Who is Wang Meng?

In the fourth year (365,438+06), the Western Jin Dynasty, which had already been devastated by the Eight Kings Rebellion, perished in the bonfire of the people's uprising and the separatist struggle of the upper classes of all ethnic groups. At about this time, the northern part of China began to fall into the quagmire of sixteen countries' disputes, and the unstable Eastern Jin regime in the south was also in jeopardy. It is in this chaotic and smoke-filled historical picture that two famous ministers and sages appeared. "Wang Meng is the only good man in Guanzhong, and the world looks forward to Xie An", and they left their own wonderful flowers.

[Edit this paragraph] Talking about the world

Wang Meng, whose real name is Jing Lue, was born in Drama County, Beihai County, Qingzhou (now southeast of Shouguang, Shandong Province) in the third year of Taining, Ming Di. Two years before his birth, Qingzhou was attacked by the post-Zhao regime established by Jie, and 30 thousand people died in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. By the time Wang Meng was born, the post-Zhao had swept across the Central Plains and arrived in the south, confronting the Huaihe River in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Shi Hu proclaimed himself emperor after Schleswig-Holstein, and he was a tyrant who was militaristic and murderous. After Zhao took office, the world was not peaceful and the people were miserable. The young Wang Meng moved around with his family and moved to Wei County (now northern Henan and southern Hebei) to live.

Wang Meng is penniless. In order to make a living, young man made a living by selling dustpans. Once, when Wang Mengyuan went to Luoyang to sell goods, he met a man who wanted to buy a dustpan at a high price. The man said he didn't have any money with him and asked Wang Meng to go home with him to get the money. Wang Meng followed the man and ended up in the mountain. He was taken to an old man with handsome hair, surrounded by a waiter. Wang Meng bowed to the old man, who quickly said, "Wang Gong, how can you worship me!" " So the old man bought Wang Meng a dustpan for ten times the price and sent someone to see him off. Looking back, Wang Meng recognized that it was Zhongyue Songshan. This story shows that Wang Meng, a young man, was discovered by people of insight, although he was walking on a muddy road. This old man is probably a hermit. He is far-sighted and pays attention to the wizards who help the world, just like Huang Shigong who Sean met in those years.

Wang Meng was not swallowed up by bonfires and smoke, and was not crushed by the burden of life. In the chaos of the war, he observed the change of the situation; In the bitter wind and rain, he persisted in studying hard and learned all kinds of knowledge, especially military science. Slowly, Wang Meng grew into a handsome, tall and vigorous young man, cautious and solemn, deep and resolute, ambitious and distinguished. He is insulated from trivial matters, and even more disdainful of dealing with dirt and chaff, so he is often looked down upon and laughed at by those shallow and flashy children. Wang Meng, on the other hand, is carefree and goes his own way. On one occasion, he went to Yecheng, the capital of Zhao State (now southwest of Linzhang, Hebei Province), and no one respected him except Xu Tong, a "learned man". When Xu Tong was an official in the post-Zhao Dynasty, he was invited to be a gongcao (the general manager of the county magistrate or magistrate was in charge of personnel and had to participate in government affairs). Instead, Wang Meng fled and lived in seclusion in Huashan, Xiyue, waiting for the change of the wind and cloud to move again.

In the years after Wang Meng was twenty-five, the war in the north intensified and the political situation changed rapidly. In the fifth year of Moody's Yonghe Pingping (349), the tyrant Shi Hu finally died, and his descendants immediately launched a fierce struggle, killing "corpses everywhere, rivers of blood", and the throne changed three times at the age of one. General Ran Min took the opportunity to attack Yecheng and slaughtered more than 200,000 Jie people. In the sixth year of Mu Diyong (350), Zhao Jianwei was destroyed, so he "attacked Qiang and Hu, and there was no moon and no war". Less than two years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was destroyed by the Yan Qian regime of Xianbei Murong, which fled from the northeast to North China. Yecheng fell into the hands of Emperor Murong Jun of Yan Dynasty, while the strongmen of all ethnic groups in Guanzhong and other places were separated in succession, and the kings in the north were everywhere. In this process, Fu Hong, the leader of the Yi people, appeared.

The Di nationality belongs to the Xirong nationality, originally living in the southeast end of Gansu, and moved to Guanzhong area at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, where they lived together with the Han nationality and gradually "sinicized". Fu Shi was the leader of the Di nationality, and Shi moved Fu Hong and his people to the south of Yecheng. Shortly after Ran Min proclaimed himself emperor, Fu Hong became king and was poisoned by the Ministry. His son Fu Jian led many people back to the west. In the seventh year of Moody Yonghe (35 1), he occupied Guanzhong and established Chang 'an (now northwest Shaanxi) as his capital. He was known as the Heavenly King and Da Chanyu in history, and his country name was Qin (formerly known as Qin). In the second year, he proclaimed himself emperor, and his power grew bigger and bigger. In the tenth year of Moodyong Peace (354), Jingzhou Town in the Eastern Jin Dynasty led Huan Wen to the north, defeated Fujian and stationed troops on Bashang (east of Jin 'an). The elders in Guanzhong fight to welcome guests with wine and cows, and men and women get together to watch.

Wang Meng, dressed in a linen jacket, went to Huan Wen camp to inquire. Huan Wen asked Wang Meng to talk about his views on the current situation. In public, Wang Meng talks about world affairs while catching lice, and no one looks at it. Huan Wen saw this scene, secretly surprised. He blurted out, "I commanded 100,000 elite soldiers and asked thieves to kill people, but no one in Guanzhong came to work for me. What is the reason? " Wang Meng bluntly replied: "You came all the way into China, Chang 'an was close at hand, but you didn't cross the muddy water to take it down. Everyone can't read your mind, so you won't come. "What is Huan Wen's mind? He calculated that recovering Guanzhong would only get a hollow reputation, but the territory would fall to the court; Instead of consuming strength, losing the advantage of competing with the imperial court and making wedding clothes for others, it is better to keep the self-esteem of the enemy. Wang Meng hidden weapons's words touched his heart. He was silent for a long time, speechless. At the same time, he became more and more aware of the extraordinary sight of the poor man. After a long time, Huan Wen looked up and said slowly, "Your talent is unparalleled in Jiangdong! "

Huan Wen originally planned to raise rations on the spot after the wheat matured, but Qin Jun cut all the wheat seedlings and cleared the fields. Seeing that the troops were short of food and had no fighting spirit, he had to retreat. Before he left, he gave Meng a good car and a good horse, and also gave a senior official, Du Hu (a senior official in charge of border military and political affairs and ethnic affairs), and invited Wang Meng to go south together. Wang Meng thought that it was difficult for him to make a difference in the eastern Jin court occupied by the gentry; Following Huan Wen is tantamount to helping him usurp the Jin Dynasty, which is bound to ruin his reputation. He went back to Huashan to ask his teacher, who also expressed his opposition to going south. So he continued to study in seclusion.

[Edit this paragraph] Going out to assist the British Lord.

In the second year of Huan Wen's withdrawal, in the 11th year of Yonghe (355), Fu Jian died. The heir to the throne is ruthless and takes killing people as a joke. "I have to protect one day, such as ten years", and I beat Shi Hu wildly. After Zhao's mistake was just around the corner, the whole country panicked, and Fu Jian's nephew Fu Jian was even more worried. Later, he decided to get rid of Fu Sheng.

Fu Jian (338-385), a native, was an outstanding politician in the Sixteen Countries Period. He admires the advanced culture of the Han nationality. When he was young, he worshipped Han Confucianism as a teacher and devoted himself to studying classics, and soon became a rare leader among the Di nobles. He is well-read, knows everything by heart, is both civil and military, and has made a great wish to help the world and unify the whole country. He understood the truth that "the government, big or small, is people-oriented", recruited talents and made a network of heroes in an attempt to make a big fight. When he asked Minister Liu Bolou about the time to abandon the baby, Lu Li recommended Wang Meng. Fu Jian sent Lu to invite Wang Meng out of the mountain.

When Fu Jian saw Wang Meng, he was like a lifelong bosom friend. When it comes to major events and speculation, Fu Jian feels as if Liu Bei met Zhuge Liang and felt like a duck to water. So the Raptors stayed with Fu Jian and advised him. In the first year of Jin Shengping (357), Fu Jian wiped out Shu Sheng and his associates in one fell swoop, established himself as the king of Daqin, changed to Yongxing, and took Wang Meng as the assistant minister in charge of military secrets.

Shiping County (now northwest of Xianyang City) is the northwest gateway of the capital, and its position is extremely important. But for a long time, strongmen and robbers have been rampant and the people have complained. Fu Jian appointed Wang Meng as Shiping county magistrate. As soon as Wang Meng got off the bus, he was severely punished and banned violence and grass. There is a deep-rooted traitor, Wang Meng was flogged to death in public. The rogue official Fox Hound appealed, and the boss arrested Wang Meng and escorted him to Chang 'an.

When Fu Jian heard the news, he personally criticized Wang Meng: "Being a politician, morality comes first. How cruel it is that you killed so many people soon after you took office! " Wang Meng calmly replied: "I have heard a truth that a country that establishes public security can use courtesy, but a country that governs chaos must use courtesy." Your majesty doesn't think I'm incompetent, so let me do the hard work. I wholeheartedly want to root out the cruel and cunning people for Mingjun. Just killed a traitor, and thousands of other guys have not been brought to justice. If your majesty wants to punish me because I can't get rid of cruelty and outlaws, how can I refuse to be severely punished to thank your majesty for failing me? But as far as the current situation is concerned, I really dare not accept the punishment of the crime of' cruel politics'. " Hearing this, Fu Jian sighed and praised him greatly. He said to the civil and military ministers present, "Wang is really a figure of Guan Zhong and Zi Chan!" Wang Meng's political achievements were outstanding, and he was soon promoted to Zuo Cheng (one of the prime ministers). Due to poor law enforcement, at the age of 36, he was promoted five times in a row, until he became a general of Shangshu (also one of the prime ministers), a general of the auxiliary countries, a captain of Li Si (the highest official in the vast hinterland including the capital), and so on. Those relatives, uncles and elders are jealous and gnashing their teeth. Hou Fan, an aunt from a handsome family of Di nationality, was the first to jump out and insult Wang Meng in public, saying, "We worked with the former emperors, but we were not allowed to participate in secrets. If you don't sweat, why are you in charge of big things? Isn't it that we grow crops and you pick food for nothing! " Wang Meng sneered: "Not only do you plant, I will collect, but you should also cook me a meal!" " Fan stamped his foot angrily and growled, "Sooner or later, Wang will let your head fall to the ground under Chang 'an, or I will not live in the world!" "When Fu Jian learned of this, he said decisively:" This old man must be killed before he can purge the ministers. " Later, what Fan said in the palace had an argument with Wang Meng on the spot. He went crazy and waved his old fist at Wang Meng, attacking from left to right. He swore again, and the swearing was terrible. Fu Jian was furious and decided to behead him. Later, the opposition changed from openly attacking Wang Meng to secretly slandering him. The imperial court appointed officials and Bao used their powers to slander Wang Meng many times. Fu Jian will kick them out of court. Fu Jian even punched and kicked Di officials in class. So, those people were afraid and never dared to talk nonsense again.

Later, Wang Meng rose to the position of "Three Fairs", and Fu Jian also gave him a historical record above "Three Fairs". Wang Meng enjoyed the speech very much.

"Good birds choose wood to live, and good ministers choose the Lord and follow." In ancient times, how many great men and women played the lute to a cow because they didn't "choose their masters", and as a result, they wasted their talents and hated Jiuquan! Fan Zeng, the counselor of Xiang Yu at the end of Qin Dynasty, and Tian Feng, the counselor of Yuan Shao at the end of Han Dynasty. Like Sean and Kongming, Wang Meng knew the hero before he came into being, and chose a wise monarch in troubled times, thus making an important guarantee for his career success. Since then, Wang Meng has played a great role in the historical stage of the dispute between the sixteen countries and the confrontation between the north and the south, and has done a great cause with great vigour. Fu Jian, however, is an "English master" only from the point of view that he only knows how to use it.

If weeds are not removed, good seedlings are not beautiful; Chaos can't be helped, and good governance won't work. Wang Meng deeply understands this meaning. Since he came to power, he has first made great efforts to rectify official management, strictly reward and punish, eliminate redundant staff and inferior people, and promote talents.

At that time, there were a group of Di dignitaries both inside and outside the imperial court, who either depended on their blood relationship with the royal family or "made contributions to the dynasty" and so on. They live in important places, and they are reckless and lawless. Wang Meng's spearhead was aimed at them first. In the first year of Ganlu (359), Wang Menggang was transferred from Xianyang literature and history to Shi Zhong, Zhong Shuling (both prime ministers) and Jing (the chief executive of Kyoto). I heard that Qiangde, a noble minister, was an alcoholic and robbed men and women, but no one dared to "enter the den" because he was the younger brother of the Empress Dowager. Wang Meng immediately arrested Qiangde and couldn't wait to report the case, so he was executed. By the time Fu Jian arrived with a flying horse with a pardon order because of the Queen Mother, Qiangde had already "died in the city"! Then, Wang Meng and Qiang cooperated in the remonstrance and thoroughly investigated the officials or doctors who harmed the people's chaos. He kept the momentum and had no scruples, and more than 20 powerful people who were about to run amok were caught in the net. "So, a hundred people were shocked, their right hands held their breath, and the road was not picked up." This command is forbidden. Fu Jian sighed: "I didn't know until today that there is law in the world and the son of heaven is noble!" Wang Meng also asked Fu Jian to order effective officials to inspect Sifang and Yi Rong, investigate and punish the abuse of punishment and people by local officials, and rectify local ruling institutions at all levels.

While "guilty will be punished", Wang Meng also strives to be "responsible". Before accepting Li Si, a captain and other new positions, he strongly recommended Fu Rong, Ren Qun, and others, serving as bureaucrats, so that they could get important positions respectively. After Yan was destroyed, he quickly recommended Fang Mo, Fang Kuang, Han Yin, and other famous Kanto officials or county magistrates. "The wood in the forest is beautiful, and the wind will destroy it"; "The line is higher than people, and the public will not." Judging from his own personal experience, Wang Meng has a profound understanding of being jealous of talents, so he also protects talents like Fu Jian, and there is no doubt about it. Fu Rong is a wise and intelligent man, with both civil and military skills, good at interrogating suspected prisoners and profound knowledge. He was embarrassed because of his little mistake, but Wang Meng forgave him and didn't ask, and his credit was as good as ever. Chen Liang, a courtier, remained unyielding after the national subjugation, so he was not reused. Wang Meng did not avoid suspicion and recommended him as his important family. On the other hand, Wang Meng abandoned those incompetent officials. No matter how clever Bole is, the number of swift horses he meets is limited. Wang Meng understands that only by considering the management and employment of officials from the system can there be a way out. He helped Fu Jian establish a recommendation, reward and punishment system and a new evaluation standard for officials. Its main contents are as follows: local officials recommend talents with filial piety, honesty, literature and politics in different disciplines and report them to the central government; The court evaluates the recommended candidates one by one, and those who pass are awarded official positions; Those who recommend talents worthy of the name will be rewarded, otherwise there will be punishment; All officials at all levels who have reached the position above Gu Mi must "learn an art", and those who fail to learn an art will be dismissed for the people. The provisions of the recommendation, reward and punishment system and the new standards for selecting officials have dealt a heavy blow to the Jiupin system, which has long been a tool for gentry to monopolize political power, and also denied the backward concepts of many Hu military rulers who have been superstitious about force and despised cultural knowledge since the Sixteen Countries. It has effectively improved the intelligence quality of bureaucrats at all levels in Qin state, and has increasingly formed a new situation of "giving full play to people's talents and officials say their posts"; The social atmosphere and public order have also changed, and the corruption of bribery and begging for help has gradually disappeared, while the wind of keeping clean and knowing shame and persuading businessmen to compete for learning has become increasingly popular.

The second important measure of Wang Meng's governing the country is to set up education and cultivate talents. Under his praise and guidance, the former Qin Dynasty restored imperial academy and local schools at all levels, extensively studied school palaces, hired scholars to teach, and forced children below the official level to enter school. Fu Jian goes to imperial academy once a month to ask students for classics, evaluate merits and demerits, and discuss knowledge with tutors such as doctors, so as to supervise school education and expand appeal and influence. After Yan was destroyed, Fu Jian personally led the eldest son of the Prince and princes to worship Confucius and promote Confucianism. In this way, the advanced traditional culture of the Han nationality has been rapidly revived and revitalized in the north, and the cultivation of the bureaucratic reserve team has also embarked on the road of regularization.

Third, adjust ethnic relations and promote ethnic integration. Pre-Qin was a country founded by a small number of ethnic minorities, the Di nationality. Before the Qin dynasty, there were contradictions between the border Han and other ethnic minorities. Wang Meng, as a Han Chinese, was loyal to the pre-Qin regime, and was named as a monarch and a minister together with Fu Jian, and he was as close as a brother, which set a good example for the unity of the two ethnic groups. The former Qin dynasty abolished the law of dividing Hu and Han dynasties, and established the basic national policy of "benefiting the people and caring for their brothers and harmony", in which all ethnic groups lived in harmony and merged with each other. Some people suggested with ulterior motives that Fu Jian move all the departments of the Di nationality in the northwest to Beijing and expel the families of all ethnic groups in Guanzhong to the border. Wang Meng suggested that Fu Jian put them to death. In that month, the Yong family and his men attacked and plundered the Huns, and they were dismissed. As a result, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Wuhuan, Qiang, Jie and other nationalities surrendered in succession, and talents were entrusted with heavy responsibilities. "Foreigners gathered in Guanzhong, people from all directions, looks are different. "

Fourth, build water conservancy projects, reward agriculture and mulberry, and strive to develop social production. In order to solve the problem of little rain and drought in Guanzhong, the former Qin government recruited 30,000 rich servants, opened up the upper reaches of water mirrors, dug mountains and built dikes, dredged ditches to irrigate terraced fields and saline-alkali land, and "food is the first thing for the people" increased the agricultural labor force by recalling refugees and immigrants to enter the customs, and paid attention to saving expenses, reducing bureaucratic salaries and reducing part of land rent and taxes. The former Qin government often sent people to inspect places, popularize advanced production technology and reward hard-working farmers. As a result, the fields that had been abandoned for many years grew up again, and the warehouses that had been abandoned for many years were full of silk and millet, which greatly enhanced the material foundation of the founding of the former Qin Dynasty.

Under the auspices of Wang Meng, innovative measures have brought a brand-new atmosphere. According to historical records, at that time, the territory of the Qin Dynasty was stable and peaceful, and it was rich. From Chang 'an to the states, there are willows on the road, pavilions in twenty miles and post stations in forty miles. The traveler gave them to the road and the businessman sold them to the road. "The people sang:" Chang' an Avenue, Yang Huai is lush; Got off the Chihua car and lived in a husband and wife; There are many talents to teach our people. ""The soldiers are strong in wealth, and the peace is vertical, and the (king) power is also fierce. " Wang Meng's administration is called "justice". He is decisive and efficient, and never drags his feet. Ma Si, a native of Hebei, asked for leave to go back to his hometown to bury his mother. Wang Meng said, "You can pack your bags and hit the road at once. I will inform the counties along the way tonight. " When Ma Sigang left Tongguan, he found that the government had been informed along the way, and checked his road photos (travel passports) and arranged accommodation according to regulations.

When Wang Meng was in power, Fu Jian asked him to take charge of all domestic and foreign affairs, and he himself "obeyed" (sitting on the court). He once said gratefully to Wang Meng, "You work day and night and worry about everything. I feel that Zhou Wenwang won Jiang Taigong, so I can be carefree! " Wang Meng said, "I didn't expect your majesty to value my minister so much." What is my minister worth comparing with the bodies of the ancients? Fu Jian said, "In my opinion, can Jiang Taigong be better than you? He often tells the prince and other royal children: "You should respect the prince because you serve me!" "

[Edit this paragraph] Unite forces and annihilate the wolves.

Wang Meng ruled the country, making the former Qin dynasty the most dynamic country among all countries, so he dared to compete with the pack and become stronger and stronger. Ten years (366-376), unified the North. In this process, Wang Meng often unified his troops to conquer and attack without exception, showing outstanding military talent and general demeanor, slightly better than Sean, who was "strategizing and winning a thousand miles" but could not "be the master", and Fu Jian was not too much compared with Jiang Shang, who was "both civil and military". He is not only a politician and strategist, but also a warrior of Wu Yong.

From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the former Qin Dynasty was attacked from all sides: in the north, there were Xianbei Tuoba regime with Pingcheng (now Datong, Shanxi) as its capital and military groups of other tribes; There are Zhang Zhengquan of Han nationality, Zhengquan Yang of Di nationality and Tuguhun military group distributed between Gansu and Qinghai in the west. In the east, there is the Murong regime in Xianbei, Yan Qian, with Yecheng as its capital. In the south, there was the Sima regime in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Jiankang (now Nanjing) was the capital. Some separatist forces come and go. Neither Fu Jian nor Wang Meng wanted to stay in Guanzhong or occupy a corner. Wang Meng's wish is to unify the north and lay a good foundation for future national reunification; Fu Jian is even more ambitious, aiming at "mixing one or six rivers and helping the whole people". Their strategy is: stabilize the northwest, so there is no worries; Only by fighting for the southeast can we achieve great things.

The first step achieved immediate results: by May of the second year of Jianyuan (366), the Xiongnu State represented by Liu Bu, Wu Huan Dugu Bu, Xianbei unemployed cadres and Tuoba Gui all surrendered to the former Qin Dynasty. In July of the same year, Wang Meng led an army to attack the northern counties of Jingzhou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, winning the first battle and plundering more than 10,000 households in the north. In February of the following year, Wang Meng put down the leader of Qiang rebellion; In April, before the big break, Guo Liang advocated Tianxi Army and beheaded 17,000 troops; Then, without bloodshed, he outwitted Li Yan, the former Zhang Department, and captured Pahan (now northeast of Linxia, Gansu). In October of the same year, Fu Liu, the tyrant's younger brother, rebelled against Puban (now Xipuzhou, Yongji, Shanxi), and Zhao, Wei Gongdu (s6u Search) and Yan also rebelled according to their respective military posts. At first, Wang Meng advised Fu Jian to get rid of Fu Liu, but Fu Jian wouldn't listen. At this time, they joined forces at the same time and threatened to capture Chang' an in one fell swoop. The following spring, Wang Meng and the generals went to crusade; When Fu Liu heard the news, he sent Yan people to Shaanxi City (now Shaanxi County, Henan Province) to meet the soldiers and cut Qin.

Fu Liu went out of the city to challenge, and Wang Meng should not close the base. Fu Liu thought that Wang Meng had stage fright, so he left the prince guarding the city and took twenty thousand men to attack Chang 'an. Wang Meng pretended not to know, but secretly sent Deng Qiang to ambush Liu Jun. Liu Jun was defeated and ambushed by the Raptors. Only 20,000 people fled to Puban on hundreds of rides, and the rest were all captured. Soon, Wang Jun attacked Puban and beheaded Liu. Three others were also captured or killed. After the Sigong Rebellion was put down, the former Qin dynasty cleared the obstacles on the road to the Central Plains and actively prepared to destroy its strong neighbor Yan Qian.

In April of Jianyuan five years (369), Huan Wen cut Yan; In July, Wen Jun arrived in Fangtou (now Xunxian West, Henan Province), and there was chaos in the world. Murong Wei, the master of Yan State, sent someone to ask Qin for help and promised to cut the land west of Tiger Prison (now Sishui Town, Xingyang, Henan Province) to Qin State. The ministers opposed saving Yan. Wang Meng secretly made suggestions to Fu Jian: first send troops to retreat the Jin army with Yan, and then take advantage of Yan's decline. This is a plan of "saving before taking it"; Otherwise, if Huan Wen captured the Central Plains, the Qin Dynasty would be doomed. Fu Jian agreed to send troops to save Yan. In September of the same year, the Yan-Qin allied forces suffered a crushing defeat, killing more than 40,000 people, and Huan Wen fled back in a panic. Afterwards, Yan broke the contract and refused to cede the land to Qin, which made Qin find an excuse to cut Yan. In December, Wang Meng commanded thirty thousand troops; In the first month of the following year, Luoyang, an important town in the west of Qianyan, was occupied. Wang Meng sent generals to drive Yan Lean, Wang Murong and Zang out of Xingyang (now the northeast of Xingyang), stay in the garrison and return home in triumph, completing the first stage of the strategic plan to destroy Yan.

In June of the 6th year of Jianyuan (370), Wang Meng resigned from Pakistani businessmen and joined the army to attack Yan Qian again. Fu Jian said that he would lead a great army and then March eastward, but Wang Meng said confidently, "Sweep away the remnants of Hu, like the wind sweeping away the fallen leaves, and you won't have to suffer from the wind and dust. Just ask the relevant departments to build houses for the captured princes and ministers of Yan in advance. " Fu Jian was overjoyed. Wang Meng commanded ten generals and sixty thousand soldiers, including An Yang. Mu Rongchui, who was in power before Yan, led 300,000 chosen men to resist Qin Jun, and Wang Meng was fearless in the face of five times his opponent. Take the south road, capture Huguan (the mouth of Taihang Mountain in the northeast of Licheng, Shanxi) in one fell swoop, and capture Murong Yue, the king of Yan Nan 'an. The counties he passed through are gone. North Road An Yang attacked Jinyang (now Taiyuan South), and it took less than two months for the city to consolidate its troops. Wang Meng immediately led some troops to Jinyang. In Jinyang, Wang Meng non-stop, looking around the city, quickly find out the crux, and came up with a coup to defeat the enemy. He ordered the foot soldiers to dig tunnels overnight, and then sent hundreds of strong men to sneak into the city, shouting loudly, killing all the gatekeepers Yan Bing, opening the gate, and Qin Jun swarmed in, taking Jinyang City in a twinkling and taking Murong Zhuang, the king of Yandonghai, alive. Murong's comments in the newspaper made him lose his soul.

In October, Wang Meng marched south to Luchuan (now Shaanxi Province, at the junction of Hebei Province and Henan Province, flowing eastward into Zhang Zhuo) and confronted Murong Ping. At this time, Qin Jun has a considerable number of new places to be taken, and the army led by the Raptors is also very different from Mr. Murong. Murong commented that Wang Meng was alone and lacked food and grass, and wanted to bring down Qin Jun in a "permanent" way. Who knows, before the war, Wang Meng sent five thousand cavalry to set fire to the trench of the Yan army, and the flames were soaring, even the officials and people in Yecheng saw it! Murong was so frightened that he sent someone to severely criticize Murong, ordered him to distribute the money and silks from selling water and firewood to the soldiers and advised him to go out to war. Thus, a great battle between Qin and Yan began.

On the morning of the decisive battle, Wang Meng seized the opportunity and swore allegiance to the front. He said passionately, "I, Jing Wong, have just been accepted by your great kindness and hold important positions at home and abroad. Now I want to go deep into the thief's territory with you. Everyone has to work hard, if they don't advance, they will retreat, and they will make contributions to the country together. In this battle, if you can defeat the enemy, get the reward of respect for the monarch, celebrate and drink in your parents' room, how glorious and proud it will be! "Wang Meng's words burn the blood of the soldiers like fire." The enthusiasm of the whole people, giving up food and shouting for competition and progress "is unstoppable.

On the first evening, General Qin's return from reconnaissance of the enemy camp was delayed. Raptors want to engage in military law. Begged permission, but was not allowed. Deng returned to the village and led troops to kill Wang Meng. Wang Meng unexpectedly "perverted the law" to pardon Xu, and praised him greatly, saying: "The general is still so generous to the same county department (Xu and Deng), let alone to the country? I am no longer worried about the enemy! " Now that the war has begun, Wang Meng ordered Deng Qiang to rush into the enemy's densely populated areas. Unexpectedly, Deng Qiang bargained again and said, "If you promise to give me a black hat of Captain Li Si, then you can rest assured!" Wang Meng was embarrassed, so Deng Qiang ran back to the camp and fell asleep. So Wang Meng rode to Deng Ying and agreed to these conditions. Deng Qiang bent down and jumped up with joy, picked up the jar and drank it. Then, he jumped over the gun and rushed to the enemy lines with Athens, Program and Zhang Hao, killing each other like nobody's business. By noon, the Yanjun was defeated and lost more than 50 thousand people. Wang Meng commanded the troops to pursue victory and annihilate more than 100,000 enemy troops. Murong commented that a horse fled back to Yecheng, and the remnants of the army fled in all directions.

Deng Qiang pleaded privately and disturbed military law; Want to attack the boss, supercilious; Fighting for position is tantamount to threatening the monarch. One of the three is beheading, and Wang Meng has always been famous for his law enforcement! However, Wang Meng swallowed them all. He tolerated Deng Qiang's shortcomings and mobilized Deng Qiang's advantages. The result is a total victory, like taming a tiger and riding a fierce horse. At that critical moment of life and death, if you play cards according to the routine, you will lose everything if you take a wrong step. Wang Meng's outstanding measurement, flexibility and control in dealing with the Deng Qiang issue are really amazing! Cui Hong, a historian of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was full of praise for this.

Wang Meng led the army eastward and surrounded Yecheng. There was a robbery near Yecheng, and it is very calm now. Wang Meng has strict orders, and no one dares to offend the people. The law is simple and extensive, and Yan Min celebrates and tells each other. In November of the same year, Fu Jian was advancing hundreds of soldiers to meet them, and Yan Chen Kai surrendered at the gate. MuRongWei, MuRongPing fail, Yan Qian perish. Fu Jian gave Wang Meng an official rank and was named the marquis of Qinghe County; He also gave 55 beautiful concubines and showgirls, a good horse 100 and a China car 10, but Wang Meng refused. He guarded Yecheng, selected talents, promoted talents, eliminated old ones, created new ones, stabilized people's hearts and developed production. The people in the six countries, the hometown of Emperor Yan, were as happy as dry seedlings.

Later, Wang Meng entered the DPRK as a prime minister and was in charge of Chinese and foreign military affairs. He and Fu Jian came back to solve the remaining separatist forces in the northwest and other places, first eliminating the enemy pool and isolating the former. When Wang Meng defeated Tianxi Zhang, he captured its generals and 5,000 soldiers. At this time, it sent someone to send them back, and sent a personal letter from Wang Meng to Tianxi Zhang. In his letter, Wang Meng quoted classics, deeply analyzed the general trend of the world and the crisis in the cold country, and urged Zhang to turn over his case and repent. Zhang Jianxin was afraid of anxiety and finally apologized to Qin because he was a vassal. Then Tuguhun, between Xianbei Begging Department in Longxi and Ganqing, surrendered to Qin. From the ninth year (373) to the tenth year (374) of Jianyuan, Bashu and its south area were settled in Qin. Before Wang Meng died, Qin had basically unified the north (although Liang and Dai had a corner in the past, they had surrendered to Qin), and Qin was the seventh in the world. The Jin regime in the southeast felt great pressure, and no one dared to "northern expedition" again.

[Edit this paragraph] Last words

Wang Meng broke down from constant overwork and finally fell ill in June of the 11th year of Jianyuan (375). Fu Jian prayed for Wang Meng and sent courtiers to visit famous mountains and rivers. Just as Wang Meng got better, Fu Jian was overjoyed and ordered to pardon the following capital crimes. Wang Meng said: "I didn't expect your majesty to lose the virtue of heaven and earth because of the humble life of a minister." There has never been such a thing in history. This really makes me both grateful and uneasy! I heard that the best way to repay Ender is to say it. Please let me express my sincere thanks on my deathbed. Your majesty's mighty awe is far away, and his reputation is within the light of Liuhe; Kyushu 100 county, the seventh in ten counties; Yan Ping Ding Shu is like picking up dirt. However, a good author may not be successful, and a good beginning may not have a good ending. Therefore, since ancient times, the wise king and the holy king have known that it is difficult to start a business, and they are all afraid, like an abyss. I sincerely hope that your majesty will follow their example and the world will be very lucky! " Fu Jian read a line, wiped two lines of tears, and was heartbroken. In July this year, Fu Jian saw that Wang Meng was critically ill and hurriedly asked about the funeral. Wang Meng opened his eyes, looked at Fu Jian and said, "Although the rulers were isolated in the south of the Yangtze River, China was orthodox and peaceful. After my death, your majesty must not try to destroy the Jin dynasty. Xianbei and Xiqiang are enemies of our country, and sooner or later they will become a scourge. They should be gradually eradicated to benefit the country. " Then he stopped breathing. Fu Jian mourned three times in the coffin and said to Prince Fu Hong, "God doesn't want me to rule the country. Why did he steal my scenery so quickly? So, according to the highest standard of burying Fu General Huo Guang in Han Dynasty, Wang Meng was buried ceremoniously, and he was named "Wuhou"-just like Zhuge Liang. Qin cried and shook the field for three days.

Zhuge Liang said to Liu Chan before he died, "There are 800 mulberry trees and 15 hectares of wasteland in Chengdu. Children and grandchildren have nothing to worry about. ..... "The rest don't want anything. When Wang Meng died, he told his son to plow the fields with ten cows (twenty) and nothing else, which was more frugal than Zhuge Liang. Fu Jian often compares his relationship with Wang Meng to that between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, but Liu Bei is twenty years older than Kong Ming and Fu Jian is thirteen years younger than the Raptors. Therefore, although limited to birthright, Fu Jian always respects Wang Meng as his brother, and the two sides have deep feelings. When Wang Meng died at the age of 5/kloc-0, Fu Jian was only 38 years old; Once, he lost his brother, teacher and best assistant. Fu Jian suddenly fell into extreme grief and often burst into tears. His hair turned white in less than half a year. Over the past six months, Fu Jian has made great achievements in following Wang Meng's legacy, handling state affairs conscientiously, focusing on expanding Confucian education and caring for the sufferings of the people. Later, Fu Jian quickly put out the former cool, replaced it, and completely realized the reunification of the north. Dongyi, 62 countries in the western regions and Southwest Yi all sent envoys to pay tribute; Nanxiang, Xiangyang and other counties (formerly belonging to the Eastern Jin Dynasty) were also captured. At this point, the former Qin dynasty was in full swing.

Unfortunately, Fu Jian later forgot Wang Meng's legacy. In the 19th year of Jianyuan (383), eight years after Wang Meng's death, he brazenly mobilized more than 900,000 troops to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was defeated in the battle of Feishui (now Anhui). And Wang Meng repeatedly told Fu Jian to get rid of the upper conspirators of Xianbei and Qiang nationality, such as Mu Rongchui, Mu Rongchong and Yao Chang. Because they didn't get rid of them, they took the opportunity to send troops to rebel. Independent and self-reliant, the unification of the former Qin dynasty was turned upside down. In the 21st year of Jianyuan, Fu Jian was killed by Yao Chang at the age of 48. After another nine years, the former Qin finally perished. The Great Divide lasted until the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North in the 16th year of Yuanjia (439).

Wang Meng's last words (including sparse essays), a few words, are all related to the rise and fall of pre-Qin countries, which can be said in a word. The historical ending of eight years after his death is over.