Brief introduction of Qing Xiling ~

Qingling Mausoleum is located in Xiling Town, Yixian County, Baoding City, Hebei Province. It is one of the three royal cemeteries in the Qing Dynasty.

The cemetery was built in the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), and the burial of Jin Fei was officially completed on 1924. There are four emperors, nine queens and many concubines, princes and princesses buried in the mausoleum. During the existence of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Xiling Mausoleum has always had a special organization to preside over sacrifices and daily maintenance, and there are also special troops to guard the mausoleum and its surroundings.

After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the protection organization of the Qing Xiling Mausoleum was unable to guard the whole cemetery, which led to the repeated excavation of the Qing Xiling Mausoleum before the establishment of 1954 Qing Xiling Cultural Relics Protection Institute. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Qing tombs were properly protected.

1980, chongling underground palace was opened to the public after cleaning. In 2000, Qing Xiling was listed as a World Heritage Site.

Qing Xiling is a dreamland composed of mountains and rivers. Whether it is the mountain landform or the pulse cloud potential, it has reached the beauty and auspiciousness required by Feng Shui. More than 400 mausoleum buildings embedded in it, after nearly two centuries of construction, have merged the human spirit to the maximum extent and expressed the lofty, eternal, magnificent and exquisite image of imperial power. This is the Qingxi Mausoleum, a group of royal tombs in Qing Dynasty located in Yixian County, Baoding City, Hebei Province. ?

Qingxi Mausoleum was founded in 1730 (the eighth year of Yongzheng) and completed in 19 15, lasting 185. Four emperors, nine queens and 57 concubines are buried in the 14 mausoleum covering an area of more than 800 square kilometers.

It is the most complete and primitive royal mausoleum group in China at present, and it is a collection of royal buildings in Qing Dynasty. There are more than a thousand palace buildings and hundreds of ancient buildings and sculptures in the mausoleum area, which are magnificent. Gu Song in Lingqu is majestic, with evergreen seasons and flowing water. This kind of landscape adds a sense of beauty to the Qing Xiling Mausoleum, and nature endows the mountains and rivers around the Mausoleum with a special aura.

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The ancillary buildings of the Western Qing Mausoleum and the Fourth Mausoleum, both in scale and shape, reflect the evolution of the Qing Dynasty from prosperity to decline. The complete and magnificent tombs of Tailing and Changling reflect the glory of the heyday of the Qing Dynasty.

The restoration of Muling building (the first mausoleum in Qing Dynasty, cutting down the monument, stone statue, Ming building and Baocheng of Shengde Shen Gong, etc. ) and the shrinking scale of chongling truly recorded the historical track of the Qing Dynasty from prosperity to decline, from feudal society to semi-feudal and semi-colonial.

The fate of Emperor Guangxu and Zhenji, the late figures of the Qing Dynasty buried in chongling, the tomb of the Queen Mother of the West, recorded the history of Empress Dowager Cixi's dominating the imperial court, humiliating the country and bringing disaster to the country and people.

The last emperor Aisingiorro Boyi's bedroom project was terminated by the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, which is a physical example of the end of thousands of years of feudal history in China. As far as preservation is concerned, Qing Xiling is one of the most complete tombs in China.

Evaluation of World Heritage Committee: According to the theory of geomantic omen, imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties has carefully selected sites and skillfully placed a large number of buildings underground. It is the product of human's transformation of nature, which embodies the traditional architectural and decorative ideas, and interprets the world outlook and power view of feudal China that lasted for more than 500 years.

general layout

Qing Xiling is located at the foot of Yongning Mountain in Yixian County, Hebei Province, with Zijingguan in the west, Yanxiadu in the east, Dayan Bridge at the southernmost end, facing Langya Mountain across the Yishui River, and Qifengling at the northernmost end. The outermost boundary of the mausoleum exceeds 100 km. There are a lot of trees outside the mausoleum area, and the main buildings are all built under the auspices of "Style Thunder", with the main mausoleum 10.

From west to east, there are Muling, Mudong Mausoleum, Changxi Mausoleum, Changyuan Mausoleum, Changling Mausoleum, Tailing Mausoleum, Taidong Mausoleum, Tailing Princess Garden Mausoleum, chongling Princess Garden Mausoleum and chongling Princess Garden Mausoleum in turn, with a construction area of more than 500,000 square meters, of which Tailing is the central axis of the whole Qing Mausoleum.

Dahongmen in Tailing is the gate of the whole mausoleum area. In addition, there is a Wang Huai Garden between Chang Xiling Mausoleum and Mu Dongling Mausoleum, and there are Brother Garden, Princess Garden and Duanwang Garden between Mu Dongling Mausoleum and chongling.

There are also institutional buildings in the Mausoleum of Empress Dowager Cixi in Qing Dynasty, including East and West Mansions, Palace, yongfu temple, yamen, barracks and other buildings. The institutions in these buildings are mainly responsible for the daily management and sacrificial services in the mausoleum area.

dig

During the period of 1980, the cultural relics management office of Baoding area and the cultural relics management office of Qingxi mausoleum excavated and cleaned the underground palace of Qingxi mausoleum. Archaeologists found that almost all the personal ornaments of Dezong in Qing Dynasty were stolen except a jade ring and a lotus jade in his left hand.

A beast head was found outside the coffin as a tomb animal. A small rotten purse was found in the coffin of Queen Jade Dragon, which contained 275 rotten pearls, including 4 big pearls, 2 small pearls 1 12, 9 large agate balls, 2 agate pendants, 3 red pendants and 3 small agate pieces 1 13.

Archaeologists unearthed 1 gold pocket watch, 3 silver shell watches, 1 enamel shell watch, 2 iron balls, 1 watch key, 7 gold rings, 1 white jade portrait, 7 pieces of jade, 5 pieces of jade and 1.

2 Jade Hand Touch, 3 Jade Back Fish, 7 Xiaocui Beads, 2 Jade Characters, 4 Jade, 18 Jade Bracelet, 2 Tourmaline Pendant, 2 Tourmaline Pagoda, 16 Tourmaline Small Piece, a string of ***20 Tourmaline Beads, 1 Aquilaria bracelet,

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Qing Xiling