A trip to the Norwegian fjord

Norwegian Fjords Langille Fjords and Narui Fjords are located in the southwest of Norway and northeast of Bergen, with a distance of about 120km. They are part of the western fjords of Norway, extending 500km from Stavanger in the south to Sennis in Andorra. The two longest and deepest fjords in the world are considered as typical fjords. There are countless waterfalls on the cliffs on both sides of the fjord. In 2005, wrangell Fjord-Gallenger Fjord and N? r？ Yfjord), as a natural heritage, was included in the World Heritage List by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.

Norway is located in the western part of Scandinavia and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The north is adjacent to the Arctic Ocean; The northeast borders Russia and Finland; Adjacent to Sweden in the east; The south is close to the North Sea and across the Sgalla Strait. Norway is surrounded by the sea on three sides and its coastline is tortuous. There are as many as 6.5438+0.5 million offshore islands, many of which are excellent ports and scenic spots. Norway is famous as "the country of fjords".

Norwegian fjords are long and narrow, rugged and deep, stretching for hundreds of kilometers. The scenery is world-famous, just like a fairyland on earth. The fjord is the most unique scenery in Norway. The fjord is regarded as the soul of Norway by Norwegians, and Norway has the reputation of "the country of fjords". In these fjords, blue sea water, snow-covered peaks, waterfalls, dense forests, colorful cabins and flying seagulls together form a dreamy fairy tale world, which is a pure land for people to find their dreams.

Norwegian fjord is a relic left by crustal movement during the Ice Age, which is not only a unique natural wonder, but also an important sea passage. The landscape of Norwegian fjords is a wonder of the world and one of the greatest geographical wonders on earth. The four most famous characteristic fjords in Norway are Gai wrangell Fjord, Songen Fjord, Ha Dangel Fjord and Reese Fjord, which are also called the four major fjords in Norway.

The world heritage sites Gai Langell Fjord and Naruyi Fjord (a branch of Songgen Fjord) are located in the southwest of Norway and the northeast of Bergen, with a distance of 65,438+0.20km.. They are part of the fjord landscape in western Norway, extending 500 kilometers from Stavanger in the south to Sennis in Andorra. The rock walls on both sides of the fjord are steep and steep, and there are countless waterfalls on the cliff. Free-flowing rivers pass through deciduous forests and coniferous forests and flow into glacial lakes, glaciers and rugged mountains. This landscape is characterized by a series of terrestrial and marine landscapes, such as seabed moraines and marine mammals, which together constitute the outstanding landscape here and show the agile and psychedelic nature.

Glacier erosion can form ice buckets, tinder, U-shaped valleys, glacial plains and glacial depressions. Under the action of glacier movement, mainly due to the external force of the earth, when the glacier flows downward by gravity, it is wrapped with a large number of eroded rock fragments, which slowly flow down the mountain along the valley under the drive of gravity and become glacier flow. These wrapped rock fragments erode and cut the rock wall through which the glacier flows, and the valley through which the glacier flows is cut into a U-shaped valley due to the erosion of the glacier. Later, the interglacial period came, the earth warmed, glaciers melted, and carved canyons appeared. As the sea level rises, seawater enters these valleys on the edge of the land, forming fjords. Crustal movement and glaciation have formed towering peaks and deep fjords, and also created unique natural scenery in this area.

Norway has a long and narrow terrain, only 400 kilometers at its widest point and more than 6 kilometers at its narrowest point. On the steep west coast of Norway, many fjords and countless islands and rocks form the most tortuous coastline in the world. The long coastline is steep and tortuous, and the glaciers along the coast are constantly impacted and eroded by seawater. Together with countless glacier remains, it constitutes a spectacular fjord scenery.

Gai Langell Fjord, located in the north of Bergen on the southwest coast of Norway, is the most beautiful and mysterious fjord in Norway. Gai Langille Fjord in the north of Bergen has the highest and most magnificent waterfall, which is a famous world heritage. Gai Langille Fjord is surrounded by mountains, with a total length of16km and an altitude of1500m. Gai Langille Fjord is famous for its numerous waterfalls, many of which flow into the Fjord along the steep rock wall. Among the nine waterfalls covering Langille Fjord, Seven Sisters Waterfall and Bridal Veil Waterfall are the most famous, and the waterfalls flying over thousands of feet are breathtaking. There are towering waterfalls and ancient mountain farms along the coast of Gai Langille Fjord. Here, people can not only appreciate the truest beauty of nature, but also feel the cultural accumulation of human beings.

At the top of the fjord is Guy Langille village. The residents in the village still maintain their traditional way of life, and many tourists come to spend their holidays on foot in summer. In addition to the Gai Langille Fjord Church built in 1842, there are also the Forward-looking Observatory in Ridard and the Niba Observatory in Darcet. There is Briks Dahl Glacier around the scenic spot. Gai Langille Fjord is known as the most beautiful Fjord in Northern Europe. Tourists take a cruise to watch the wonderful wonders of nature on the fjord, which is refreshing and beautiful.

The fjord is a must-see in Norway. There are many sightseeing routes here, which can satisfy tourists' desire to visit fjords and enjoy waterfalls. Visitors can visit the Vardal (Valld? Rafting and kayaking are new ways to explore fjords. There are also many routes suitable for hiking in this area. This is also an excellent place for swing fishing.

Songgen Fjord is located in the core of Norwegian Fjord. This is the best route to Bergen, Oslo and Trondheim. Songgen Fjord extends from west to east, which is the longest and deepest fjord in the world, with a length of 204 kilometers and a depth of 1308 meters. Here, people can see the most primitive and beautiful landscape in Norway. The mountains on both sides of the strait are high and deep, the gorge is clear and the water is beautiful, the snow-capped mountains and streams, and the waterfalls are shrouded in clouds, showing a beautiful Jedi view. On some small headlands, the Norwegians built distinctive bay towns. The two tributaries of Songgen Fjord are pleasant and fascinating. One is the Narui Fjord (n? r？ Yfjord), and the other is Aurlandsfjord.

Many peaks around Songgen Fjord are covered with snow all year round. Even in midsummer, the trees at the foot of the mountain are shaded by trees, and the snow on the top of the mountain will not melt. Because of the dangerous terrain on both sides of the strait, there are few places to land, so taking a sightseeing boat is an excellent way to visit Songgen Fjord. There are vertical steep slopes, small towns, cottages and farmland in the flat area. It can be said that the natural scenery along the way is dazzling, and the shocking vertical peaks and quiet towns make tourists linger, showing the epitome of Norway's nature and culture.

Narui Fjord (n? r？ Yfjord) is a fjord in Ayulan, Songen-FiEULAN SPA01 County, western Norway. It is a branch of Songgen Fjord, with a total length of 17 km, the narrowest water surface is only 300 meters wide, and the coast is mountainous. Narui Fjord and its surrounding areas, together with Gai Langille Fjord, are listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO World Heritage Committee.

"The beauty of Songen Fjord lies in the peaks, the clear water and blue sky, and the waterfall." /kloc-For more than 50 years, Songgen Fjord has attracted many tourists, including hikers, climbers, explorers and people who love nature. Songgen Fjord Scenic Area, Narui Fjord (N? r？ Yfjord), Urnes Stavkirke, Fromm Railway and Vettisfossen are all very popular attractions in Norway.

Fromm (Fl? M) is a beautiful town, located in the center of Ayurveda Fjord, with beautiful scenery, leisure and tranquility, just like a fairy tale world. Here people can feel the extraordinary charm of the Fromm Railway. The mountain sightseeing train of Fromm Railway refers to the train that travels to and from Fromm (Fl? M) and Myrdal. Fromm Railway was rated as the top ten railway trips in the world in 20 14 by Lonely Planet magazine. An overview of the Fromm Railway with an altitude difference of 865 meters condenses the essence of Songgen Fjord. The most shocking railway in the world is only 20 kilometers long, and the journey time is nearly 1 hour. This is one of the steepest and most beautiful train routes in the world. From Fromm in the plain area to Murdal at an altitude of 865 meters all the year round, the sightseeing train goes up slowly with the train, passing through 20 tunnels, 1 bridge, 5 waterfall tunnels and 8 parking spots. Mountain sightseeing trains shuttle between fjords and canyons. Through the train window, visitors can enjoy ancient villages, idyllic alpine pastures, deep canyons, spectacular waterfalls and snow-capped peaks. Along the way, people can also see glacial lakes, waterfalls and steep U-shaped canyons cut by glaciers, and alpine glaciers can also be seen near Murdal Railway Station.

In order to let tourists enjoy the beautiful scenery of the waterfall better, the train stops at Kjosfossen station for 5 minutes, and visitors have the opportunity to see the waterfall flying down the steep cliff on the platform. Along the way, mountains and canyons, waterfalls and fountains, the scenery is spectacular, shocking, exciting, dreamy and thrilling. The train reached the highest point of Murdahl and then turned back to Fromm. Mountain sightseeing train is a masterpiece in Norwegian railway history and one of the most amazing railway landscapes in the world. Fromm Railway makes Songgen Fjord full of infinite vitality. Every year, this exciting train trip attracts tourists from all over the world to experience it. Fromm Railway has become the most important and attractive tourist attraction in Norway. After the mountain train tour, visitors can also visit the Fromm Railway Museum next to the railway station, or rent a bicycle in the town and stroll along the historic Rallarvegen, which is also a good choice.

Norwegian fjords are famous for their grandeur and color. The beauty of the fjord is extreme, smart and elegant, just like a paradise. In 2004, National Geographic magazine called the Norwegian Fjord "the best natural tourist destination unaffected by human activities" and one of the 50 places that people must visit. In the same year, the most prestigious Chicago Forum in the United States listed the Norwegian Fjord as the seventh natural wonder in the world. Norwegian fjords are famous for their beautiful scenery. Norwegians regard the fjord as the soul and the fjord is the symbol of the country, so Norway is also called "the country of fjords".

Sun Keqin and Sun Bo write and photograph.

refer to

Sun Keqin, Sun Bo, 20 15, Norwegian soul in the fjord. World Heritage, (3): 82-87.

Sun Keqin, Sun Bo, 20 18, Entering World Heritage. Beijing: Peking University Publishing House.

Sun Keqin, Sun Bo, 2020, World Heritage. Beijing: Peking University Publishing House.