How to do a good job in art education in rural primary and secondary schools

"Primary and secondary schools should shift from' exam-oriented education' to the track of comprehensively improving national quality, face all students, comprehensively improve students' ideological and moral, cultural and scientific, labor skills and physical and mental quality, promote students' lively development, and run their own characteristics." (Outline of Education Reform and Development in China) Adhering to the idea of running a school with characteristics and taking the road of running a school with characteristics is an inevitable choice for the development of the school, an urgent need for the realistic survival of the school, the only way to achieve the goal of running a school and an effective way to deepen the connotation development of the school. With the gradual acceleration of educational modernization, the deepening of quality education and curriculum reform, the competition between schools is becoming increasingly fierce. The traditional situation of "one thousand schools" in basic education has been difficult to meet the requirements of educational development, and the individualization of education and the characteristics of running schools have become the consensus of more and more educators.

Characteristic school is the embodiment of the particularity and individuality of the school in the process of running a school, that is, it has both the commonness of ordinary schools and its distinctive personality. The so-called characteristic school, we first emphasize that it should have the common characteristics of ordinary schools: fully implementing the educational policy, facing all students, having a good educational environment, good teaching style, study style and school spirit, and high education quality. At the same time, we should also work hard on the word "specialized" to form personality characteristics different from other schools. That is, the uniqueness of "no one has me, no one has me, and no one is better than me" is the main feature of characteristic schools. Without unique education, there will be no distinctive schools.

The characteristics of the school can be reflected in education, teaching, teaching research and other aspects. Based on the educational practice of our school, this paper talks about my own shallow understanding and experience on how to build a characteristic school of art education in rural middle schools.

First, we must have advanced school-running ideas.

As the famous Soviet educator Homlinski said: "Leading a school is first the leadership of educational thought, and then the leadership of administrative management." The concept of running a school is the key, forerunner and soul of a school, which determines the direction, taste and level of running a school.

The construction of characteristic schools must be ahead of schedule. In addition to venues, equipment, teachers, students, etc. Rural middle schools are not as good as urban schools and key schools, and another outstanding problem is that the information is relatively blocked and the concept is relatively backward. Therefore, we should keep pace with the times, keep learning and absorb modern educational ideas in time. Under the guidance of modern educational theory, according to the trend of educational reform and development and the macro environment, we should change our way of thinking, make new plans with new horizons and new angles, establish correct guiding ideology, determine high-standard school-running goals and establish advanced school-running concepts.

At the beginning of the school, according to the new situation of modern education development and the reality of our school, the school-running goal of "creating conditions for students' all-round development and giving full play to their individuality, and establishing high-level and distinctive rural middle schools" was established.

Second, we must have a correct development direction.

The construction of characteristic schools is a complicated process, and determining the direction of school characteristic construction is one of the key links. The development direction of school characteristics is not imagined or decided on a whim, and various factors need to be considered. It mainly includes: (1) the development history and traditional factors of the school. The development history and fine traditions of a school are often important factors that can be explored in the construction of school characteristics. (2) Teacher factors. Characteristic schools need high-quality teachers, and high-quality teachers are an important condition for implementing characteristic education. (3) Conditional factors. The characteristic construction needs the guarantee of running a school, which is an important factor to be considered in creating a characteristic school. (4) Environmental factors. The construction of characteristics should be restricted by environmental factors such as geographical location and community culture. In addition, on the basis of fully analyzing the reality of the school, we should also find out our own personality and advantages with innovative consciousness and innovate from scratch.

In my opinion, the key problem is to find the best starting point.

Based on the following understandings: First, at this stage, due to various conditions, rural middle schools are not as good as urban schools and key schools in terms of students, teachers and equipment. Especially with the enrollment expansion of key middle schools, rural ordinary high school students generally have poor cultural foundation, poor knowledge foundation and low competitiveness of cultural subjects. If we want to improve our competitiveness and send more talents to higher-level schools, we must foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and choose the right entry point. Secondly, with the implementation of nine-year compulsory education and the gradual popularization of high schools, a large number of junior and senior high school graduates enter the society every year, so it is more important to solve the problem of their way out. It is an important task of school education and a concrete measure to practice "Theory of Three Represents" for students to master a skill while learning cultural knowledge well, so that they can play a role in local economic construction after graduation and become useful talents in society. Thirdly, Chenghai District is China's "hometown of fine arts" and "hometown of arts and crafts". Wool, plastics and toys are the three pillar industries of the local economy, all of which have a great relationship with art, and art has a rich foundation among the local people. Starting from the local reality, it is promising to develop art education. At the beginning of the school, we chose art education as the breakthrough of characteristic education, and strived to build the brand of art characteristic education.

Third, there must be a scientific development plan.

"Everything is established in advance, and if it is not planned, it will be abolished." If you want to run a school well, you must first have a scientific development plan.

School planning is the starting point and guide of school management. It sets clear work goals and joint efforts for the school and its members, as well as ways and means to achieve these goals. All the work of the school will revolve around the content of the plan.

School planning is an important means to realize the scientific management of schools. The essential requirement of scientific management is to arrange and use various resources of the school reasonably and effectively in order to achieve higher work efficiency and quality. Planning and planning is based on the whole school, which comprehensively, comprehensively and optimally arranges and deploys all kinds of resources and work of the school, so as to make all the work of the school scientific, reasonable and effective. Therefore, planning is an indispensable means of scientific management in schools.

Our school attaches great importance to the overall development planning of the school. According to the reality of our school and the development trend of education, we have formulated a "three-step" development strategy. The first step: take art education as the breakthrough of characteristic education, and strive to build the brand of art characteristic education; The second step: take art education as the "leading factor", promote the vigorous development of the second classroom activities in schools, and gradually realize the all-round development and transformation from simple art education to art, music, sports and media; The third step: gradually build a campus with artistic characteristics, and strive to build a campus "culture" with artistic characteristics in 5- 10 years and become a model school with artistic characteristics in the city. Our strategic thinking is "from single to diverse, from external to internal, from low to high".

Fourth, education management must be in place.

Scientific development planning is important, but if it is not put into action, planning will become "a dead letter". After the plan is made, the key issue is how to implement it. Our school strives to achieve "five in place" in the management of art education;

1, understood in place. The general cultural foundation in rural areas is weak and the cultural atmosphere is not strong. At first, the importance of developing education with artistic characteristics could not be the consensus of teachers and students. Many teachers think that engaging in fine arts is not a proper job, which will seriously affect the teaching of cultural subjects; Many students think that there is no way out to learn art, and art students are inferior. Developing characteristic education needs correct public opinion orientation and good environmental atmosphere. Therefore, on the one hand, we should do a good job of ideological education for teachers, and on the other hand, in order to arouse students' enthusiasm for learning art, we should strive to create a beautiful atmosphere under the premise of doing a good job of propaganda and launching, so that students can feel, appreciate and be influenced by beauty. Many famous artists from Shantou City and Chenghai District were hired to hold special lectures or on-site guidance for students to broaden their horizons. Open a gallery to display students' works and hold an art exhibition or art festival (held once a year); Organize students to go out to sketch and feel the beauty of nature; Let students paint murals, publish blackboard newspapers, beautify the campus, and provide students with venues and opportunities to show their artistic talents. Through these activities, students can realize that beauty is in life and art is around, which is not mysterious, enhances students' self-confidence in learning art well and continuously expands the art team. Now there are more than 300 students in the whole school taking part in art interest activities. Vigorously developing education with artistic characteristics has become the consensus of the people in the future and the whole country.

2. The funds have been put in place. The development of art education needs more funds, venues and equipment than the teaching of cultural subjects. However, a prominent problem in running rural middle schools is the lack of funds. To this end, we strive to win the support of higher authorities, the help of alumni and people from all walks of life, the cooperation of parents and students, and raise funds in various ways. In addition, in the case of shortage of school funds, the original educational resources of the school should be rationally allocated, and the investment in art education infrastructure should be given priority. Bought 1000 pieces of plaster statues, geometric figures and related appliances; Completed more than 300 art teaching materials and materials such as sketch, color, sketch and creation, as well as related audio-visual materials; Open an art teaching building, set up a showroom and 9 training classrooms; And equipped with projectors, tape recorders, spotlights and other equipment; Set up special galleries and exhibition halls for students' works. 10 has purchased more than 200,000 yuan of art equipment for many years. In addition, every year, students from art interest groups are organized to go deep into life in Raoping and other places to paint and sketch. The school is guaranteed in terms of funds, manpower and time. All these have created a good environment for art education.

3. Counseling is in place. The establishment of characteristic schools is closely related to the cultivation of special students. Generally speaking, there is no special school without special students. In order to cultivate and develop students' artistic expertise, on the one hand, our school has set up art classes in strict accordance with the national curriculum plan, equipped with art teachers from grade one to grade three, and done a good job in classroom teaching, so that all students can master certain basic knowledge of art, make art education have a broad mass base and ensure the sustainable development of art education; On the other hand, offering art classes in senior high schools can improve the pertinence and effectiveness of art education. Encourage students with artistic expertise or hobbies to participate in the second classroom activities. The school opens all venues and equipment, makes full use of spare time, holidays and winter and summer vacations, and conducts systematic and formal professional training under the careful guidance of teachers to improve students' artistic level.

4. Responsibility is in place. On the basis of in-depth investigation and extensive listening to the opinions of the masses, our school has formulated a set of practical rules and regulations and implemented the post responsibility system. Make teachers clear their respective goals and responsibilities, and implement "rewarding diligence and punishing laziness, rewarding the excellent and punishing the poor" (rewarding art teachers who have made achievements and transferring art teachers with poor teaching quality from their posts), which fully mobilized the enthusiasm of all art teachers.

5. Management is in place. In order to strengthen the leadership of art education, our school has established an art education leading group with the principal as the leader, the vice president in charge of teaching as the deputy leader, and the education director and the art lesson preparation leader as members. The members of the leading group went deep into practice, classroom, teachers and students, and really played the role of organization, leadership, command and coordination, so that all measures of art education were truly implemented. All departments of the school coordinate and cooperate to jointly do a good job in art education.

Fifth, we must have strong scientific research capabilities.

The Outline of Education Reform and Development in China pointed out: "Educational scientific research and educational management information work should be placed in a very important position." The promotion and development of schools must rely on education and scientific research. Without education and scientific research, the school will lose its direction and motivation and can only spin around in the same place. With the gradual improvement of educational requirements and the deepening of educational reform, educational research has become more and more important. Educational work should be both regular and creative. Creative work can often lead to the road of characteristics. The supporting point of school creative work and the foothold of school work from a theoretical point of view need education and scientific research. Education and scientific research are particularly important for establishing schools with artistic characteristics. Many problems, such as the relationship between national unified art curriculum and local school curriculum, the relationship between cultivating art professionals and improving students' overall artistic quality, the relationship between school art education and local traditional culture inheritance, the relationship between art students' cultural subjects and professional subjects, and the relationship between art theory and art practice, are all brand-new topics for us, and there are not many ready-made practices and experiences to learn from, which require us to accumulate, explore and study. It can be said that the process of establishing characteristic schools is also a process of educational research.

We have a clear mind and understanding of this. Vigorously carry out educational and scientific research activities from the beginning: set up a leading group for artistic education and scientific research; Strengthen school-based training with "self-reflection, peer assistance and expert guidance" as the main form; Organize art teachers to carry out "Six Ones" activities in education and scientific research (reading an art education monograph, researching a small topic, holding a seminar, making a multimedia courseware, writing a case analysis, publishing or exchanging an education and teaching paper). What is more worth mentioning is that our school has also undertaken the experimental work of the sub-topic of art education in rural schools nationwide, and has achieved fruitful scientific research results: exploring ways and means to effectively carry out art education activities; It is clear that art education must deal with three relationships (the relationship between in-class and out-of-class, the relationship between theory and practice, and the relationship between individual and whole) and a principle that must be followed (the principle of gradual progress); The principles (universality principle, practical principles principle and feasibility principle) that must be followed when introducing local arts and crafts into classroom teaching are clarified. Compile school-based curriculum and introduce local crafts into classroom teaching; Published & gt；; Created a new structural model of art classroom teaching (masterpiece appreciation-technique teaching-art practice-mutual evaluation between teachers and students-induction and summary-extension), and wrote a number of high-quality teaching papers (case and project reports). The project experiment in this area won the national special prize, and the sub-projects undertaken by our school won three awards: advanced school, advanced worker and advanced teacher in art education experimental area. The results of our school's project experiments have been popularized and applied locally.

After 10 years of efforts, the education of artistic characteristics in our school has begun to take shape and achieved fruitful results.

1, which expanded the popularity of the school. From a little-known ordinary rural middle school, the school has developed into a "first-class school", "window of art education" and "designated experimental school of art education in rural schools nationwide" in Chenghai District.

2. The conditions for running a school have been improved, the educational environment has been beautified, and the school has undergone profound changes. In April 2004, the school was awarded as "Green School" in Shantou.

3. It promotes the overall improvement of teaching quality. Since 1997 took the college entrance examination for the first time, all the indexes of our school are among the best in the whole region. The results of the senior high school entrance examination have also improved steadily. In 2004, the indicators of the senior high school entrance examination ranked first among similar schools in the whole region, and a total of 23 candidates were admitted to key middle schools such as Jinshan Middle School and Chenghai Middle School.

4. Promote the improvement of students' comprehensive quality. Art, as a breakthrough of characteristic education, stimulates students' enthusiasm for learning technical subjects. Nowadays, track and field teams, martial arts teams, basketball teams, chorus teams and dance teams are developing vigorously, which not only enlivens students' after-school life, but also discovers and cultivates talents.

5. Open up the road to success for students. 10 for more than 0 years, many students' works in our school have won grade awards in painting and calligraphy photography competitions at or above the county level; In the senior high school entrance examination, more than 200 students have been sent to art colleges or majors such as the Provincial Academy of Fine Arts. /kloc-in the past 0/0 years, more than 300 art candidates have been admitted to colleges and universities, and those who have not gone to college to engage in art and craft work have also become "hot items".

6. Consolidate the achievements of the Ninth Five-Year Plan. Our school insists on running the education with fine arts characteristics, which effectively solves the problems of some students (especially those with poor cultural foundation) in their further studies and ways out, makes students and parents see hope, improves their attraction to students, and reduces the number of lost students year by year, achieving all the indicators of the ninth year of general education. In addition, the achievements of characteristic education are also very significant for improving the competitiveness of senior high schools. In recent years, the number of high schools in our school has increased year by year, and the scale has gradually expanded. By this year, it has grown to 12 class with more than 700 students.

Practice has proved that it is feasible and effective for rural middle schools to establish art education characteristic schools.

Combined with the practice of our school, I think that to create a school with artistic characteristics, we must pay attention to the following issues:

1, everything should proceed from reality. We should proceed from the reality of each school's software and hardware, history and reality, internal and external, advantages and disadvantages, and avoid blindly following the trend.

2. Follow the principle of gradual progress. The establishment of characteristic schools is not a one-off event, and we can't expect it to happen overnight. It is necessary to plan scientifically, implement it step by step and advance it step by step.

3, to deal with several relationships. (1) The relationship between "special" and "complete". We should adhere to the principle of facing all, paying equal attention to improving and cultivating expertise in an all-round way, and improve it in an all-round way. (2) the relationship between the part and the whole. The construction of characteristic schools is a systematic project, and we must focus on the overall situation of the overall education reform. (3) The relationship between inheritance and innovation. The construction of school characteristics is not a complete abandonment of the past school-running tradition, but an innovation in inheritance, getting rid of the disadvantages of traditional education, and inheriting and carrying forward scientific things.