What rights do journalists have?

News and documentary photographers are witnesses and recorders of social changes. Article 35 of China's Constitution stipulates: "The Chinese people and citizens have freedom of speech, publication, assembly, association, procession and demonstration." Article 47 stipulates: "The Chinese people and Chinese citizens have the freedom to engage in scientific research, literary and artistic creation and other cultural activities, and the state encourages and helps citizens engaged in education, science, technology, writing and art to do creative work beneficial to people." The Constitution provides the most fundamental legal basis for photographers to freely create photographic works. Journalists have the right to interview events that have direct and obvious interests in public relations and society, and the right of photographers to take pictures is protected by law. Similarly, in addition to photographers, Chinese citizens have the right to pick up cameras and freely create photographic works. However, photographers must also abide by the relevant laws and regulations of the state when creating. In some occasions, they cannot engage in photography activities, and in other occasions, they must be approved. When shooting some works involving national politics and military themes, they must ask the relevant competent authorities in advance and get approval before shooting. After shooting, the works can be published after being audited. In addition, photographers in this society where people pay more and more attention to human rights, photographers are not allowed to violate the personal rights of others, shoot their privacy, and vilify their images. The photographer's professional ethics reflected in the photographic works is challenged again at this time. What a photographer should and should not shoot, how to shoot, what form the photos are published, what impact they will have on readers and photographers, and how to respect the privacy and portrait rights of the subjects while satisfying the right to know. Photographers should not infringe on the copyright and property rights of others when shooting, but should also consciously abide by moral norms and respect social customs and lifestyles and habits between different ethnic groups and religions. The professional ethics of news photographers in China is first linked with social influence, and photographers first consider social responsibility when shooting. Due to the requirements of professional quality, they can enjoy more rights to be close to events than the general public, but it also means that they should have a stronger sense of responsibility, ensure that the facts he recorded are absolutely true and newsworthy, and absolutely can't fabricate fake news. News photographers should not only have a sensitive "news eye" but also a loving "normal heart" to photograph valuable and influential news works. When facing social problems, they can show the most authentic and enlightening events in front of people, which is a new requirement for news photographers in the new era. In the face of catastrophic events and vulnerable groups, photographers should pay more attention to the subjects in these events, take into account the legal and ethical norms and requirements, and respect the public's right to obtain information and the privacy of the subjects to the maximum extent.

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