What are the characteristics of the Antarctic zone?

Antarctica is divided into two parts: East Antarctica and West Antarctica. East Antarctica extends from longitude 30° west to longitude 170° east, including Coates Land, Queen Maud Land, Enderby Land, Wilkes Land, George V Coast, Victoria Land, the Antarctic Plateau and the Pole. Area is 10.18 million square kilometers. West Antarctica is located between 50° and 160° west longitude, including the Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island, Ellsworth Land and Byrd Land (Mary Byrd Land), etc., with an area of ??2.29 million square kilometers. Antarctica has only a few scientific expeditions and whaling teams from other continents. Antarctica is the only polar region in the known world with land. The climate in the Arctic is cold all year round. The Arctic Ocean is a vast icy ocean surrounded by numerous islands and coastal areas of northern North America and Asia. The North Pole refers to the northern end of the Earth's axis of rotation, which is the point at 90° north latitude. The Arctic region refers to the area near the North Pole and within the Arctic Circle at 66°34′ north latitude. In winter, the sun is always below the horizon and the sea is completely frozen. In summer, temperatures rise above freezing, the edges of the Arctic Ocean melt, and the sun stays high in the sky for weeks on end. The Arctic Ocean is rich in fish and plankton, which provides a rich food source for the millions of seabirds that nest here in the summer. It is also food for seals, whales and other marine animals. Much of the area around the Arctic Ocean is relatively flat and treeless. In winter, the ground freezes and the ground is covered with thick snow. In the summer, the snow melts, the topsoil thaws, and plants grow and bloom, providing food for animals such as reindeer and musk oxen. At the same time, carnivores such as wolves and polar bears also rely on preying on other animals to survive. The Arctic is one of the most sparsely populated regions in the world. For thousands of years, the Inuit (formerly known as the Eskimos) have thrived here for generations. Oil was discovered here and many people came from the south to work here.