The length of day and night on the equator.

The equatorial region is always divided into days and nights, and both days and nights are 12 hours.

Extreme day and night will only appear in the polar circle.

There will be a semi-annual extreme day at the North Pole from March to August, that is, the sun will not set all day. The closer you get to the polar circle, the shorter the polar day will appear. The Arctic Circle has a polar day only in summer solstice.

The equator is the longest circumferential line in the trajectory of each point on the earth's surface with the earth's rotation. Its radius is 6378.2 kilometers and its circumference is 40075.02 kilometers ... The equator divides the earth into two hemispheres, the northern hemisphere in the north and the southern hemisphere in the south, which is the baseline for dividing latitude. The equatorial latitude is 0, which is the longest latitude on the earth. At the same time, the equator is the place with the smallest acceleration of gravity on the earth.

The equator is the dividing line between the northern and southern hemispheres of the earth, that is, the 0-degree parallel. The equator is the place with the least gravity on the earth. The equator is an artificial dotted line that divides the earth into two hemispheres (the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere) on average. The equator is the longest circumferential line in the trajectory of each point on the earth's surface with the earth's rotation. The equatorial radius is 6,378.2KM, and the equatorial circumference is 40075.7Km. It is located between the Tropic of Cancer and the south and receives direct sunlight all the year round.

The equator is the starting point of the north-south latitude (zero latitude) and the longest latitude on the earth.

Equator length: 40,076 km

Meridian length: 40009 km

Length of polar radius: 6356.8km.

Length of equatorial radius: 6378.2km.

Flatness: 1/298

Area: 510 million square kilometers

Average radius length: 637 1 km.

Volume: 1.8323 billion cubic kilometers

Generally speaking, the distance from the poles to the center of the earth is 6,356.8km (km); It is 2 1.4km shorter than the distance from the equator to the center of the earth of 6378.2km, and the flatness is 1/298. The equator is slightly protruding, the equator itself is a little flat, and the northern and southern hemispheres are asymmetrical. In addition, the surface is uneven, it should be said that it is an irregular sphere. However, due to the huge size of the earth, the ups and downs of these surfaces are still very small compared with the whole, so they are still a sphere in space. However, if you descend to a low altitude and cross the atmosphere and ocean, the surface of the solid earth you see will fluctuate like a wrinkled apple.

▲ Planetary landforms crossing the equator.

Pacific, South America, Atlantic, Africa, India

▲ The equator crosses the land.

Mainland: Africa, South America.

Islands: Batu, Sumatra, kalimantan island, Sulawesi, Hera, Haarma, Maldives, gilbert islands and Lane Islands.

▲ Climatic zone crossed by equator [1]

Rainforest climate (equatorial rainy climate, tropical maritime climate), savanna climate, plateau climate.

▲ Weather system active in the equator

Trade winds, equatorial westerly winds, equatorial convergence zones, etc.

▲ Rivers and lakes crossed by the equator.

Africa: Congo River, Guowei River, Juba River and Lake Victoria.

South America: Amazon River

Asia: Capuas River

▲ The sea passing by the equator.

Gulf of Guinea, Equatorial Strait, Mentawai Strait, South China Sea, makassar strait, Gulf of Tomini, Maluku Sea and Hamashira Sea.

The equator is a low-pressure area, and the northeast trade winds and southeast trade winds blowing from both sides of the equator drive the seawater on both sides of the equator to flow from east to west. It is called the North Equatorial Warm Current in the north and the South Equatorial Warm Current in the south. When the equatorial warm current reaches the west coast of the ocean, it is blocked by the land, and a small part of it turns eastward, forming an equatorial countercurrent; Most of them flow to higher latitudes along the coast under the action of geostrophic bias, and the west wind drift is formed by westerly winds in the middle latitudes. When it reaches the east coast of the ocean, part of it turns to the low latitude of the west coast of the mainland and becomes the compensation current of the equatorial warm current; The other part bends to high latitudes along the west coast of the mainland, forming a polar circulation.

▲ Countries passing through the equator

Indonesia, Nauru, Kiribati, Ecuador (Equator, named after Equator in Spanish), Colombia, Brazil, Gabon, Congo Brazzaville, Congo (DRC), Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives and Singapore.

▲ Famous cities near the equator

Quito, Libreville, Nairobi, Singapore.

▲ equatorial biological species

The equator is the factory of species. Compared with other species less fortunate to enjoy this geographical advantage, equatorial animals live in an almost perfect environment, whether it is temperature, humidity or available food. The only disadvantage of living in this paradise is to share resources with more than half of the species on earth!

At the equator, animals and plants grow faster, bigger and weirder than anywhere else. Sunlight in the equatorial region is the most powerful energy on earth. Because the sunlight here evaporates a lot of oceans, this effect will form a humidity column in such a large area, then form wind and undercurrent, and finally provide energy for life in extremely distant places.

The Equator Monument is located 95 kilometers north of Quito. It takes 40 minutes by car. The monument just below the equator is built on a basin surrounded by mountains, and there are specialty shops and restaurants next to it. On the way to the monument, there are eucalyptus forests and agricultural gardens where grapefruit and grapes are planted. equatorial plate

Anyone who travels to Ecuador must visit the famous scenic spot-the Equator Monument, which is considered as the "center of the earth".

The equator monument is divided into two monuments, the old and the new. The old monument is located in San Antonio, 24 kilometers north of Quito, the capital of Ecuador. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with an altitude of 2483 meters.

This equatorial monument is about 10 meter high and consists of hematite granite. The monument is square, with striking English letters such as E, S, W and N4 engraved around it, representing the east, south, west and north directions respectively. The surface of the monument is engraved with an inscription in Spanish to commemorate those French and Ecuadorian scientists who contributed to measuring the equator and building the monument. The bottom is engraved with the words "This is the center of the earth". At the top of the monument is a huge stone ball, with the south pole facing south and the north pole facing north. In the middle of the globe, there is a very clear white line carved from east to west, representing the equatorial line. All the way to the stone steps at the bottom of the monument, the actual circumference of the equator is 40075.438+03 km. From here on, the earth can be divided into two completely equal hemispheres. Ecuador calls this monument "half the world". Every year on March 3 1 day and September 23, the sun passes through the equator and goes straight to the equator, making the world equal day and night. At this time, Ecuadoreans will always hold a grand event here to meet the sun god and thank the sun for bringing warmth and light to mankind. Visitors here like to take pictures of their feet lying flat on the stone steps on both sides of the white line to show that they are people with feet in two hemispheres.