The Historical Background, Process and Influence of the Battle of Suiyang in Tang Dynasty

In the first year from Tang Suzong to Germany, after Zhang Xun withdrew from Qiu Yong, he led his troops south along the Suiyang Canal. At that time, he only had 300 horses and 3,000 soldiers, and retreated to Suiyang to join the prefect Xu Yuan and the city father and county magistrate Yao Yan. Later, Lei Wanchun, Nan Jiyun and others led the troops to crusade against the rebels in the north, defeated Yang Chaozong in the north of Ningling, beheaded 20 rebels, killed more than 10,000 people, and defected to Suiyang Canal, where water did not flow. Yang Chaozong narrowly escaped death and fled overnight. After the war, Zhang Xun received an imperial edict, and was appointed as the doctor of subject and object, and also served as the minister of Henan Province. The history of this war is called Suiyang War or Suiyang Defence War. The location of Suiyang Canal is very important. In the second year of Zhide, after the death of An Lushan, his son An Qingxu sent Yin to lead the elite troops of Luo, Turkic and other tribes to join forces with Yang Chaozong, and hundreds of people attacked Suiyang. In the face of powerful enemies, Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan encouraged the soldiers to persevere. From morning till noon, they fought more than 20 times and their morale remained unchanged. Xu Yuan, who was less talented than Zhang Xun, promoted Zhang Xun as commander in chief and managed to raise rations and war materials himself. After Zhang Xun became the commander in chief, he first destroyed Tian Xiurong, an internal rebel, and then led the army out of the city to attack the rebels actively, and fled in a crushing defeat, and seized a large number of chariots, horses, cattle and sheep. Zhang Xun gave all these trophies to the soldiers, and he didn't want them. After this victory, the court worshipped Zhang Xun as an imperial advisor; Xu is waiting for advice; Wei Yao is a doctor in the official department.

In the first year of Tang Suzong's war against Germany, after Zhang Xun withdrew from Qiu Yong, he led his troops south along the Suiyang Canal. At that time, he only had 300 horses and 3,000 soldiers, and retreated to Suiyang to join the prefect Xu Yuan and the city father and county magistrate Yao Yan. Later, Lei Wanchun, Nan Jiyun and others led the troops to crusade against the rebels in the north, defeated Yang Chaozong in the north of Ningling, beheaded 20 rebels, killed more than 10,000 people, and defected to Suiyang Canal, where water did not flow. Yang Chaozong narrowly escaped death and fled overnight. After the war, Zhang Xun received an imperial edict, and was appointed as the doctor of subject and object, and also served as the agreement of Henan Province.

The location of Suiyang Canal is very important. In the second year of Zhide, after the death of An Lushan, his son An Qingxu sent Yin to lead the elite troops of Luo, Turkic and other tribes to join forces with Yang Chaozong, and hundreds of people attacked Suiyang. In the face of powerful enemies, Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan encouraged the soldiers to persevere. From morning till noon, they fought more than 20 times and their morale remained unchanged. Xu Yuan, who was less talented than Zhang Xun, promoted Zhang Xun as commander in chief and managed to raise rations and war materials himself. After Zhang Xun became the commander in chief, he first destroyed Tian Xiurong, an internal rebel, and then led the army out of the city to attack the rebels actively, and fled in a crushing defeat, and seized a large number of chariots, horses, cattle and sheep. Zhang Xun gave all these trophies to the soldiers, and he didn't want them. After this victory, the court worshipped Zhang Xun as an imperial advisor; Xu is waiting for advice; Wei Yao is a doctor in the official department.

In May, when the wheat was ripe, the rebels collected wheat outside the city as food for the army. When Zhang Xun saw it in the city, he gathered his troops and beat drums to show his desire to fight. Seeing this, the rebels immediately stopped harvesting wheat for war. At this time, Zhang Xun stopped beating drums and let the sergeant have a rest. Seeing this, the rebels relaxed their vigilance. Zhang Xun seized the opportunity and ordered Nanji Jun to lead the army to open the city gate, suddenly rushed out, took the Yin camp straight, and cut the flag. At the same time, a nominal army general led more than one thousand cavalry, forcing Zhang Xun to surrender at the gate. While answering the enemy generals in the city, Zhang Xun secretly ordered dozens of warriors to hang themselves from the city with hooks, knives and crossbows and dive into the waterless moat. When the rebels outside the city were unguarded by their numbers, the warriors fought bravely, and the rebels were caught off guard, injuring many people.

Another day, Zhang Xun's general Lei Wanchun was patrolling the city. When the rebels saw it, they all shot arrows. In an unguarded moment, Lei Wanchun got six arrows in his face. But in order to stabilize the morale of the army, he did not move. Linghu Chao thought that Zhang Xun was lying to him with some kind of Woodenhead, so he called spies to inquire and was frightened. He said to Zhang Xun at the gate: Military orders are like mountains, but it is like seeing the light of day without seeing General Lei dissatisfied! Zhang Xun replied: You don't understand human feelings, you don't understand heaven! The soldiers were ordered to rush out of the city, and Ling Huchao escaped. The defenders captured/0/4 of the rebels and killed/0/00 of them, winning a total victory.

Zhang Xun has more than 1000 defenders, but there are always tens of thousands of rebels. But it lasted a year. Until one day, Zhang Xun received an urgent document from the prefect of Suiyang, saying that Yin, a rebel general, led a 130,000-strong army to attack Suiyang and asked him to rescue him immediately.

Zhang Xun rushed to Suiyang to meet Xu, but there were more than 6,000 people. Although Xu Yuan had a high official position, he knew that Zhang Xun was an excellent soldier and asked Zhang Xun to command the guarding city. Although the strength of the two sides was very different, Zhang Xun led the troops to fight fiercely with the rebels 16 days, captured more than 60 enemy generals alive and annihilated more than 20,000 people, forcing Yin to withdraw.

After two months, reinforcements were obtained and Suiyang was surrounded. The situation is getting more and more critical.

One night, Zhang Xun told the soldiers to beat the drums. The rebels outside the city heard the drums and quickly lined up for battle. Wait until dawn, but still didn't see the defenders come out. Yin sent people to climb the heaped-up mountain and look into the city. Seeing that the city was quiet and there was no movement, he ordered the soldiers to take off their armor and have a rest. The rebels were nervous all night and fell asleep.

At this moment, Zhang Xun, Lei Wanchun, Nan Jiyun and other dozens of generals, each led by 50 cavalry, fought their way out of the city gate at the same time and stormed the enemy camp separately. The rebels were unprepared and immediately went into chaos, and more than 5 thousand people were killed by the defenders.

Zhang Xun wanted to shoot Yin when he went out, but Yin usually went into battle, and always made several people dress up as him, which was a close call. On one occasion, when the two armies confronted each other, Zhang Xun ordered the soldiers to shoot the arrows cut by Artemisia scoparia at the enemy lines. Rebel soldiers found this arrow, thinking that all the arrows in the city were used up, and hurried forward to report to Yin. As soon as Yin got the Artemisia arrow, Zhang Xun on the head of the city told Nanji Cloud around him to shoot Yin's arrow. Nan Jiyun hit Yin's left eye with an arrow and immediately fell off his horse. Zhang Xun ordered the whole city to kill, and won a great victory.

Yin failed to attack the city, but he lost his sight, so he won't stop. Surround Suiyang more tightly. The rebels gathered more and more outside the city, and the defenders in the city played less and less until there were only more than 1.6 thousand people left. The food was cut off, too. The soldiers ate bark, tea and paper, and they were hungry one after another.

In desperation, Zhang Xun had to send Nan Jiyun to lead 30 cavalry to break through the tight encirclement and borrow soldiers from the commander of Linhuai, Helan Jin Ming.

Helan Jin Ming was afraid of the rebels and didn't want to send troops to save Suiyang. However, he cherished Nan Jiyun's bravery and called his men to host a banquet in the hope of keeping Nan Jiyun for his own use. Nan Jiyun knew that Helan Jin Ming refused to borrow soldiers. Where did he have the heart to eat? He bit off one of his fingers and said with tears that he failed to complete his mission, leaving a finger as a witness to coming here.

Nan Jiyun left Linhuai, borrowed 3,000 soldiers from other places and returned to Suiyang. It was discovered by the rebels and entered Suiyang after a bloody battle. Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan knew they didn't hire soldiers. After repeated discussions, they think Suiyang is the barrier between Jianghuai.

In order to stop the rebels from going south, they must resist the sun.

When there is no food in the city, they eat bark, horses and even sparrows and mice. The soldiers and civilians in the city know that they can't keep going, and no one has defected.

By the middle of 10, under the harsh conditions of disease, hunger and no foreign aid, the soldiers guarding the city had lost their fighting capacity, and watched the rebels climb over the wall and enter the city, but no one had the strength to resist, and Suiyang City finally fell.

Zhang Xun, Nan Jiyun and others would rather die than surrender and were all killed by Yin. However, Yin was also defeated by Tang Jun in a few days and was completely annihilated. Yin was killed in public. In December, when the world was calm, it was difficult for Tang Suzong to make a hero. Later, I went to Tang Xizong and moved the portraits of Zhang Xun, Xu Yuan and Nan Jiyun to Lingyange for later generations to sacrifice.

It means that at that time, the court only relied on taxes in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River basins. Suiyang, located in the middle section of the Grand Canal, is an important town in the Jianghuai Valley. If it falls, the canal will be blocked and the consequences will be unimaginable. Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan were guarding Suiyang, with less than 7,000 troops at most. After more than 400 battles, the rebels1.20,000 people were annihilated. Suiyang persisted for 10 months, during which the court continued to accept financial aid from Jianghuai, completing the process of recovery, preparation and counterattack. One month ago, Xijing Chang 'an was recovered, and after Suiyang fell 10 day, Luoyang in Tokyo was recovered, and the rebels could no longer go south. The world was preserved, and the whole Suiyang War lasted 10 months.