Beginners must read 60 photographic terms.

The aperture is denoted by "F" and is used to control the amount of light passing through the lens. If you open the aperture one step, the amount of light entering the camera will double, and if you narrow the aperture one step, the amount of light entering will be halved.

shutter

Shutters are mainly used to control exposure time. Shutters are generally divided into high-speed shutters and slow doors. The faster the shutter speed, the darker the picture. The slower the shutter speed, the brighter the picture.

depth of field

Simply put, the depth of field means that in the west, the smaller the aperture is, the clearer it becomes, and the larger the aperture is, the smaller the depth of field is, and the focal length of the lens will also affect the depth of field of the photo. The longer the focal length of the lens, the smaller the depth of field will be.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO sensitivity simply means that the higher the sensitivity of the photosensitive element to light, the more sensitive the photosensitive element is to light. The higher the sensitivity, the more exposure and the brighter the picture. Conversely, the lower the sensitivity, the darker the picture.

focal distance

The focal length is expressed in mm and is usually marked in front of the lens. For example, a number such as 50mm/24-70mm means that there is only one focal length, and two numbers mean that the focal length can be changed.

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EV is the exposure index of the camera. Exposure is combined by different shutters and apertures, and the exposure achieved by different combinations is the same.

Exposure; expose

Exposure means "brightness of photos". We need to adjust the camera parameters to control the exposure of photos, mainly adjusting the shutter, aperture, sensitivity and exposure compensation.

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When we press the shutter button/cable release, B will appear on the camera. At this time, the shutter will remain open and the camera will have B mode. The shooting skill of door B requires the use of a tripod. Generally, it is more used to shoot night scenes and starry sky at night.

colour temperature

Color temperature is usually expressed by K, and it is mainly used to adjust the color of photos. Generally, the color temperature of natural light will be around 4500 K. The higher the value, the colder the photo will be, and the lower the value, the warmer the photo will be.

Check the input language

Refers to the automatic exposure control lock, which relies on the function of the automatic exposure lock to point out the parts that need to be exposed correctly, such as the face, then press the shutter to determine the exposure and focus, and then press the exposure lock key on the camera to lock the exposure.

Camera shooting mode

In the function dial of the camera, there are scene modes such as Auto Auto, Program Exposure Mode (P), Aperture Priority Mode (Av or A), Shutter Priority Mode (Tv or S), B Gate, Manual Exposure Mode (M). The common shooting modes of academic photography are usually manual mode/aperture priority/shutter priority.

Quan Huafu/Half Frame

Mainly due to the different sizes of photosensitive elements: the size of photosensitive elements in Quan Huafu is 36*24mm, and that of half-frame cameras is 22.7 * 15.5 mm, and the body size is different: generally speaking, full-frame cameras are larger than half-frame cameras due to the different sizes of photosensitive elements.

Photo format JPG/RAW

According to the purpose of taking photos and the requirements of post-processing, SLR provides two photo formats: RAW and JPEG. RAW format: It can well save shooting parameters, including exposure, color, shadow, highlight and other details. Although the beauty of the straight-out photos in RAW format is not obvious, there is a lot of room in the later stage; JPG format: commonly used file storage format, the file is small, but the compression rate is high, which is not suitable for post-photography.

Out of focus

The original focus when taking pictures changed the position of the original focus. If the picture is blurred, the unclear state is called out of focus.

change colour

The lens can't focus all colors on the same point. The areas where dark parts and bright parts will appear in the image in the form of color bars can be adjusted by PS or LR.

shade cloth

Semi-transparent cloth for diffusing and softening light can be made of semi-transparent gauze or reflector, or film cloth, which can be made large and placed in a suitable position to create shadows.

hyperfocal distance

Used when shooting landscapes, it can shoot the focal length with maximum depth of field.

Shutter delay

If you use a high-speed shutter, pressing the shutter will immediately record the shooting moment. If you shoot with a slow door (for example,115s), the shutter will reflect for a period of time before recording the picture.

Quick shot?

Refers to a large aperture lens, such as F 1.8 or F 1.2.

lens flare

It happens when the light source directly illuminates the lens, for example, when it is backlit, a circular halo will appear in the picture, which will increase the atmosphere of the photo.

Overexposure

There are highlights under the chart on the right side of the histogram, and there are no details in the white area.

bias light

Refers to the light source that appears in the scene without adding any flash or light adjuster. The light source can be sunlight/light or artificial light.

calorescence

Refers to the main light source of photos, which may be the main light of sunlight/photo studio. Under the street lamp/reflector can be used as the main light source.

relight

It is the light source second only to the main lamp. Mainly used to fill shadows. This can be achieved by using a flash lamp, a reflector, etc.

highlight

Such as noon 12. Generally, photos taken under strong light will have heavy shadows on their faces, which are not obvious enough to be taken.

subdued light

Scattered light, such as cloudy or shadowy places, belongs to soft light. This type of light can produce soft shadows, and there will be no shadows on the face.

Lighting mode

This is the way the light shines directly on the subject's face. In this way, the face will have a specific light pattern.

Reflector plate

The equipment used for reflecting light can fill the shooting theme with flash and reflector. Generally, cameras will have their own flash.

flashlight

Flash Generally, cameras have their own flash.

Illumination ratio

The ratio of the intensity (brightness) of the main light and the auxiliary light is the difference between the bright shadow and the shadow edge of the face.

Technical terms of lens

2.8 Large ternary triple zoom lens with constant aperture. 16-35mm/24-70mm/70-200mm lens.

Small ternary zoom lens with constant aperture F4.

Nikon small ternary (16-35mm/24-120mm/70-200mm

Canon ternary (17-40mm/24-105mm/70-200mm)

Sony E-port small ternary (16-35mm/24-70mm/70200mm)

Small spittoon canon EF50mm F/ 1.8 lens.

Dog head generally refers to the entry-level supporting lens, that is, the camera lens.

Zeiss lens At present, Zeiss SLR lenses mainly include Classic, Milvus and otus, but they are all more expensive.

Cookie head refers to SLR lens, which is very thin, similar to cookie head, and the maximum aperture is generally only F2.4-2.8.

Lens classification

Low power photographic lens

Macro lens is suitable for shooting flowers/animals/products, etc. The macro lens can shoot objects at close range, and can be reproduced from 1 to 1.

standard lens

The general standard lens refers to a lens with a focal length of 50mm, which is close to the distance of the human eye standard lens and the lens distortion is relatively small. The 35mm focal length lens is also close to the effect seen by human eyes on a half-frame camera.

Main lens

You can't change the focal length. A constant has only one focal length. For example, a 50mm fixed-focus lens f 1.8 is a fixed-focus lens with a focal length of 50.

zoom lens

The lens can be rotated to change the focal length, such as 24- 105mm or 18 zoom lens 200mm. The one with two numbers is the zoom lens.

wide-angle lens

The field of vision is very wide, and there may be edge distortion (super wide angle). If the wide-angle lens is wide enough, the image will be rounded (fisheye).

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Concert/idol lens, such as 55-250mm or 70-200 mm. The telephoto lens has a longer focal length than the standard lens, which can enlarge the distant scenery and make the picture close at hand.