Precautions during pregnancy

What to do and what not to do during pregnancy, even casual behavior habits, may have adverse effects on the health of pregnant mothers or fetuses. What behaviors should be avoided during pregnancy? You must know that you are going to be promoted to mommy! Refuse 12 behavior training 5 Women who are used to pregnancy often feel unwell because of certain behaviors, but they don't know it and inadvertently do things that affect their health during pregnancy. Wu Chengxuan, director of Reproductive Medicine Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, said that some pregnant mothers came to see a doctor after having sex with their husbands, and the symptoms were abdominal pain, bleeding, or increased secretion with odor and itching. In addition, expectant mothers often encounter urinary tract infections, painful urination, burning sensation, or annoying repeated inflammation. These discomforts are related to the living habits of pregnant women. What behaviors and small details of life should be paid attention to during pregnancy and how to avoid adverse consequences are all things that prospective moms should know.

Things not to do during pregnancy

Don't stay up late, you can't rest well. During pregnancy, we should maintain a regular and normal life and rest, so that the constant state of body organs and systems can be balanced, and then provide a stable growth environment for the fetus. If you often stay up late, the physical or mental health of pregnant women may be affected, which is not conducive to fetal growth.

At the end of pregnancy, the uterus will become bigger and bigger, gradually compressing the inferior vena cava, making the venous return of the lower body poor, which will easily lead to edema, varicose veins and even hemorrhoids of the lower limbs. Moreover, often staying up late indirectly reduces the chance of lying flat, which is easy to increase the incidence of varicose veins and hemorrhoids. Therefore, Director Wu suggested: "Adequate sleep time and more opportunities to lie flat can reduce the discomfort during pregnancy. Staying up late for a long time or lack of sleep will reduce immunity and increase the chance of inflammation recurrence. 」

Don't do something drastic at the beginning of pregnancy. Sometimes there will be bleeding after sex, which will make expectant mothers worry about whether it will lead to miscarriage. Director Wu Chengxuan explained that the cervix is more prone to congestion during pregnancy, and may even lead to bleeding due to cervical erosion. In principle, if cervical smear examination is done regularly to make sure it is normal, you don't have to worry too much about bleeding caused by cervical erosion. However, if there is bleeding after having sex in the first trimester, it is recommended to see a doctor to determine the cause of bleeding.

Director Wu Chengxuan said that pregnant women with high-risk pregnancy are not suitable for having sex, such as placenta previa, prenatal bleeding, suspected water breakthrough, or miscarriage or premature delivery. If you don't belong to the high-risk pregnancy group and don't feel uncomfortable during sex, you can still have moderate sex, but be careful not to be too deep or too intense during sex. If abnormal bleeding occurs after sexual life, or severe uterine contraction causes lower abdominal pain, you should stop sexual life and seek medical attention as soon as possible.

Do and don't lose weight or be overweight during pregnancy. Some pregnant women are worried about losing their bodies, not only controlling their bodies but even losing weight. Director Wu Chengxuan suggested that expectant mothers should not deliberately lose weight, so as not to reduce the intake of nutrients by the fetus, which would lead to the underweight of the fetus, which is not conducive to the health of the fetus. However, we should not let ourselves go, and we should control our weight moderately. "If you gain too much weight during pregnancy, you will increase the chance of suffering from pregnancy-induced hypertension or pregnancy-induced diabetes, and may make the fetus overweight and too big. If natural delivery is adopted in the future, it will increase the chances of dystocia, shoulder dystocia and even caesarean section. 」

Generally speaking, the weight gain during pregnancy should be controlled within 10 ~ 12 kg. If pregnant mommy finds that it has increased too much, she should control her diet and control her diet. However, Director Wu pointed out: "Controlling weight does not mean losing weight. Pregnant mothers can reduce food intake, avoid high-calorie foods or eat midnight snacks. 」

Don't take a bath in hot springs. In the early stage of pregnancy, avoid soaking in hot springs or taking a hot bath for a long time. Some studies have pointed out that the mother's illness in early pregnancy or the increase of body temperature caused by external factors may lead to fetal neural tube defects and other malformations. In addition, soaking in hot springs for a long time will dilate blood vessels, causing dizziness, shortness of breath, palpitations and other discomfort. Taking a bath will also affect the pH of * * *, increasing the chance of inflammation. If you want to take a bath or take a hot spring bath, Director Wu Chengxuan suggested: "The time should not be too long, and it should be controlled within 10 minutes. Try to avoid taking a hot spring bath for the first pregnancy. 」

Don't hold your urine and drink water during pregnancy, because the uterus is getting bigger and bigger, it is easy to oppress the bladder and ureter, which makes the urine unobstructed worse. During pregnancy, the secretion of lutein increases, which makes the contractility of the bladder and urethra worse, which is more likely to cause symptoms of urinary tract infection. Therefore, pregnant mommy should never hold her urine and don't dare to drink more water for fear of edema.

If you have symptoms of urinary tract infection such as frequent urination, hematuria or dysuria, you must seek medical attention as soon as possible. If the treatment is delayed, bacteria will be repeatedly infected for a long time, and the ureter and kidney will also be infected, causing diseases such as fever, pyelonephritis and septicemia, and even leading to underweight fetus, premature birth or stillbirth, which seriously threatens the health of mother and baby.

Dos and don't wear contact lenses during pregnancy, because corneal edema, increased thickness and decreased tear secretion during pregnancy. Especially at the end of pregnancy, the thickness of cornea increases more obviously, which makes the surface of eyeball unsuitable for wearing contact lenses. Therefore, during pregnancy, especially in the last three months of pregnancy, it is necessary to reduce the number and time of wearing contact lenses. It's best to wear ordinary glasses instead of contact lenses.

Don't be greasy and heavy in winter. Many pregnant mothers will take this opportunity to eat ginger and duck supplements or incense pots. A greasy diet may cause diarrhea or constipation. Moreover, the gastrointestinal peristalsis of pregnant women slows down, and the uterus will gradually become larger, oppressing the gastrointestinal tract, sometimes aggravating constipation and causing hemorrhoids. Director Wu suggested: "Try to keep a light diet and eat more fruits, vegetables and water during pregnancy. 」

Don't smoke or drink. Pregnant women should quit smoking during pregnancy, and don't stay in the second-hand smoke environment. Women who smoke during pregnancy will have the chance of early abortion, or make the baby lighter at birth, and may also increase the chance of perinatal neonatal death. If pregnant women drink too much, it will also lead to fetal malformation. Alcohol has inhibitory effect on the central nervous system. Babies born to women who drink alcohol for a long time may suffer from "fetal alcohol syndrome", including: growth retardation, mental retardation, congenital malformation complicated with heart and brain development, etc. Therefore, women should stop smoking and drinking when they are ready to get pregnant or have been confirmed to be pregnant.

Precautions during pregnancy

Weight gain is closely related to nutritional intake after Do diet adjustment and pregnancy. In fact, you don't need to eat a lot at a time to avoid nausea. It's best to take the principle of small amount and multiple meals. As long as you add 1 cup of milk or 1 sandwich and 1 fruit between meals, you can double your health and get full marks in nutrition. In the early stage of pregnancy, you can eat more foods rich in protein and folic acid, such as salmon, pork, chicken and vegetables, and eat less foods with high calorie, high fat (fried, fried) and high sugar (candy and sugary drinks).

Regular prenatal examination can tell whether the fetus is healthy or not, and can find pregnancy complications as early as possible, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension and pregnancy-induced diabetes. Director Wu Chengxuan explained: "The purpose of each prenatal examination, urine test and blood pressure measurement is to find out whether pregnant women have hypertension and proteinuria, so as to judge whether they are complicated with toxemia of pregnancy. If there is no regular check-up, once complications occur, it will cause great danger to the health of the fetus and the mother. Take gestational diabetes as an example. If pregnant women don't know that they have gestational diabetes and don't strictly control their blood sugar, they are prone to macrosomia, which may lead to shoulder dystocia or even stillbirth.

Pay attention to fetal movement during pregnancy. Pay attention to fetal movement after 28 weeks of pregnancy. Director Wu pointed out: "Fetal movement is a very important indicator of fetal health. When the frequency of fetal movement becomes less and less or less energetic, it means that the fetus may be in poor health. Therefore, if the pregnant mother finds that the number of fetal movements is less than usual, it is recommended to go to the hospital for further examination to determine the health status of the fetus.

Proper exercise during pregnancy is recommended, such as swimming and walking. Especially at the end of pregnancy, the fetus becomes bigger, which is easy to cause backache of pregnant women. Exercise is helpful to relieve low back pain, but it doesn't need to be too intense. Instead, it makes the body uncomfortable, breathless and tired. Taking one's own physical load as the principle, maintaining moderate exercise will be helpful to the pregnancy process and even the later production process.

Do use abdominal belt, and the back pain will become more and more serious from the second and third pregnancy. The use of abdominal belt can effectively reduce the burden on the waist. The abdomen supporting belt can support the bulging abdomen, reduce the pressure on the waist, avoid uterine prolapse and protect the fetal position. During pregnancy, as long as you start to feel that your stomach is falling and your spine is uncomfortable because you support your stomach or straighten your lumbar spine, you can use an abdominal belt to help your body shape with external support.

For pregnant women with backache, Director Wu specially reminded that it may sometimes be a sign of premature birth. "In some premature cases, there will be symptoms such as abdominal pain caused by uterine contraction or back pain. Therefore, it is best to find a doctor to diagnose the lumbago, and the obstetrician will determine whether it is caused by uterine contraction, fascia injury or muscle fatigue. Pregnant mothers must pay more attention to their physical condition in order to maintain a healthy and happy pregnancy.

Wu Chengxuan Education: Graduated from the Department of Medicine of Kaohsiung Medical College and obtained a master's degree from the Institute of Medicine of Evergreen University. Experience: Director of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Changhua Christian Hospital, attending physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Taipei MacKay Hospital, and Director of Infertility Department of Tainan National General Hospital. He is currently the director of the reproductive medicine center of obstetrics and gynecology in Changhua Christian Hospital.