Provisions on tourism capacity

Tourism capacity is divided into four categories: spatial capacity, facility capacity, ecological capacity and social psychological capacity. For a tourist area, the calculation of daily space capacity and daily facility capacity is the most basic requirement.

A. 1. 1 daily space capacity

The calculation of daily space capacity is to estimate the daily space capacity of different spaces, taking into account the daily turnover rate of tourists, given the use density of each space.

For example, suppose that the area of a sightseeing space is square meters, the average occupied area of each tourist is Yi square meters/person, and the daily turnover rate is Zi, which does not affect the quality of sightseeing. Then the daily capacity of the sightseeing day space is:

Ci=Xi×Zi/Yi (person)

The total daily spatial capacity of the tourist area is equal to the sum of the daily spatial capacity of each district, namely:

C=∑Ci=∑Xi×Zi/Yi

A. 1.2 day facility capacity

The calculation method of daily facility capacity is basically similar to that of daily space capacity.

For example, if the number of seats in the theater is and the daily turnover rate is 1, the daily facility capacity is

Ci=Xi×Yi

The total capacity of daily facilities in tourist areas is:

C=∑Ci=∑Xi×Yi

The daytime coefficient of tourist reception facilities such as hotels and sanatoriums is suggested to be 0.4.

A. 1.3 ecological environment capacity

A. 1.3. 1 The calculation of ecological environment capacity is a complex problem, but at least the following factors should be considered:

A) Soil density, soil composition, soil temperature, soil erosion and runoff.

B) Vegetation: vegetation coverage, vegetation composition, vegetation age structure, extinction of rare plants and mechanical damage of vegetation.

C) Water: the number and types of pathogens in water, the nutrients in water, the growth of aquatic plants and pollutants.

D) Wild animals: the influence of habitat, population composition, population change and tourism activities on population activities.

D) air.

A. 1.3.2 The following three methods are commonly used to study the ecological environment capacity:

A) Post-event analysis: In the system where tourism action and environmental impact have been balanced, the capacity of tourists with different pressures is investigated, and the obtained data is used to calculate the environmental capacity of similar areas.

B) Simulation experiment: observe the influence degree with the failure intensity controlled by manpower. According to the experimental results, the environmental capacity of similar areas is calculated.

C) Monitoring with time: A long-term investigation is conducted from the beginning of tourism activities to analyze the changes caused by the increasing use intensity year by year. Or do a short-term survey at any time when the pressure on tourists suddenly increases. The obtained data are used to measure the environmental capacity of similar areas.

A. 1.4 psychosocial ability

The main influencing factor of social psychological capacity is crowding. Measuring it is also a complicated problem. At present, there are two main models that can be used: one is satisfaction model, and the other is crowding cognitive model.

A. 1.5 determination of tourism capacity

Generally speaking, for a tourist area, the most basic requirement is to calculate the space capacity and facilities capacity, and analyze the ecological environment capacity and social environment capacity. If conditions permit, the capacity of the latter two environments should also be measured. If all the above four capacities are estimated, the environmental capacity of a tourist area depends on the minimum of the following three capacities:

1. Ecological environment capacity;

2. Socio-psychological ability;

3. The sum of space capacity and facility capacity.

A.2 tourism service facilities planning

The configuration of tourism service facilities can be carried out in accordance with the following principles:

A) economically feasible. The choice of supporting facilities should not only meet the investment capacity, but also strive for better economic benefits. At the same time, the daily maintenance cost and elimination speed are also considered to strive for economic benefits.

B) Consistent with the nature and function of the tourist area. No facilities contrary to the nature and planning principles of tourist areas shall be set up, and must be carried out in accordance with the functions and scale determined by the planning. Supporting facilities can meet the use requirements, incomplete supporting facilities will not bring inconvenience to the use of tourist areas, and blind supporting facilities will not cause waste.

C) be flexible. Fluctuation is a prominent feature of the tourism market, which should be taken into account in the supporting facilities to make it flexible and adaptable.

A.2. 1 commercial and catering facilities

The construction area of commercial and catering service facilities in tourist areas is suggested to be estimated according to the index of 0.4 ~ 0.6 m2/bed on the basis of the total number of reception beds in this area. See table 1 for details.

Table A. 1 Sub-item allocation index of commercial catering facilities

Category 1.2 million beds, 0.4 million beds, 0.7 million beds and 0.2 million beds.

Department stores and food 1 2 4 7 10 20

Comprehensive class a 2 3 5 8 12 20

Equipment category b 2 5 10 20 35 50

Service category c 1 2 4 7 12 30

Tourism consulting and vehicle rental station P 1 1 ~ 222 ~ 3

Bank 1 1 2 2

Real estate office 1 22 ~ 3 3

Total 6 12 26 47 75 123

Note 1: It is assumed that the minimum occupancy rate of the hotel is 50%.

Note 2: p indicates that it can be set.

A includes: medicines, books and newspapers, tobacco, flowers and trees, handicrafts and gifts.

B Including: sporting goods, camera supplies, local products, furniture and fashion.

C includes: diet, haircut, laundry, refueling, car repair, indoor.

The average area of a single store in the tourist area is 90 ~ 130 square meters. But some stores can be organized together and managed by a center, and different types of stores can be mixed and organized to create interesting and diverse public shopping environments.

A.2.2 recreational facilities

The total construction area of entertainment buildings is suggested to be estimated according to the index of 0. 1 ~ 0.2m 2/ bed. In addition to the items listed in Table 2, recreational facilities can also be equipped with botanical gardens, exhibition and entertainment buildings, zoos, etc. According to the specific conditions of tourist areas.

Table A.2 Sub-indicators of recreational facilities

Category 1.2 million beds, 0.4 million beds, 0.7 million beds and 0.2 million beds.

300-600 cinemas 1 1 1 2

Multifunctional hall 200-1000m211

500 square meters open-air shadow play? 1 1 1 1 1

Book reading150-500m2 PPP11

Youth center? P 1 1 1

Nightclubs and dance halls150-200m2? 1.2 February 3rd March 4th

Note 1: If it is possible to expand the tourist area, it can be set up.

Note 2: p indicates that it can be set.

A.2.3 sports facilities

The total area of outdoor sports venues can be estimated according to the index of 5 ~ 8 square meters per bed, and the area of entertainment buildings can be estimated according to the index of 0.2 square meters per bed. In addition to the sports activities listed in Table 3, other activities can be organized according to their own conditions, such as mountaineering, field trips, underwater appreciation, surfing, etc.

Table A.3 Sub-item Distribution Indicators of Sports Facilities

Scale1.0000 beds, 2000 beds, 4000 beds, 7000 beds and 2000 beds.

The venue is 2000m2 1 246 1 16.

Basketball and volleyball court 800 square meters 1 1 2 4

Tennis court p1~ 42 ~ 84 ~106 ~128 ~ 20

Indoor tennis (25× 40m2) 1

Gymnasium 250 ~ 1000 square meters PP11/

Indoor swimming pool 500 ~ 2500m211112.

Happy valley center P 1 1 1

Ma Hao 10 15 25

Small golf course 5000 square meters p p 1 2 3

Note: p means it can be set.

A.2.4 Management and medical facilities

The total construction area of management and medical facilities in the tourist area can be estimated by the index of 0.2 square meters/bed.

Table A.4 Sub-distribution indicators of management and medical facilities

Category 1.2 million beds, 0.4 million beds, 0.7 million beds and 0.2 million beds.

Administrative center p?

Tourism consulting service

Post office p?

Fire brigade p

Police station (seasonal) P P? ?

Maintenance station

Medical clinic (m2) p100 200 4001000 2000

Child care service p?

Nursery (m2) P 100 150 250 400 500

Medical staff in internal medicine11~ 22 ~ 62 ~10

Dentist (person) P P 1 1

Masseur (person) P 1 1 1

Pharmacist (person) P 1 1 1 ~ 2 2 ~ 3

Other medical personnel (persons) 1 2 3 5 5

Note 1: Maintenance stations include roads, gardens, garbage disposal, snow sweeping, etc.

Note 2: p indicates that setting can be considered.

A.2.5 hotel area index

It is recommended to follow Table A.5. ..

Table A.5 Hotel area indicators

Five stars, four stars, three stars and two stars.

Guest room section 46 4 1 39 34

Public part 4 4 3 2

Diet part 1 1 10 9 7

Administrative affairs 9 9 8 6

Engineering room 9 8 7 4

Qita 2 1 0 0

Spare area 5 5 4 1

The total area is 86 76 ~ 80 68 ~ 72 54 ~ 56.

A.2.6 tourist apartment area index

It is recommended to follow Table A.6. ..

Table A.6 Area Index of Tourist Apartment

Facilities and area dual-purpose bedroom, one bedroom, two bedrooms and three bedrooms.

Minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum general minimum.

The number of beds is 2 ~ 33 ~ 45 ~ 67 ~ 8

Net living room area m214 2014 2016 2418 30

Net kitchen area m2 2 2 2 3 4 5 5

Net area of toilet m2 3 4 3 5 4 7 5 6

The net area of the bedroom is 8 9 8 10 8 10 square meters.

8 9 8 9

7 8

The net area of aisles and cabinets is m24588111215.

Total net area m2130 32 45 48 66 63 84

The total area is m2 27 39 4158 62 86 82112.

A3 environmental quality

A.3. 1 tourist areas can be divided into:

Sightseeing products: including natural landscape (such as famous mountains and rivers) and human landscape (such as places of interest and historical sites, urban entertainment, etc. ).

Holiday products: including forest products, mountain products, grassland products, hot spring products, skiing products, seashore products, rivers and lakes products, etc.

Featured products: including sports, adventure, cruise, scientific investigation and other tourism products.

The above products may appear alone or cross each other in the same tourist area.

A.3.2 Tourist areas adopt different environmental quality standards according to different product types and tourist capacity. For tourist areas spanning two or more product types, higher environmental quality standards should be adopted.

A.3.3 The planning and design of cultural landscape tourist areas shall meet the following environmental quality standards:

A) the green rate is not less than 30%;

B) The atmospheric environment reaches the first-class standard of GB3095- 1996;

C) The recreational water bodies in direct contact with human body meet the GB12941-1A standard, and the landscape recreational water bodies in indirect contact with human body meet the GB12941-/B standard.

D) environmental noise meets the requirements of GB3096.

E) the sanitation of public places meets the requirements of GB9663-9673 and GB 16 153.

A.3.4 The planning and design of natural landscape tourist areas and holiday tourist areas shall meet the following environmental quality standards:

A) Except skiing, seashore and rivers and lakes tourist areas, the green area of other tourist areas shall not be less than 50%;

B) The atmospheric environment reaches the first-class standard of GB3095- 1996;

C) The recreational water body in direct contact with human body reaches the GB-12941-1A standard, and the landscape recreational water body in indirect contact with human body reaches GB12941-199.

D) the environmental noise reaches the class standard of GB3096- 1993O;

E) the sanitation of public places meets the requirements of GB9663-9673 and GB 16 153.

A.3.5 Characteristic tourism products should be planned and designed according to the special requirements of environmental quality protection of characteristic products.