Brief introduction of cherry information

Brief introduction of cherry information

Introduction to Cherry Cherry, also known as cherry, is bright red when ripe, beautifully carved, delicious and delicate, rich in nutrition, and can be used as medicine. It is mild in nature, sweet and slightly sour in taste, and can tonify middle energizer, dispel wind and overcome dampness. I sorted out cherry's profile below.

Cherry 1 Cherry is also known as Ying Tao, Tao Jing, Wei Qitao, Ying Tao, Niu Tao and Zhu Ying.

Cherry belongs to deciduous fruit trees in Rosaceae. Cherry is bright red when it is ripe, beautifully carved, delicious and nutritious, and has high medical and health care value, also known as "Han Tao". The cherries cultivated as fruit trees in China include China cherry, sweet cherry, sour cherry and hairy cherry. Cherry ripens early and has the reputation of the first fruit in early spring. The sweet cherry varieties cultivated in China are mainly European and American varieties, which perform well in northern China. Because European sweet cherry generally needs a low temperature below 7.2℃ for 900- 1400 hours to complete its dormancy in winter, it has limited its large-scale cultivation in southern China. Therefore, China cherry is still the main cultivated variety in southern provinces of China. At the same time, there are few excellent cherry varieties in China, and the cultivated varieties generally show many shortcomings, such as small fruit, sour taste, fruit cracking before harvest, fruit dropping and so on.

Cherry can also be used as medicine, warm and sweet, slightly sour; Enter the spleen and liver meridians. Such as: fruit (cherry); Root (cherry root); Branches (cherry branches); Leaves (cherry leaves); Fruit stone (cherry stone)

Indications: tonify the middle energizer, invigorate qi, dispel wind and overcome dampness. After treatment, the main symptoms are fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitation, listlessness, anorexia, dry throat and thirst, rheumatism, lumbago and leg pain, numbness of limbs, unfavorable joint flexion and extension, chilblain and so on.

In the fruit family, the iron content is generally low, but cherries stand out from the crowd: the iron content per 100 gram of cherries is as high as 59 mg, ranking first among fruits; Vitamin a content is 4 ~ 5 times more than that of grapes, apples and oranges. In addition, cherries also contain vitamins B and C and mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus. Every 100g contains 83g of water, 0.4g of protein/kloc-0, 0.3g of fat, 8g of sugar, 0.4g of carbohydrate/kloc-0, 66kcal of heat, 0.4g of crude fiber, 0.5g of ash, 0.8mg of calcium/kloc-0, and 0.4g of phosphorus/kloc-0. Nicotinic acid 0.4 mg, ascorbic acid 3 mg, potassium 258 mg, sodium 0.7 mg, magnesium 10.6 mg, and rich in vitamin a.

Cherry no.2 cherry (scientific name: sakura. ) is a general term for several plants of Rosaceae and Sakura. There are only four kinds of cherries cultivated in the world, namely, cherry (Lindl. ) g.don), European sweet cherry (Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. ), European sour cherry (Cerasus vulgaris Mill. ) and Prunus tomentosa (Thunb. ) wall. ). Among them, cherry, European sweet cherry and European sour cherry occupy an important position in production. Trees or shrubs, 2-25m high, with grayish white or dark brown bark. Branchlets grayish brown or grayish brown, shoots green, glabrous or puberulent. Winter buds are ovoid, oval and hairless. Leaf blade ovate, elliptic or oblong-ovate, apex acute or shortly acuminate, base rounded or cuneate. Inflorescence umbrella-shaped, 3-4 flowers, leaves and leaves open together; Pedicel 0.8-3.4 cm long, sparse or glabrous; Sepals triangular-ovoid or ovoid-oblong, with obtuse or acute apex; Petals white or pink, obovate. Drupe is nearly spherical or ovoid, red to purple-black, with a diameter of 0.9-2.5 cm. The flowering period is from March to May, and the fruiting period is from May to September.

Mainly distributed in Europe, Asia and North America. Born in hillside forests, forest margins, bushes or grasslands. It is suitable for neutral environment with soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 and grows well on sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and good ventilation.

Cherry has a long history of cultivation in China, and there are many varieties, which can be eaten and used to brew cherry wine. Branches, leaves, roots and flowers can also be used as medicine. Besides fresh food, it can also be processed into cherry sauce, cherry juice, canned cherry, preserved fruit, wine and so on. , with brilliant red color and almond-like aroma, intoxicating. Cherry is also a good dish.

history

The name of cherry was first found in Wupu Materia Medica and Yunan Materia Medica: "Cherry was not produced in this state, but it can be found everywhere today, especially in Luo Zhong and Du Nan. In fact, it is called Zhu Ying when it is cooked, and it is called wax cherry in the Huang Dynasty ... Its wood shade is the first to be cooked, so it is expensive in ancient times. " "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Its glume is like a pearl, so it is called a cherry ... The cherry tree is not very tall, with white flowers in early spring and rich as frost. Leaves have sharp teeth. A branch has dozens of glumes, and it must be guarded when it matures in March. "

Cherry, the ancient name of cherry, is said to be because orioles like to peck, also known as Han Tao. Cherry is shaped like a peach and round like a pearl, so it is usually called "cherry".

Introduction to cherry 3' s main values

Medicinal: sweet in taste and warm in nature. Non-toxic, nourishing blood and kidney. Indications: diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, nocturnal emission due to kidney deficiency, lumbago and leg pain, numbness and paralysis of limbs.

Edible: Cherry is a fresh fruit with good color, fragrance, taste and shape. Besides being eaten fresh, it can also be processed into cherry sauce, cherry juice, canned cherry, preserved fruit, wine and so on. It has a brilliant red color and almond-like aroma, which makes people intoxicated. Cherry is also a good dish.

Ornamental: The cherry tree is beautiful in appearance, civilized in early spring, lush as snow, fragrant as honey, green in leaves, bright as agate, exquisite and lovely, with early flowering, large flowers and many fruits. The fruit is ripe, red and green, and it looks good. At the same time, it has the functions of smoking prevention, dust adsorption and air purification. It is a good economic tree species for gardens, courtyard greening and agricultural tourism economy.

Economy: Cherry belongs to the earliest mature fruit among deciduous fruit trees and is known as "the first branch of spring fruit". Strong adaptability, easy cultivation and management, short fruit development period, basically no pesticides in fruit development period, and it is a veritable green product. Its management labor force is less and its production cost is relatively low. In addition, in the off-season of fruit, the price of fruit is 5- 10 times that of other fruits.

principal item

Eagle Purple Sweet Cherry: Also known as Eagle Mouth, produced in Taihe, Anhui, China. The tree is tall and straight, vigorous and powerful; The fruit is large, oval and has a sharp mouth at the top; The fruit stalk is slender, the peel is thick, and it is easy to separate from the pulp. The ripe fruit is purple and bright. The flesh is yellow and white, the juice is sweet and the quality is excellent. For fresh food to ripen in early May. Another variety, Eryingzui, has small, irregular oval fruit, sharp tip, yellow-white pulp, sweet juice and high quality.

Golden Cherry: Also known as Big Ben, it is produced in Taihe, Anhui, China. The fruit is spherical or heart-shaped, the top is flat or slightly pointed, the skin is golden red, the meat is thick and sweet, and it is most suitable for making candied fruit. The finished product is bright, transparent and beautiful. It is an excellent variety processed at present and will mature in mid-May.

Cherry with drooping silk: produced in Nanjing, China, it is one of the local excellent varieties. The tree is vigorous, the fruit is big, the average fruit weight is 2. 14g, the juice is sweet and the meat is tender. The fruit has bright color, early maturity and high yield. The causal stalk of this variety is slender and drooping, so it is called suspension spring with excellent quality. Due to the early flowering period, it is easy to frost.

Dong Tang Cherry: Produced in Nanjing, China. This tree is very tall, with upright branches and dense leaves. The fruit is round, bright in color, slightly inferior to drooping cherry in quality, high in yield, not cold-tolerant, and ripe in early May. This variety is the most widely cultivated in the suburbs of Nanjing.

Silver Pearl Cherry: produced in Nanjing, China. Small trees, twigs and leaves. The fruit is reddish, so it is called silver beads. The fruit is conical and high-yielding, but the fruit is small and poor in quality, and it ripens in early May. Although the quality of this variety is poor, it is not easy to be frozen because of its late flowering period, small plants, convenient management and many local cultivators.

Short-stalked cherry: produced in Zhuji, Zhejiang, China. The fruit is large, oblate and spherical, with a single fruit weight of 3. 13g, delicate and juicy pulp, moderate sweet and sour taste and good quality. It is one of the best fresh foods among China cherries. Because the skin is thin, it is not resistant to storage and transportation. The fruit stalk is short, thick and straight, so it is named short-stalked cherry, which matures in late April.

Taishan Cherry: Produced in Taishan, Shandong Province, China. The fruit is big and heart-shaped; The skin is red, the flesh is orange, and the sweet and sour taste is moderate. High yield, drought resistance, early maturity in May.

Short stalk and big fruit: produced in Laiyang, Shandong Province. The fruit is big, flat and heart-shaped, deep red, with prominent top; The fruit stems are short and thick, of medium quality, and mature in mid-May.

Dawolou Leaf: It is produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China, and is an excellent local variety. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2-2.5g, round or oblate, dark purple and shiny; The skin is thick, the flesh is yellowish and reddish, the juice is rich, the meat is dense, the nuts fall off, the taste is sweet and the quality is excellent. Mature in early May. This variety is vigorous and erect, mainly bearing bouquets and short fruit branches. It can bear fruit after 2-3 years of ramet propagation, and it will enter the full fruit stage in 6-7 years, with a yield of about 50 kg per plant. Like slightly acidic sandy loam, it grows poorly on cohesive or alkaline soil and has low yield.

Small Wallleaf: also known as pointed leaf cherry and small leaf cherry, produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, is one of the main local varieties. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. The fruit is spherical, purple-red, shiny, with thin skin, yellow flesh, little juice, sweet taste and falling off. Mature in early May. The tree is weak, the branches are open, the middle branches bear fruit, and the fruit parts are easy to move out, so attention should be paid to timely retraction when pruning. Fruiting begins in 2-3 years after plant division, and enters full fruiting period in 6-7 years. The yield per adult tree is about 50 kg, which is relatively high. Strong adaptability, drought resistance and barren resistance.

Tengxian Dahong Sakura: Produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China, it is the main local variety. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. When it is ripe, it is orange-red, shiny, with orange-yellow pulp, rich juice, slightly sour and sweet, aromatic, sticky or semi-sticky, and good quality. The tree is strong and half open. Strong germination. Generally, all buds can germinate into branches except 1-2 buds at the base of branches. Therefore, the canopy is dense, the germination ability of latent buds is weak, and the cavity is easy to be empty. Pay attention to thinning branches and retract and update them in time. Fruiting begins 2-3 years after branching, with high yield. The yield of 50-year-old trees is about 100 kg.

Laoshan Short-stalked Red Cherry: It is produced in Beizhai and Xiage of Laoshan County, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, and is the main local variety. The fruit is large, with an average weight of 2 grams per fruit. The fruit is nearly spherical and the tip of the fruit is not obvious. The fruit is dark red when it is ripe and purple when it is fully ripe. The fruit stalk is short and thick, and the peel is easy to peel; The flesh is yellow, juicy, sticky, sweet and of good quality. It matures in mid-May, and the maturity is inconsistent, so it needs to be harvested in batches. The tree is strong and half open. Strong germination and medium branching ability. It mainly bears short middle fruit branches, is barren and drought-resistant, and is suitable for cultivation on sloping land in mountainous areas.

Zhucheng Yellow Cherry: Also known as Sakura Yellow, it is produced in Zhucheng, Wulian and Rizhao in China. According to local reports, it has been cultivated for more than 300 years and is the main local variety. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2.5 grams. The fruit is spherical, orange-yellow, sunny, shiny, beautiful in appearance, red and yellow in flesh, juicy, moderately sweet and sour, good in flavor and excellent in quality. The peel is thick, the pulp is elastic and resistant to storage and transportation. It ripens in the first half of May and is an excellent variety of fresh food. The tree is medium in potential, half-opened, bearing fruit in 3-4 years after branching, and entering the full fruit period in 8- 10, with high yield. Mature trees yield 20-40 kg per plant, like deep soil, have high requirements for fertilizer and water conditions and poor drought resistance.

Laiyang dwarf cherry: an excellent dwarf China cherry variety found in Laiyang, Shandong, China, was named "dwarf cherry" in 199 1. This variety matured in Laiyang, Shandong Province in late May, and the dwarf cherry has good high-yield performance, short and thick branches, compact and short trees, and is suitable for dwarf and close planting. Early fruiting, easy to early high yield; The fruit is regular in shape, large (1.73g), bright in appearance, juicy, not sweet, good in quality and high in economic benefit. Strong adaptability and stress resistance, easy to cultivate and manage, deeply welcomed by producers and consumers.

Feixian Yellow Cherry: produced in Feixian, Linyi, Junan, Yishui and other places in China. The fruit is yellow or orange with a blush on the sunny side. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. The fruit is peach-shaped or wide-heart-shaped, with a straight tip protruding, thin skin, yellow flesh, juicy, sweet and slightly sour taste, and the stone falls off, with medium quality. Mature in late May, extremely resistant to storage and transportation.