.PL polarizer

There are two kinds of polarizers, also known as polarizers: one is CPL circular polarizer and the other is LPL linear polarizer. SLR cameras do not use LPL, because it will lead to metering errors; We often use CPL, and the main function of polarizer is to reduce the polarized light reaching the camera lens. This can reduce the reflection of non-metallic surfaces. If we take pictures of water, the effect of using polarizer is very good, because it enhances the details of water. When shooting the sky, you can enhance the color of the sky to make it bluer, and at the same time enhance the white of the cloud and improve the contrast. It can also reduce the atmospheric smog and let us get clearer and sharper images when shooting outdoors.

3. Neutral density filter

When the light is very strong, we will use a neutral density filter, which is like putting a pair of sunglasses on the lens, which will reduce the light entering the lens. By reducing the intensity of incident light, we can shoot at a slower shutter speed without producing overexposed images. In this case, if we plan to shoot moving objects such as flowing water, ND filter combined with tripod can produce smooth effect.

4. Gradient neutral density (GND) filter

The lens of the filter has a gradual change from dark to light, that is, the top color is dark and the bottom becomes transparent. In other words, when shooting the sky, the sky is usually very bright and the scenery is dark. This is the use of GND filter, which can keep the exposure of the picture consistent. They are usually square or rectangular, and filter holders are required for use. This filter is suitable for shooting before sunrise or sunset.