Brief introduction of central Africa

Central Africa is located on both sides of the equator, with savanna climate in the east and rainforest climate in the west. The temperature is above 20 degrees all the year round.

The vast savanna provides a natural habitat for various animals. Because Central Africa is located on both sides of the equator, the rainy season and dry season in the two hemispheres are just the opposite. Every May and June, 10, 1 1 can see the rarest animal migration on this planet.

Tall trees, lush shrubs, dense weeds and vines intertwined among trees grow in the tropical rain forest area, forming an impenetrable tropical plant kingdom. In the tropical rain forest, there are many kinds of animals, including birds with gorgeous feathers, orangutans who are good at climbing, burly elephants, hippos and crocodiles in rivers and lakes. The social organization structure of traditional tribal countries in black Africa consists of families, villages (tribes) and kingdoms. Chiefs and kings are second only to gods and ancestors in the social hierarchy pyramid. They hold the secrets of nature, the prosperity of people, livestock and food, and the fate of a person and the whole nation.

14-18th century, the Congo Kingdom, Kuba Kingdom and Darron Empire appeared in the Congo River Basin in Central Africa. /kloc-In the 5th century, the Kingdom of Congo became the most powerful kingdom in the Congo River basin, and it was also the representative of the agricultural civilization of hoeing in Africa in the Iron Age. Agriculture and handicrafts are quite developed. Massai (Massa? )

Masai is one of the most famous nomadic peoples in Africa today, with a population of nearly 1 10,000, mainly distributed in savanna areas in southern Kenya and northern Tanzania. Today's Masai people still adhere to the traditional nomadic life. On the other hand, they have joined the local tourism industry more.

Hutu and Tutsi.

Hutu and Tutsi are the largest ethnic groups in Rwanda and Burundi. According to statistics, 84% of Rwandans and 85% of Burundians belong to Hutu. Hutu and Tutsi are very similar, and there is not much difference in language, physique and culture, but the difference mainly lies in social class. Tutsis are the ruling class, while Hutus are generally poor people at the lower level. There have been many major armed conflicts between the two communities. Among them, the most shocking is the Rwandan massacre in 1994. Hutus slaughtered Tutsis and their own people who advocated national reconciliation with machetes, sticks and hoes, resulting in the killing of nearly 6.5438+00000 Tutsis.

Mumbertu (Mumbertu)

Mongbetu people, also known as Mong Butu people, refer to the Central African people living in the south of Azande area in the northeast of Congo (DRC). They occupied the territory of primitive pygmies, and later absorbed a large number of East Sudanese and Bantu people. As a result, they have become several ethnic groups with different cultures and languages. Living by farming, fishing, hunting, gathering and raising cattle. Polygamy is prevalent, and livestock are part of the physical bride price. Their art, especially their amazing skills in architecture, pottery and sculpture, left a deep impression on early travelers. Modern Mobutu people still attract artists' attention with carefully carved knives, wooden honey containers, statues, musical instruments and jars.

Ngbandi (Ngbandi)

Bundhit people, also known as Mogwandi people, live in southern Central Africa and the upper reaches of the Ubangi River in northern Congo. Traditionally, men are responsible for hunting, fishing and cultivating farmland, while women are responsible for gathering wild food, weeding, planting and harvesting. With the growth of monetary economy, it is more and more common for strong men and women in rural areas to move to cities in order to find jobs. Engel Bencht was once a famous soldier. The knives and spears made by its craftsmen are of very good quality, and they trade with many neighboring nationalities. Now they are treasures in the eyes of African art collectors.

Banda (Banda)

Banda is a cross-border ethnic group in Central Africa, mainly living in the Republic of Central Africa, with a population of 6.5438+0.62 million (in 2002), and also distributed in the north of Congo (DRC) (820,000), the southeast of Sudan and the north of Congo (Brazzaville), which can be divided into Linda, Mono, Yakela, Bi Li and Ben. They adopted the paternal inheritance system, lived in small villages with scattered houses and were ruled by tribal leaders. They are mainly engaged in agriculture, planting corn, cassava, peanuts and sweet potatoes, and also engaged in a small amount of animal husbandry or fishery.

Bayanya (Gebaya)

They live in southwest Central Africa, east-central Cameroon, north Congo Brazzaville and northwest Congo (DRC), with a population of about 820,000 at the end of the 20th century, which is closely related to the languages spoken by their neighbors Banda and N 'Bundhit. Baya people follow the paternal genetic system and traditionally have no state organization. In the past, military leaders were elected only in times of crisis and then removed from power. The village head of Baya people is responsible for arbitrating civil disputes and is a symbolic leader.