Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Tourist attractions - Enlightenment of Diary of a Dian You to Classical Chinese

Enlightenment of Diary of a Dian You to Classical Chinese

1. diary of Yunnan trip.

Text/(Ming) Xu Xiake

Suddenly I saw a hole facing east on the cliff, and I climbed up. (1) Climbed very hard (①). After walking half a mile, there is not enough soil to cut. (2) Climb the grass roots and climb. Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, stones are not strong. If you practice it, you will fall. If you climb up, you will be a little sticky. If you stick your finger to the wall, you can't move a step. If you want to go up, you won't be any help. Your life is not in danger. For a long time, first try to make its hands and feet indestructible. ④ ③ There are stones everywhere, then move one hand in the air, move one foot with the air, and then move the other hand in the air. Fortunately, the stones will not fall. I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up. ……

(Excerpted from Xu Xiake's Travel Notes)

(1) cut steeply. (2) falling. 3 posts are the same as "posting". (4) Destruction and cracking.

1. Consult the reference book and pay attention to the word "between" in "those that become a little sticky". ( 1)

2. Understand the charm of classical Chinese. Please read the original text carefully and fill in the classical Chinese words "Zhi", "Yi" and "Qi" in (1), (2) and (3) according to your own language sense. (2 points)

Please read the underlined sentences several times and break them with three commas after fluency. (2 points)

4. The author's difficult climbing experience is thought-provoking. What impressed you most after reading it? Please write your thoughts according to the specific content in the article. The number of words is about 40. (3 points)

Answer: 1. ( 1)Jian

2.(2 points) (1) its; (2) Right; (3) it。 (1 one wrong deduction, 2 points at most. )

3.(2 points) If you want to go up, no one will help you. If you want to go down, you have no land, and you have never been in danger in your life. (1 one quota, with a maximum of 2 points. )

4.(3 points) (No "standard answer". The core ability of this topic is to understand the connotation of the work and get useful enlightenment. Understand clearly, conform to the meaning of the text, and think properly. )

2. Xu Xiake's Yunnan Diary and its translation.

Suddenly I saw a hole in the southeast of the cliff, and I climbed up. (1) Climbed very hard (①). After walking half a mile, there is not enough soil to cut. (2) Climb the grass roots and climb. Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, the stone is not strong. If you practice it, it will fall off. If you climb it, it will fall off. If you get a little sticky, you will hang your finger. If you stick to the wall, you can't move a step Want to go up, no help, no life experience. For a long time, first try to make its hands and feet indestructible. 3 Stones are everywhere, then one hand moves in the air, one foot moves with the air, and the other hand and foot move in the air. Fortunately, the stones will not fall. I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up.

Excerpt from Xu Xiake's Travel Notes)

Note ① [Cutting] steep ② [Falling] ③ [Damage] cracking

28. The phonetic notation of "between" in "Micro Stickers". ginger

29. Understand the charm of classical Chinese. Please read the original text carefully and fill in the classical Chinese words "Zhi", "Yi" and "Qi" in (1), (2) and (3) according to your own language sense.

(1) Its (2) is taken as (3)

30. Read the underlined sentences several times and break them with three commas after fluency.

It doesn't help to think about it. If you want to go down, there is no land and life is not in danger.

3 1. The author's hard climbing experience is thought-provoking. What impressed you most after reading it? Please write your thoughts according to the specific content in the article. Rao Yu Xue Wang Wen

A: The spirit of being fearless and daring to climb.

Translation:

Suddenly, I found a cave with its mouth facing east on the cliffs, and I climbed up with my head up. The top of the cliff is very steep. After climbing for half a mile, the earth cliff was too steep to rest, so I grabbed the grass roots and climbed up. After a while, the grass roots couldn't help me, but fortunately I came to the cliff area; But the stone is not strong, it will fall off if you step on it, and it will fall off if you scratch it. Occasionally, I can find a slightly solid stone. When my feet are tight, my fingers are caught, just like sticking to a cliff, and I can't move a step. I want to go up without assistance and there is no place to go down. This is the most dangerous situation I have ever experienced in my life. After a long time, I first tried to find a solid stone around my hands and feet, and then I moved one hand and another foot in the air. After firmly grasping one hand and one foot, I moved the other hand and the other foot in the air. Fortunately, the stone didn't fall. I fell limply for a long time, but I got up.

3. The full text of "Xu Xiake's Travel Diary in Yunnan" explains the original text: Suddenly I saw a hole on the cliff, so I climbed up. It's rough. After walking half a mile, the soil is not cut enough, so we have to climb the grass roots. Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, the stone is not strong, it will fall if you practice it, and it will fall if you climb it. If you get a little sticky, you can't move a step. If you want to go up, you can't help yourself. You've never experienced more dangers in your life. For a long time, I tried to get the indestructible stone with both hands and feet, then one hand moved in the air, one foot moved in the air, and the other hand moved in the air. Fortunately, the stone will not fall; I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up. ……

1. Consult the reference book and pay attention to the word "between" in "those that become a little sticky". ( 1)

Please read the underlined sentences several times and break them with three commas after fluency. (2 points)

Answer: 1. ( 1)Jian

2.(2 points) (1) its; (2) Right; (3) it。 (1 one wrong deduction, 2 points at most. )

3.(2 points) If you want to go up, no one will help you. If you want to go down, you have no land, and you have never been in danger in your life. (1 one quota, with a maximum of 2 points. )

4. Translation of Diary of a Journey to Yunnan in Classical Chinese (Xu Ming Chivalrous Man):

Suddenly, I found a cave with its mouth facing east on the cliffs, and I climbed up with my head up. The top is very steep. After climbing for half a mile, the earth cliff was too steep to rest, so I grabbed the grass roots and climbed up.

After a long time, I first tried to find a solid stone around my hands and feet, and then I moved one hand and another foot in the air. After firmly grasping one hand and one foot, I moved the other hand and the other foot in the air. Fortunately, the stone didn't fall. I fell limply for a long time, but I got up.

Original text:

Suddenly I saw a hole facing east on the cliff, and I climbed up. It's rough. After walking half a mile, the soil is not cut enough, so we have to climb the grass roots. Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, the stone is not strong, it will fall if you practice it, and it will fall if you climb it. If you get a little sticky, you can't move a step. If you want to go up, you can't help yourself. You've never experienced more dangers in your life.

For a long time, I tried to get the indestructible stone with both hands and feet, then one hand moved in the air, one foot moved in the air, and the other hand moved in the air. Fortunately, the stone will not fall; I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up.

Extended data:

Working background:

Travel Notes in Yunnan is an essay by Xu Xiake in Ming Dynasty. The author likes reading ancient and modern history books, geographical records, mountain and sea maps, etc. Since he was 2 1 year old, he has traveled all over China for more than 30 years. Wherever he went, he recorded the mountains and rivers, geology and landforms, climate of products and folk customs he had visited on the spot in the form of a diary. After his death, some of his diaries were edited into a book "Xu Xiake's Travels" by friends.

Xu Xiake (1587 65438+1October 5-16465438+March 8) was born in Jiangyin, South Zhili (now Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province). After 30 years' investigation, geographers, travelers and writers in Ming Dynasty wrote a 600,000-word geographical masterpiece "Travels of Xu Xiake", which is called "a strange man through the ages".

5. The original and translation of Yunnan Diary Xu Xiake's Yunnan Diary suddenly saw a cliff with a hole in the southeast, and I climbed it.

(1) Climbed very hard (①). After walking half a mile, there is not enough soil to cut. (2) Climb the grass roots and climb. Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, the stone is not strong. If you practice it, it will fall off. If you climb it, it will fall off. If you get a little sticky, you will hang your finger. If you stick to the wall, you can't move a step Want to go up, no help, no life experience.

For a long time, first try to make its hands and feet indestructible. 3 Stones are everywhere, then one hand moves in the air, one foot moves with the air, and the other hand and foot move in the air. Fortunately, the stones will not fall. I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up. Excerpt from Xu Xiake's Travels) Notes ① [Cut] Steep ② [Fall] ③ [Destroy] Crack 28. The phonetic notation of "Jane" in "Slightly Sticking People".

Ji 29. Reading the charm of classical Chinese. Please read the original text carefully and fill in the classical Chinese words "Zhi", "Yi" and "Qi" in (1), (2) and (3) according to your own language sense.

(1) Its (2) is 30 of (3). Read the underlined sentences several times and separate them with three commas after fluency. It doesn't help to think about it. If you want to go down, there is no land and life is not in danger.

3 1. The author's hard climbing experience is thought-provoking. What impressed you most after reading it? Please write your thoughts according to the specific content in the article.

Rao Xue Chinese Network replied: The spirit of courage to climb. Suddenly, I found a cave with its mouth facing east on the cliffs, and I climbed up with my head up.

The top of the cliff is very steep. After climbing for half a mile, the earth cliff was too steep to rest, so I grabbed the grass roots and climbed up. After a while, the grass roots couldn't help me, but fortunately I came to the cliff area; But the stone is not strong, it will fall off if you step on it, and it will fall off if you scratch it. Occasionally, I can find a slightly solid stone. When my feet are tight, my fingers are caught, just like sticking to a cliff, and I can't move a step. I want to go up without assistance and there is no place to go down. This is the most dangerous situation I have ever experienced in my life.

6. What are the original and translated versions of Yunnan Travel Diary? Original: Go back to Guizhou and enter Yunnan, and have a high pillow for one night.

As soon as the fire started, the master said, "It's 20 miles from here to the Huangni River. It is impossible to cross the river when the water rises, and you need to wait less. " The Beggars' Sect has no place to live on the east bank of the river, and those who leave first are waiting.

I'm afraid to go back and forth when I see that the rain hasn't finished. I just swept the floor and wiped the boards a few times. I sat in the open air and got wet with cold. Covered with thatch, the eastern half is livestock and horses, and the western half is a donation from the owner. Wet wages were simmered on the spot before the couch, thinking that it was a fire pond in Yunnan, only a few places in the north, only a fire away from its couch.

You can lie down at night and hide by the fire at night. Although the rain stopped, the eaves were low and the outside was muddy, so it was impossible to distinguish the mountains at once.

On the second day of New Year's Day, it still rained heavily. The host said: "The higher today, the harder it is to cross the boat.

Tomorrow is a street, a market in Guizhou, a street in Yunnan and a market in Guangxi. There are many people waiting for the ferry, and the boat is coming.

Well, I'll go with you, too. "I have to, from it.

If you sit like yesterday, simmer porridge on the fire and drink three mouthfuls a day, and your intestines will be wet. At noon, the rain stopped a little.

Suddenly I heard the cry of Xiling, and all the people in the village responded. When asked, the jackal came to bear the sheep. Fortunately, the rescuer was injured and did not die.

In broad daylight, fierce beasts are in power, and the rest of the night, I am lucky and fearless, and I can forget the spirit of heaven and earth! Suddenly I saw a hole facing east on the cliff, and I climbed up. It's rough. After walking half a mile, the soil is not cut enough, so we have to climb the grass roots.

Grassroots are blameless, but fortunately stones; However, the stone is not strong, it will fall if you practice it, and it will fall if you climb it. If you get a little sticky, you can't move a step. If you want to go up, you can't help yourself. You've never experienced more dangers in your life. For a long time, I tried to get the indestructible stone with both hands and feet, then one hand moved in the air, one foot moved in the air, and the other hand moved in the air. Fortunately, the stone will not fall; I fell limply, and for a long time, I was lucky to get up.

On the first day of September in Wuyin year (the 11th year of Chongzhen 1638), it rained all night. Get up to see the mountain at the junction of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and get out of the gorge.

[Bitong is at the foot of the mountain in the southwest of the canyon, and the mountain in the north is a red Banqiao, which belongs to the boundary of Guizhou Province. I left Guizhou Province and went to Yunnan Province, where I slept peacefully all night.

While he was cooking in the fireplace, the host said, "It is twenty miles away from the Huangni River. As soon as the river rises, the boat can't cross it. You must wait for a while. " Because no one lives on the east bank of the Huangni River, those who go to the river first must come back here and wait.

Seeing that the rain didn't stop, I was afraid to go back and forth, so I cleaned a small place in the humble hut, wiped the board and sat as a small table. When it's cold, I burn wet firewood with Yi women near the fire pit. In this thatched cottage, horses are raised in the east and the owner's bed in the west. There is a fire pit buried in front of the bed, which is used to barbecue wet firewood. To the north of the fire pit is the place where I put my small table, which is separated from the master's bed by a fire pit.

Sleep in thatch at night and sit on a small table next to the fireplace during the day. Sometimes the rain stops, but the eaves are low and the door is muddy, so you can't see the mountains clearly when you look up.

It rained all night on the second day of the lunar new year. The host said: "Today, the river has risen even higher, and ships are even more sad about the river.

Tomorrow is Jiezi, which is called "Chang" in Guizhou Province, "Jiezi" in Yunnan Province and "Market" in Guangxi Province. There are so many people waiting for the ferry to cross the river that the ferry has to cross the river.

Then I'll go with you. "I have no other choice but to listen.

Sitting in the house like yesterday, cooking porridge on the fire, three meals a day, can moisten the withered stomach. At noon that day, the rain gradually stopped.

Suddenly I heard shouts from the west mountain. All the men, women and children in the stockade rushed over in response to the shouts in the distance. I didn't know it was the jackal who came to drag the sheep until I asked. Fortunately, it was saved in time, and the sheep was injured but not dead.

At noon in broad daylight, there are wild animals on the road. I walked in the jungle all night, but I was lucky not to be scared. How can I forget the blessings of the gods and the earth? Suddenly, I found a cave with its mouth facing east on the cliffs, and I climbed up with my head up. The top of the cliff is very steep. After climbing for half a mile, the earth cliff was too steep to rest, so I grabbed the grass roots and climbed up.

After a while, the grass roots couldn't help me, but fortunately I came to the cliff area; But the stone is not strong, it will fall off if you step on it, and it will fall off if you scratch it. Occasionally, I can find a slightly solid stone. When my feet are tight, my fingers are caught, just like sticking to a cliff, and I can't move a step. I want to go up without assistance and there is no place to go down. This is the most dangerous situation I have ever experienced in my life. After a long time, I first tried to find a solid stone around my hands and feet, and then I moved one hand and another foot in the air. After firmly grasping one hand and one foot, I moved the other hand and the other foot in the air. Fortunately, the stone didn't fall. I fell limply for a long time, but I got up.

Extended data:

Appreciation: Yunnan, now Yunnan Province, has Dianchi Lake, so it is called "Yunnan". Travel Notes of Yunnan is the most written travel notes so far, with a wide range of contents, involving scenic figures and folk customs in Yunnan, and detailed textual research. It is an important material for studying Yunnan's tourism resources and folk culture today.

Travel Notes of Yunnan is the most abundant part of Xu Xiake's works, which describes the scenery, mountains, rivers, specialties and folk customs of Yunnan in the most detailed way. Travel notes can be divided into several sections: Dianchi Lake, Bijiashan, Yandong and Panjiang are the key points in the east and southeast, and there is also a special exam on Panjiang.

In the middle of China, Dianchi Lake is still the axis of its water system mountains. The west and northwest are centered on Erhai Lake, Diancang Mountain (also known as Cangshan Mountain) and Jizu Mountain, and extend to Lijiang and Jiefang Forest in the northwest.

After the travel notes, there are Notes on Jishan and Notes on Jishan I and II, which list the landscapes of Jishan one by one, all of which are well written. Later, there were two articles: A Brief Introduction to Lijiang and The Origin of the French King.

Finally, it is particularly worth mentioning "Tracing the River to Jiyuan". After careful investigation and bold speculation, Xu Xiake mainly analyzed the origin and basin situation of the two largest rivers in China, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.

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