How many types of pigeons are there?

1. Wild pigeons mainly fall into two categories: rock-dwelling and arboreal. After long-term breeding and selection, domestic pigeons include food pigeons, toy pigeons, racing pigeons, military pigeons and experimental pigeons.

2. Domestic pigeon? Pigeon is a species of pigeon in the family Doveidae. Pigeons are also called domestic pigeons and doves. The ancestors of pigeons are wild rock pigeons. As early as tens of thousands of years ago, wild pigeons flew in flocks, built nests, roosted and reproduced on dangerous coastal rocks and cave cliffs.

3. Rock pigeon? Also known as "mountain rock pigeon". A type of wild pigeon. They live on rock cliffs along the coast, holding branches in the rock gaps to build nests and breed their offspring. They live near the seaside and drink sea water when thirsty to replenish salt in their bodies.

4. Jungle pigeon is a type of wild pigeon. It is the original species of domestic pigeon, and its body shape is roughly similar to that of domestic pigeon. Most of them inhabit the rocky cliffs at the seaside. They are not good at building nests and only carry some dead branches and leaves as bedding.

5. Spot-tailed wood pigeon? It is a national second-level protected animal and a kind of wild pigeon. Larger and heavier than domestic pigeons. Builds a nest in a tree. The feather color is black, with white feathers on the edges of the wings, and white feathers on the neck. The beak is yellow and the eyes are light yellow. It is widely distributed in Europe and is not easy to domesticate. It can be hybridized with domestic pigeons.

6. Snow pigeon is a type of wild pigeon. Produced in Tibet, my country. It got this name because it grows under the snow-capped mountains. Mostly all white, but also tile gray.

7. European pigeon is a type of wild pigeon. Lives in forests and builds nests in tree cavities. The body size is slightly smaller than that of ordinary domestic pigeons. The feather color is dark gray, and there are two inconspicuous black horizontal lines on the wings.

8. Spotted pigeon? A type of wild pigeon. Produced in western and northeastern Africa. The feather color is iron oxide color, with pale triangular spots on the wings. Neck feathers bifurcated. It can be crossed with ordinary domestic pigeons, and the offspring produced will be wild, intolerant to cold, and sterile.

9. Turtle dove, also known as "bottle dove" and "bird", is an animal protected by the country's "Three Certainties". Body size and plumage color vary among species. They mostly live in shrubs on plains and mountains and eat fruits and seeds. The brown-backed turtle dove, also known as the "gold-backed turtle dove" or "mountain turtle dove", is widely distributed in my country.

10. Bird pigeon is a kind of wild pigeon. It is named because it looks like a sparrow. Produced in Mexico and Peru. The body is small, with gray-brown feathers on the back, gray-brown from the face to the chest, and small dark-brown spots on the back and wings.

11. Domestic pigeons are birds of the family Doveidae. Domesticated from rock pigeons. The descendants of wild pigeons from different regions of the world have formed various domestic pigeon varieties through continuous domestication, selection and breeding. According to the purpose, it can be divided into three categories: racing, edible and entertainment.

12. Carrier pigeon: Also known as "communication pigeon". Pigeons used for communication. Including maritime communications, commercial communications, news communications, military communications, civil communications, etc.

13. Military pigeons are homing pigeons that serve in the army and on the battlefield. Humans have long been aware of the military significance of pigeons. As a military assistant to mankind, it has been recorded as early as 2,000 years ago in the ancient Roman era. Julius Caesar used pigeons many times to convey military information during his conquest of Gaul.

14. Racing pigeons are also called "racing pigeons". Pigeons specially used for racing competitions. In the process of raising pigeons from confinement to freeing, people discovered that pigeons have the ability to recognize their nests, and then consciously brought the pigeons to place B and flew them back to place A. This gave rise to the communication pigeon.

15. Medium and short distance pigeons are racing pigeons that are good at medium and short distance racing. The flying distance is generally about 300 kilometers for short distance; the distance between 500 and 700 kilometers is medium distance. The primary requirements for short- and medium-distance pigeons are strong explosive power and fast flight, but lack of endurance, which pales in comparison in long-distance and ultra-long-distance competitions.

16. Long-distance pigeons? Racing pigeons that are good at long-distance racing. The flying distance is generally around 1,000 kilometers. The primary requirement for long-distance pigeons is strong endurance when flying, but due to poor explosive power, they pale in comparison in short- and medium-distance competitions.

17. Ultra long distance pigeons? Racing pigeons that are good at ultra long distance racing. The flying distance is generally about 1,500 kilometers or more. The primary requirements for ultra-long-distance pigeons are strong endurance during flight and strong self-reliance ability to forage for food and stay overnight in the wild. However, due to poor explosive power, they are not suitable for participating in medium- and short-distance competitions.

18. Chicken-shaped pigeon? It is also called "eating pigeon", also known as "ornamental pigeon". Pigeons designed for people to enjoy. There are more than 600 species in the world. There are many varieties of ornamental pigeons in our country, which have their own system and are recognized by the world. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 200 species, which are precious cultural assets of the motherland.

19. Tang pigeon is a kind of pigeon raised in religious temples or teaching. Mainly used as decoration of scenery. Some religious believers regard it as a sacred "magic bird", while tourists and pilgrims regard it as a kind of landscape. They were once raised in the inner courtyard of the imperial palace of the Qing Dynasty in my country, as well as in the Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou and the Chenghuang Temple in Shanghai. The "god pigeons" raised in the forbidden palaces of ancient Indian dynasties also fall into this category.

20. Square pigeons are pigeons that roam freely in the square. Mainly used as decoration of scenery. Pigeons are regarded by people as a symbol of peace, beauty and happiness. Many famous cities around the world, such as Paris in France, Moscow in Russia, London in the UK, and Warsaw in Poland, have large flocks of pigeons in some famous squares, adding to the peaceful atmosphere of the attractions and entertaining tourists from all over. Extended information

The pigeon is a very common bird that is widely raised around the world. The pigeon is the collective name for hundreds of species of birds in the family Columbiformes.

The pigeon we usually call is just one type of pigeon, and it is a domestic pigeon. The most common domestic pigeon is the homing pigeon, which is mainly used for communication and racing. Pigeons have been living with humans for thousands of years. The first image of a pigeon discovered by archaeologists comes from Mesopotamia, now Iraq, in 3000 BC.

Animal introduction

A kind of bird that is good at flying. It is small and exquisite, comes in many varieties, and has many colors of feathers. It mainly feeds on cereals.

Explanation of the name

Also called pigeon. Pigeons have the most colorful coats among birds. There are many varieties, and its feather colors include tile gray, blue, white, black, green, flower and other colors.

Morphological characteristics

The head is broad and flat, the body is large, wide and deep, 53 to 56 cm long from beak to tail end, chest circumference is 38 to 40 cm, and the beak is long and slightly curved. The eye rings of adult pigeons are red or flesh-red, while those of young pigeons are pink. The Lundi pigeon has a long and thick neck, a long and open back, a long tail with a rounded end, plump thighs, short tarsus and toes, and two types: no foot hair and foot hair. The one without foot hair is the best, and the foot color is dark. red. The colors of its feathers are mixed, including white, black, crimson, gray, etc. The white Luan pigeon is the best.

Life habits

Male and female pigeons build nests, incubate eggs and raise chicks together. After the pigeons have mated, they will go out to find nesting materials and build a nest. Male pigeons with good production performance also have the behavior of "chasing their wives". If the female pigeon leaves the nest, the male pigeon will chase the female pigeon back to the nest to lay eggs. After the female pigeon lays the egg, the male and female pigeons take turns incubating the eggs. The male pigeon enters the nest at 9 a.m. every day to hatch, and the female pigeon leaves the nest to look for food and activities.

The female pigeon enters the nest at 5 pm and hatches until 9 am the next day. In this way, the male and female alternate, day after day, until the young pigeons hatch. After the young pigeons hatch, the male and female pigeons secrete pigeon milk at the same time to nourish the young pigeons. The incubation period of pigeon eggs is generally about 17 days. After this time, before the young pigeons hatch, the male and female pigeons will abandon the old nest and find a new nest to lay eggs and then hatch them.

Therefore, during production, if it is found that the chicks have not hatched beyond the incubation period, the unhatched eggs should be taken out in time to allow the pigeons to lay eggs in time. Pigeons are late-adult birds. Unlike other birds, when young pigeons first emerge from their shells, their eyes cannot be opened, their body surface feathers are sparse, and they cannot walk to feed. They need to be fed by their own pigeons; they cannot live independently until they are about 40 days old.

Pigeons are very responsive. In daily life, pigeons are highly alert and very sensitive to surrounding stimuli. Flashes of light, strange sounds, moving objects, abnormal colors, etc. can cause the pigeons to commotion and fly. Therefore, during feeding and management, attention should be paid to keeping the environment around the pigeons quiet, especially at night to prevent intrusion by rats, snakes, cats, dogs, etc., so as not to cause confusion among the pigeons and affect the normal life of the pigeons.

Pigeons have a strong homing habit. Both domestic and wild pigeons have a strong tendency to return home. Generally speaking, their birthplace is the place where they have lived all their lives. Any unfamiliar place is not an ideal place for pigeons. They do not feel at ease to stay and want to return to their "hometown" all the time, especially when they encounter This desire to "love home" is stronger when there is danger and terror. If a pigeon is taken hundreds or thousands of miles away from its "home" and released, it will try its best to return as quickly as possible and will not want to stay or perch in any unfamiliar place along the way.

Compared with other poultry or birds, pigeons have unique living habits. First of all, pigeons are monogamous birds. After pigeons become sexually mature, they are selective in their mates. Once paired, they are devoted and inseparable. They are not as promiscuous as other poultry. In the same pigeon flock, if the number of male and female pigeons is not equal, there may also be same-sex couples of two males or two females.

After the pigeons are paired, both male and female pigeons participate in nest building, incubation and raising young pigeons. Pigeons take a long time to re-pair after being widowed. In order to cultivate excellent varieties during production, improve the quality of pigeon varieties, and avoid breed degradation caused by inbreeding, artificial selection can be carried out in a planned manner.

If the male and female pigeons are freely paired, they can be separated and matched again, but this is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, when breeding, it is necessary to master this characteristic of pigeons and formulate an artificial selection plan as early as possible to prevent free pairing. In addition, after adult pigeons lose their spouses, they may have promiscuous mating due to strong sexual desire during the estrus season, which may disturb the pigeon flock. In order to keep the pigeon flock quiet, the estrus pigeons can be paired in time, or temporarily Its isolation.

Under favorable conditions, wild pigeons can breed up to eight times a year, with two babies born each time. The frequency of pigeon breeding depends on the abundance of food. It takes about 18 to 19 days for a baby pigeon to hatch and hatch. The parents will feed the baby with a special kind of pigeon milk. A newly hatched pigeon will double its weight in one day, but it will take four days before it can open its eyes. After about two months, the young pigeons can leave the nest.

Pigeons’ food is mainly plant-based food. Whether they are wild pigeons or domestic pigeons, they are mainly plant-based food, mainly including corn, wheat, beans, grains, etc. They generally do not eat insects and other meat. . Pigeons are accustomed to eating raw food, and artificial feeding can also adapt to cooked food. Pelleted mixed feed can also be fed in artificial breeding farms.

The activities of pigeons are characterized by being active during the day and returning to roost at night. Pigeons are very active during the day and eat and drink frequently. At night, they rest quietly in the shed nest. However, trained pigeons can fly in the dark or even at night if they do not return to their habitat before evening.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Pigeon