When will civilization become a "carrying item" for tourists? Civilized behavior guidelines are difficult to implement

When will civilization become tourists' "carrying items"? Civilized behavior guidelines are difficult to implement

Since 2006, the National Tourism Administration, in collaboration with relevant ministries and commissions, has issued more than ten notices on civilized tourism for Chinese tourists And the specific measures can be described as meticulous. However, in the view of industry insiders, there are still some problems with the current relevant laws and regulations. The Tourism Law imposes civilized travel obligations on tourists. However, the legal liability after violation is only that the travel agency can terminate the contract and compensate the travel agency for its losses in accordance with the law. If the benefits of not terminating the contract are greater, then the travel agency will not terminate the contract even if the tourist violates the regulations of civilized tourism. For those tourists who choose to travel independently, this legal provision is beyond their reach.

Civilized tourism not only relies on the inner consciousness of tourists, but also the institutional constraints. It is necessary to maximize the binding force of rules that were originally in a suspended and "scarecrow" state

□ Reporter Zhao Li

The quality of tourists has been further improved;

Uncivilized behavior is mainly reflected in environmental sanitation, public order and cultural relics protection;

< p>Tourists' awareness of civilized tourism is stronger than their behavior, and self-discipline is stronger than that of others;

Tourists mainly obtain civilized tourism information from scenic spots, official websites, e-commerce, and media;

Customs Publicity is the focus of civilized tourism construction.

The above conclusion comes from a domestic survey organized by the tourism bureaus (committees) of 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country and involving more than 200,000 people.

The travel situation of tourists during this year’s Spring Festival holiday confirms the above survey-compared with the uncivilized tourism phenomena that were frequently exposed in previous years, there were not many similar tourist attractions during this year’s Spring Festival. This can be seen from one aspect Reflects the increasing awareness of civilized travel. However, just because there are not many uncivilized behaviors exposed does not mean that there are none. For example, on the fifth day of the Lunar New Year, the Ditan Temple Fair Park in Beijing experienced a peak of passenger flow, and some uncivilized behaviors also occurred. For example, the vermilion wall of the altar was "printed" with rows of shoe prints, and parents let their children sit under the tree. There are many situations such as urination. Looking at Tianjin again, on Ancient Culture Street, the small vendors occupying the road forced motor vehicles to detour; in front of the Century Clock near Tianjin Station, many lawns were trampled into "area patches".

According to comprehensive calculations by the National Tourism Administration Data Center, the total number of tourists received nationwide on January 31 was 37.7 million, a year-on-year increase of 14.0%; tourism revenue was 51 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.3%.

With such a huge number of travels, the civilized and uncivilized behaviors behind them are particularly conspicuous, which makes people have to worry - when will uncivilized tourist behaviors disappear? After all, in recent years, the central and local governments have continuously emphasized "civilized tourism", and the National Tourism Administration and some localities have also issued special regulations to promote civilized tourism. However, in this context, the problem of uncivilized tourism is still common.

There are three major reasons for “uncivilized behavior”

What exactly is uncivilized behavior in tourism?

The answer given by Lin Derong, professor of management at Xiamen University is - Generally speaking, uncivilized tourism behavior involves living habits, customs and laws, etc., mainly referring to the behavior of tourists during their participation in the tour. The behavior is between conforming to social ethics and relevant laws and regulations and violating social ethics and relevant laws and regulations, and causing adverse effects or irreparable losses to the resources, environment, residents, other tourists and even themselves of the tourist destination.

On the contrary, what is civilized tourism?

“Civilized tourism is a comprehensive manifestation of civilized behaviors that tourism subjects have civilized perceptions, emotions, knowledge, and responsibilities when participating in tourism. Its essence is the integration of human civilization and social civilization in tourism activities and operations. Reflection is the harmonious relationship between people-people, people-things, people-place shown by tourists and stakeholders as the main body. However, when it is goal-oriented, civilized tourism is still an advanced stage of tourism and is also a step in building ecological civilization. An important way." Huang Xijia, director of the Tourism Planning and Research Center of Nanchang University, commented.

In recent years, uncivilized tourist behaviors have emerged one after another, including spitting, graffiti, slovenliness, and lack of order.

Chang Deyuan, who has 5 years of experience as a tour guide and is currently running an online travel company, told reporters that, in a nutshell, there are three types of uncivilized travel behavior by the public:

The first is the ignorant type, which is ignorance of different cultures resulting in unconscious disrespect;

The second is the habitual type, although the public recognizes and accepts the differences between different cultures, due to behavioral habits The third type is the indulgent type, which generally takes self-satisfaction as the principle and releases unethical instincts and behaviors at will in pursuit of a "high-quality" tourism experience. The selfish behavior highlights the lack of basic moral quality and civilized self-discipline of some people.

For a long time, uncivilized tourism behavior has been largely attributed to internal problems such as the moral level of tourists. After long-term governance, many people in the industry have noticed that there are many factors that lead to uncivilized tourism behavior.

“Due to the lack of integrity mechanism, some tourists are wary of tourism service staff cheating and ripping off customers, and have no time to take into account their own bad habits; some tourism service staff are like plucking their hair, relying on ripping off customers and kickbacks to make profits. We pay no attention to uncivilized tourism operations; there are even a very small number of citizens who have disordered value orientations and poor conduct, who simply harm others or benefit themselves at the expense of others, and consciously 'behavior' in tourism activities," Chang Deyuan said.

In addition, Chang Deyuan also mentioned the issue of tourism hardware, “my country’s public products and public services used to ensure the quality of public leisure have not yet reached a very sufficient level, and some people have long-term problems. The awareness of seizing, illegally occupying, and illegally occupying public resources, the weak sense of public order, and the incomplete service facilities of some tourist companies further encourage some tourists to unconsciously become uncooperative. Psychology and ‘Uncivil’ Behavior”.

“The stage of development of China’s tourism industry and its international influence are another reason for the occurrence of uncivilized tourism behaviors. First of all, the development of China’s tourism industry started late, and the experience pursued by mass tourism still remains in the past. In terms of sensory satisfaction, which mainly consists of material consumption, tourists act like consumers and act recklessly under the guidance of the 'pleasure principle', which leads to uncivilized behaviors such as crowding, noise and disorder during travel." Zhejiang Gongshang University. Guo Lufang, professor of tourism and urban management at Wuhan University, said that secondly, the public has not been able to go abroad on a large scale for a short period of time. They lack recognition and recognition of multiple cultures, and the learning and training of "tourism skills" are relatively lagging behind, resulting in "other The lack of awareness of "tourists" directly leads to tourists' behaviors that are ignorant, fearless, and self-disciplined. "Finally, countries around the world have different ways of thinking, value orientations, and moral standards. International tourism is the collision and intersection of heterogeneous cultures." It provides space to form a specific 'cultural marginal domain', in which traditional Chinese culture often lacks the right to speak and influence, and certain cultural symbols are easily misinterpreted and labeled as 'uncivilized'."

Civilized behavior guidelines are difficult to implement

It is undeniable that in recent years, the issue of civilized tourism among Chinese tourists has gradually become the focus of the spotlight.

In recent years, my country has begun to intervene in the issue of civilized tourism behavior of Chinese citizens traveling abroad from the perspective of national image and national soft power. According to incomplete statistics, since 2006, the National Tourism Administration, in collaboration with relevant ministries and commissions, has issued more than ten notices and specific measures for civilized tourism for Chinese tourists, such as the "Action Plan to Improve the Civilized Tourism Quality of Chinese Citizens" and "Top Ten Reminders for Civilized Tourism" The "Guidelines for Civilized Behavior for Chinese Citizens Traveling Abroad" and so on can be described as meticulous.

Anxiety from the public is also rising. Relevant tourism associations and leading companies have issued "civilized tourism initiatives" to actively follow up, and appeals from insightful people have also frequently appeared in newspapers. Since 2014, the National Tourism Administration has unprecedentedly raised the issue of "tourism civilization" to the level of tourism diplomacy, comprehensively promoted civilized tourism for all, and triggered a positive response from the whole society to civilized tourism by issuing a "tourist blacklist" warning. .

In June 2016, the National Tourism Administration issued the "Interim Measures for the Management of Uncivilized Behavior Records in Tourism", known as the new version of the "Tourism Blacklist", which included the uncivilized business practices of tourism practitioners. 24 tourists and tourism practitioners have been on the list; during the 2016 National Day holiday, the National Tourism Administration launched the holiday tourism "Red and Black List" to commend a group of outstanding tourism agencies, tourism practitioners and civilized tourists, and also to Tourism operating units with poor management and services and uncivilized tourists were exposed.

As the publicity atmosphere for civilized tourism becomes increasingly strong, various distinctive and colorful civilized tourism themed activities have been held in various places. From tourist attractions and transportation stations to schools and communities, volunteers have spontaneously promoted , local residents actively cooperate, and the social trend of everyone participating in civilized tourism is gradually forming.

However, according to industry insiders, there are still some problems with the current relevant laws and regulations.

"The National Tourism Administration has included the "Guidelines on Civilized Behavior of Chinese Citizens in Outbound Tourism" and the "Convention on Civilized Behavior of Chinese Citizens in Domestic Tourism" as attachments to the tourism contract. The "Convention on Civilized Behavior of Chinese Citizens in Domestic Tourism" lists the requirements for maintaining environmental sanitation There are eight types of civilized tourism regulations, such as abiding by public order and protecting the ecological environment. Each type of regulations is divided into subdivisions. The total list lists 28 behaviors that are in line with or against civilized tourism, but there are practices among them. "Substantial problems in application." In this regard, Tong Jianjun, associate professor of social sciences at Sun Yat-sen University, believes that there are several problems. There is a parallel relationship between these eight general civilized tourism norms and their subdivided specific tourism behaviors. Or an inclusive relationship? Do they exhaust all uncivilized tourist behaviors? How to operate these specific travel behaviors that are prohibited or promoted?

Tong Jianjun gave an example, for example, "not wasting meals" is a tourist civilization, but is it only CDs that are not wasted? Is it a waste to abandon the food due to the taste or variety of the food? "Does touching the outer walls of ancient buildings constitute a prohibition on 'not climbing or touching cultural relics'? How long does it take to constitute 'not occupying public facilities for a long time'"?

At the same time, some insiders said that the Tourism Law imposes civilized travel obligations on tourists, “However, the legal liability after violation is only that the travel agency can terminate the contract and compensate the travel agency for its losses according to law.

If the benefits of not terminating the contract are greater, then the travel agency will not terminate the contract even if the tourist violates the regulations of civilized tourism. For those tourists who choose to travel independently, this legal provision is even beyond their reach. "Chang Deyuan said.

Civilization relies on consciousness but also requires systems

When talking about the future of China's civilized tourism, almost all industry insiders interviewed mentioned "the greatness of citizens" The key word "virtue international".

Indeed, "the warehouse is solid and you know the etiquette, and the food and clothing are sufficient, you know the honor and disgrace." However, from "the warehouse is solid" and "the food and clothing are sufficient" to "knowing the etiquette" and "knowing the honor and disgrace" "It is not natural. National quality education is the fundamental way to achieve this transformation. Civilization is a habit, and habits must be developed from an early age.

"National quality education should start from young people. Taking the development of culture as a breakthrough in the implementation of civilized tourism quality education, highlighting the normative education of moral standards and the correction of civilized bad habits, so that young people can develop good qualities and behaviors that consciously abide by social ethics and behavioral norms. Habit. "Guo Lufang said.

In addition, Guo Lufang pointed out that tourism is usually a cross-regional and cross-cultural activity. Cultural differences and people's curiosity constitute the driving force for tourism attraction and tourism activities. "Host and guest In communication, cultural barriers can easily cause tension or even conflict in the relationship between the two parties. Recognition and respect are the only ways to resolve them. Recognizing and acknowledging differences is the prerequisite for respecting differences. Only when tourists correctly identify the moral norms and ethical standards of the target culture can they be self-disciplined."

In this regard, Chang Deyuan also suggested that pre-trip instructions Common practices such as meeting and issuing travel brochures are considered to be effective ways to eliminate the first type of "ignorant" uncivilized tourism behavior, but the effect is very little. "Modern information technology can be used to develop mobile terminal APPs and integrate the laws and regulations of tourist destinations." , customs, etiquette, religious taboos and other information for outbound tourists to check at any time; based on real-time positioning, tourists can be notified of taboo behaviors and civilized warnings in the area or place they are in immediately.

"Civilized Tourism" Not only does it depend on tourists' inner consciousness, but institutional constraints are equally important, especially for the governance of the third type of 'indulgent' uncivilized tourism behavior. Chang Deyuan said that the "Interim Measures for the Management of Records of Uncivilized Tourist Behavior" issued by the National Tourism Administration has a deterrent effect on uncivilized tourism behavior to a certain extent and has positive significance for regulating tourist behavior.

However, , some people in the industry also said that the system still has problems such as vague definition standards and insufficient punishment, and there are doubts that "form is greater than content". "On the one hand, the determination of uncivilized tourism behavior cannot be generalized, and grade standards and judgment basis should be formulated. Different disciplinary measures are adopted for each level; on the other hand, the supervision of uncivilized tourism behavior should follow the principle of 'violations must be punished and punishments must be severe', and records of tourists' uncivilized behavior should be included in the social credit system, and reports should be submitted to the public security, customs, and border authorities. Notifications were made to the credit reporting agencies of the Provincial People's Government, the People's Bank of China, and the People's Bank of China, which have a real impact on the lives of those on the list. "Guo Lufang said that only in this way can the "tourist blacklist" system get rid of the image of "scarecrow in the field" and effectively curb all kinds of chaos in tourism. In addition, due to the increasing scale of outbound tourism, direct supervision of uncivilized tourism behavior There are certain difficulties. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Tourism Law, we can establish a full-course civilized tourism responsibility system for travel agencies, strengthen the obligations of tour guides and tour leaders to remind and guide civilized tourism, and protect the public’s civilized tourism.

In addition, Lin Derong suggested that it is more important to innovate the civilized tourism publicity and supervision platform and public service system, continue to use "Internet +" and new media to open a new model of civilized tourism, so that the original "scarecrow" can be suspended At the same time, all types of media, especially new media, should be combined to increase supervision and exposure of uncivilized tourism behavior and increase punishment. In addition to the travel blacklist, Wuhan's civilized tourism measures can also be followed. The Civilized Tourism Bank promotes it nationwide and popularizes the "Civilized Tourism Photography" public welfare activity nationwide, collecting pictures reflecting civilized tourism and uncivilized tourism, completely changing the history of tourists who have contributed to consumption but are not respected.