Which countries does the BRICS include?

including: Brazil, Russian, Indian, China, South Africa.

BRICS countries, because they quoted the English initials of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Because the word is similar to the English word Brick, it is called "BRICS".

in p>21, Jim o' neill, chief economist of Goldman Sachs, put forward the concept of "BRIC" for the first time, especially the emerging markets in the world. In 29, BRICS leaders held their first meeting in Yekaterinburg, Russia, and held it once a year thereafter. The establishment of the BRICS leaders' meeting mechanism has provided political guidance and strong impetus for the cooperation and development among BRICS countries.

over the years, BRICS countries have spoken with one voice on major international and regional issues, actively promoted the reform process of global economic governance, and greatly enhanced the representation and voice of emerging market countries and developing countries. After South Africa joined in 21, its English word became "BRICS" and was renamed "BRICS".

the symbol of the BRICS countries is a circle surrounded by the representative colors of the national flags of the five countries, which symbolizes the cooperation and unity of the BRICS countries. On January 1, 215, Russia began to assume the rotating presidency of the BRICS mechanism. Russian President Vladimir Putin said that he will use the presidency to further enhance the influence of the BRICS countries in the world.

On February 15th, 216, India officially took over as the BRICS president, and its term of office lasted until December 31st. On January 1, 217, China officially took over as the BRICS president. President Xi Jinping put forward four expectations for the ninth meeting of BRICS leaders held in Xiamen, Fujian in September 217: deepening pragmatic cooperation and promoting common development; Strengthen global governance and meet challenges; Carry out humanities exchanges and consolidate the foundation of public opinion; Promote mechanism construction and build a broader partnership.

Extended information:

The establishment of

BRICs countries originally refers to five emerging market countries with promising growth prospects: China, Russia, India, Brazil and South Africa. At the initiative of Russia, the four countries (excluding South Africa) held the first BRICS foreign ministers' meeting during the UN General Assembly in September 26, and held it as usual every year thereafter. In June 29, the leaders of the four countries held their first meeting in Yekaterinburg, Russia. In December 21, on the basis of consensus, the four countries formally admitted South Africa into the mechanism, with the English name BRICS. ?

Purpose

The BRICS countries adhere to the principles of openness and transparency, solidarity and mutual assistance, deepening cooperation, striving for development and the BRICS spirit of "openness, tolerance, cooperation and win-win", and are committed to building a closer, more comprehensive and stronger partnership. ?

Member States

1. China

China is the most dynamic economic region in the world, with the highest amount of foreign investment, becoming the production base of the largest enterprise group in the world. Since 21, GDP has surpassed Japanese to rank second. In 213, China's total import and export trade exceeded the historical threshold of 4 trillion US dollars for the first time, reaching 4.16 trillion US dollars, replacing the United States as the world's largest trading country, which attracted strong attention from the outside world.

2. Russia

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in p>1991, Russia changed from a closed and centrally planned economy to an internationally integrated and market-based economy. Russia is already the world's largest natural gas exporter and the second largest oil exporter. ?

3. Brazil

Brazil's gross national product ranks first in Latin America. In addition to the traditional agricultural economy, the production and service industries are also booming, and it has a natural advantage in raw material resources, with the highest reserves of iron, copper, nickel, manganese and bauxite in the world. In addition, emerging industries such as communications and finance are also on the rise. Fernando henrique cardoso, the former president of Brazil and the leader of Brazil's Social Democratic Party, formulated a set of economic development strategies, which laid the foundation for the subsequent economic revitalization.

4. India

India is the second most populous country in the world, and its stock market has grown at an unprecedented scale with more than 6, listed companies. In the past 2 years, India's economy has grown steadily at an average annual rate of 5.6%, and behind the economic front, there is a high-quality employment force. India is the largest developing country with parliamentary system in the world. Twenty years ago, it was one of the poorest countries in the world. Its rapid economic growth only lasted for more than ten years, but it has reached the international advanced level in the fields of software, pharmaceuticals and other industries, and its financial service system is very perfect. It is moving towards a road of transformation from a poor and backward country to an economic power.

5. South Africa

sees the great development potential of the BRICS cooperation mechanism. As the largest economy in southern Africa, South Africa * * and China have always wanted to join the mechanism. The absorption of South Africa into the cooperation mechanism has also enabled the BRIC countries to further strengthen their economic and trade relations with southern African countries. Many South African companies have branches in southern African countries, which are geographically close and have the same customs. Their investment in these relatively underdeveloped countries has the advantages of fast information and low transaction costs. If the investment and trade of the four countries can transit through South Africa, the rate of return will be significantly improved.

in recent years, BRICS cooperation has formed a multi-level structure, led by leaders' meetings, supported by ministerial meetings such as the meeting of senior security representatives and the meeting of foreign ministers, and carried out pragmatic cooperation in dozens of fields such as economy and trade, finance, finance, agriculture, education, health, science and technology, culture, drug control, statistics, tourism, think tanks, sister cities and local government cooperation. ?

Baidu Encyclopedia-BRICS countries