Cultural and historical sites

1. Composition describing China's scenic spots

Jinan, located in the southwest of Shandong Province, is an ancient city with a long history. It has won the recognition of tourists with its three famous scenic spots: Qianfo Mountain, Baotu Spring and Daming Lake. It has the reputation of "every spring and every household weeping willow", which is the pride of the people of Quancheng. Today's children of Quancheng make these three scenic spots more beautiful. There are many clear and sweet springs, which form a beautiful scenic line in Jinan, adding infinite colors to Jinan. Among the 72 most famous springs in Jinan, Baotu Spring is the most famous one. It rolls around the clock and brings vitality to the spring city. Baotu Spring Park is located in the center of Jinan, which is a cultural park dominated by springs. It is known as "you can't travel without visiting Baotu Spring in Jinan". Baotu Spring and more than 2 famous springs nearby, such as Jinxian Spring, Shuyuanquan Spring and Liuxu Spring, form Baotu Spring Group, which is the first of the four spring groups in Jinan. Baotu Spring has many places of interest and profound cultural heritage. It has won countless tourists from ancient times to modern times with its long cultural history. Baotu Spring today is not as brilliant as it used to be because of man-made exploitation of groundwater. However, due to the concern of all levels and the attention of relevant leaders, the people of Quancheng also took action to cherish every drop of water, which revived the springs in Jinan. "Lotus on all sides and willow on all sides, a city with mountains and half a city with lakes" as soon as they heard this poem, People will think of the beautiful Daming Lake. The beautiful Daming Lake is located in the center of Jinan, north of the old city. Among the eight famous scenic spots in Jinan, there are three scenic spots, namely, "boating in the lake, falling autumn wind, and gathering waves at night". Daming Lake is a natural lake where springs converge. When the springs are full, they will be built in the Song Dynasty. Therefore, the water in Daming Lake "never rises, never dries up after a long drought" and can maintain a fixed water level. The area of Daming Lake Park is 86 hectares, of which its lake surface occupies 46 hectares. There are six islands in the lake, such as Lixiating Pavilion, Huiquan Hall and the island in the middle of the lake, and the natural landscape of the park is beautiful and pleasant. The water on the lake is sparkling, kites fly and fish jump, and cruise ships pass by. Daming Lake has been full of lotus since ancient times. Flowers and trees are flourishing. The cultural landscape of Daming Lake Park is also very rich. More than 13 scenic spots and historical sites such as Lixiating Pavilion, Tiegong Temple and Nanfeng Temple are hidden among the beautiful green trees and flowers, and the tourists who come forward show their long history and culture. Qianfo Mountain, one of the three famous scenic spots in Jinan, best reflects the numerous scenic spots and historical sites and profound cultural heritage in Jinan. Qianfo Mountain Park is located in the south of Jinan City. On Qianfo Mountain, there are many different things. Standing in the distance, Qianfo Mountain looks like a huge brocade screen. On the mountainside of Qianfo Mountain, there are "Xingguo Temple" and "Lishan Courtyard". In addition, there are many temples scattered around them, such as "Tang Huaiting", "Qi Yan Jiu Dian" and "Yun Jing Chan Guan". In recent years, Qianfo Mountain has also built a peach garden and a peach garden. Qianfo Mountain will become a tourist attraction integrating mountains, scenic spots and historical sites. In these short years, Jinan has undergone tremendous changes. It confided to tourists the spirit of today's Quancheng people who love Quancheng and are brave in innovation. It praised Jinan's long history and culture, beautiful Jinan, and I am proud of you. 2. What are the ten famous historical and cultural cities in China?

The first place is Beijing: the important towns of Yan and Ji, the capital of Liao, and the old capital of Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a world-famous historical and cultural city with rich underground cultural relics.

second place Xi' an: it is located on the south bank of Weihe River in Guanzhong Plain, formerly known as Chang 'an. Zhou, Qin, Han, Western Jin, Pre-Qin, Qi Zhao, Post-Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang Dou have their capitals here, which is a world-famous historical city.

third place Nanjing: the city has a history of 2471 years. Capital history: Soochow, Eastern Jin Dynasty, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen (Six Dynasties), Southern Tang Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Republic of China

Fourth place Luoyang: it is the famous old capital of nine dynasties in China. The South Longmen Grottoes are the most famous places of interest. East White Horse Temple is the first Buddhist temple in China. There are also the ruins of the ancient city of Han and Wei Dynasties, the ancient city of Western Zhou Dynasty, the ruins of the ancient city of Sui and Tang Dynasties, Guanlin and a large number of ancient tombs.

fifth place Suzhou: Suzhou has preserved many famous ancient gardens and concentrated the essence of garden art in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are now 489 cultural relics protection units, the number of which is second only to Beijing and Xi 'an, and there are 9 world cultural heritages. Places of interest are all over the city, such as Tiger Hill, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lion Forest, Lingering Garden, Canglang Pavilion and Hanshan Temple.

sixth place Hangzhou: one of the ancient capitals in China, Qiantang County was located in Qin Dynasty, Hangzhou was ruled in Sui Dynasty, and it was the capital of Wuyue in the Five Dynasties, and it was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. It is a world-famous tourist city with beautiful scenery and many places of interest, such as Lingyin Temple, Yuemiao Temple and Pagoda of Six Harmonies.

seventh place Kaifeng: it was called the capital of song dynasty in ancient times. After the Five Dynasties, the Zhou Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty all built their capitals here, called Tokyo, which is one of the famous ancient capitals.

eighth place Datong: located in Datong basin in northern Shanxi. Pingcheng, the ancient city, was the capital of the early Northern Wei Dynasty, with Liao and Jin as the capital, and Yungang Grottoes excavated during the Northern Wei Dynasty from 453 to 495. There are many ancient buildings, such as Upper and Lower Huayan Temple, Shanhua Temple, Jiulong Wall, etc.

Ninth place Yangzhou: Fu Cha, King of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, began to build the "Han City" here. After the Grand Canal was dug in the Sui Dynasty, it became the hub of north-south traffic, with developed industry and commerce and prosperous culture. It is a famous commercial metropolis in history and a port for friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries. There are Tang Cheng ruins, Shi Kefa Ancestral House, Pingtang Mountain, Slender West Lake, Heyuan, Geyuan and other cultural relics.

1th Chengdu: Since Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been the political, economic and cultural center of Southwest China. 3. What are the historical sites

The Great Wall

The Forbidden City in Beijing, Shenyang Imperial Palace

Shaanxi Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in Gansu

Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, Beijing

Taishan Mountain in Shandong

Huangshan Mountain in Anhui

Wulingyuan National Scenic Spot in Hunan

Jiuzhaigou National Scenic Spot in Sichuan

Huanglong National Scenic Spot in Sichuan

* * Potala Palace

chengde mountain resort, Hebei and its surrounding temples

Confucius Temple in Qufu, Shandong, Kongfu and Konglin

Wudang Mountain Ancient Architecture Complex in Hubei

Lushan Mountain Scenic Area in Jiangxi

Emeishan-Leshan Scenic Area in Sichuan

Old Town of Lijiang in Yunnan

Pingyao Ancient City in Shanxi

Suzhou Classical Garden in Jiangsu

Beijing Summer Palace

Temple of Heaven in Beijing

Dazu Stone Carvings in Chongqing

Wuyishan in Fujian

Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan.

Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan

imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties: Ming Tombs, Ming Xianling Mausoleum (Zhongxiang, Hubei), Qing Dongling (Zunhua, Hebei), Qing Xiling (Yixian, Hebei) and Shengjing Sanling

Ancient villages in Anhui: Xidi and Hongcun

Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi

Three Parallel Rivers in Yunnan

Goguryeo.

commonly known as Lin Yuan. Yuan Shikai (1859-1916) was born in Xiangcheng, Henan.

in December 1915, the imperial system of Fubi was declared, and the following year was changed to the first year of Hongxian. In March 1916, the imperial system was forced to be abolished, and he was still called the great president. In June of the same year, he died of fear in the condemnation of the whole country. According to his will, Beiyang warlord * * spent two years and spent more than 1.5 million yuan, covering an area of more than 2 mu, and built a tomb here.

the tomb is a combination of Chinese and western architectural forms. The watchtower at the southern end is tall and carved with fine patterns and patterns.

There are five pairs of civil and military stone statues, stone lions, stone horses and Shi Hu in the north of the pillar, and there is a monument in the middle of the two rows of stone carvings. Further north is the gate of the Mausoleum, in the middle of which is the main hall, with halls on both sides. All the buildings are modeled after the Qing Dynasty, with red walls and green tiles, which complement each other.

past the main hall, there is the base of the great tomb, with three gates in front and an iron gate in the middle, and the tomb emblem is hung, and its pattern is similar to that of the watchtower. Inside the door is a three-story platform tomb, all cast with reinforced concrete.

The whole mausoleum area is planted among trees, with dense trees, stone carvings and buildings in groups. Yin Ruins * is about 2 kilometers northwest of Anyang City.

with xiaotun village as the center, including the areas along the Huan river in the north, it is about 6 kilometers long from east to west and 4 kilometers wide from north to south. In the 14th century BC, Pan Geng moved the capital here, which was called Beimeng, also known as Yin.

it lasted 273 years until Di Xin died. After the destruction of Yin in Zhou Dynasty, it gradually became barren, so it was called Yin Ruins.

in the 25th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty (1899), characters were found on tortoise shell and ox bones unearthed in Xiaotun village, thus confirming that this place is the Yin Ruins recorded in the literature. Before liberation, 15 important archaeological excavations were carried out here, and it was found that there were relics of palaces in the north of Xiaotun village, and more than 1, pieces of inscriptions on Oracle bones and a large number of bronzes, production tools, daily necessities and other relics were unearthed in the tombs of the royal family in Houjiazhuang area.

The famous "Simuwu" Dafang Ding is decorated with dragon and gluttonous patterns all around. It is 1.33 meters high and weighs 875 kilograms. It is a rare heavy device in the world. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, a large-scale exploration and excavation work was carried out here, and the scope and distribution of Yin Ruins were basically found out. The tombs of Wuguan Village, sacrificial pits, women's tombs, copper casting workshops and bone-making workshops were found, and thousands of inscriptions on Oracle bones were unearthed.

the building site in the northeast of xiaotun village in yin ruins-in 1981, a large building group was found in the northeast of xiaotun village in Anyang city, covering an area of about 5, square meters. Excavations were carried out in 1989-1991, and three buildings with a big flying heart were uncovered.

the north of the complex is about 8 meters away from the southernmost site of Group B excavated in the 193s. Si Muwu's inscription Bu Jia-16.8 cm wide, was unearthed in the south of Xiaotun.

In 1973, two excavations were carried out here, and the biggest harvest was the discovery of 5,335 pieces of inscriptions on Oracle bones of the Dai Dynasty, which was the most discovered in Oracle Bone Inscriptions since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Oracle bone-19.5 cm long, unearthed in the south of Xiaotun.

the museum of yin ruins is located in the site of the ancestral temple of the palace of the yin dynasty in the northeast of xiaotun village in Anyang city and its western part. It is more than 5 meters long from north to south and 17 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 21 mu (including 16 mu of water surface).

The gate is designed according to the "gate" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The beams and columns are carved with patterns of Yin Dynasty, and there are embossed dragons imitating Yin on both sides of the gate. In the southwest corner of the garden, the architecture of the Yin Dynasty was restored-"Mother Xinzong-Muhao Tomb Enjoy Hall" is located on Muhao Tomb, with the abutment slightly larger than the tomb entrance, 5.6 meters long from north to south and 5 meters wide from east to west.

In the middle of the garden, the B-2 Hall, which imitates Yin architecture, was built on the original site of B-2. The building has a front porch with pillars carved with patterns of the Yin Dynasty.

sitting facing south, all the buildings are made of wood, with four slopes and thatched roofs. The northern part of the garden is a 12-story imitation Yin building, facing east from west, with a length of 24 meters from north to south and a width of 8.2 meters, which is a two-story pavilion.

Fu Hao Tomb Fu Hao is the wife of Wu Ding, the Shang king, who led more than 13, soldiers to war. In 1976, her tomb was accidentally discovered on the southwest side of Yin Ruins. More than 1,6 cultural relics were unearthed, including 755 jade articles.

Shang Yuhe, two upright cranes with their necks bent and their wings spread, is a fine jade carving unearthed from the tomb of Fuhao. Jade Man-7 cm high, unearthed from the tomb of Fu Hao.

Fu Haojue, 38 cm tall. Fu Hao Cheng, 39.5 cm long.

Tianning Temple Tower with inlaid turquoise ivory cups is located in the northwest corner of Anyang city. Also known as Wenfeng Pagoda.

The plane is octagonal, and it is a five-story pavilion-style brick tower with a height of 38.65 meters. A pedestal decorated with lotus petals under the tower.

there is a spiral staircase in the tower body, which allows you to climb to the top of the tower and have a bird's eye view of the whole city. There is a Lama Tower about 1 meters high on the platform at the top of the tower, which is rare as a tower brake.

This tower may have been built in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and its brick carvings, patterns and door and window decorations may have been added in the Ming Dynasty. Tianning Temple Tower Xiangzhou Zhoujintang Monument is located in Han Qi Temple in Anyang City.

it was carved in the second year of Zhiping in the Northern Song Dynasty (165). Written by Ouyang Xiu, written by Cai Xiangshu, and inscribed by Shao Bi.

The inscription is an article written by Ouyang Xiu for the Zhoujin Hall built by Han Qi. The calligrapher Cai Xiang was a calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty.

This tablet has been recorded in various ancient stone inscriptions. Fuchenghuang Temple is located in the north of Gulou East Street in the old town of Anyang City.

sitting north to south, it was built in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369). The temple is 1 meters long from north to south and 5 meters wide from east to west. There are 4 halls and dozens of corridors.

The front hall is 3 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep, with a green glazed tile roof resting on a double eaves. The last three halls are all suspended from the top of the mountain with a single eaves, and the second and third halls are all three in width and three in depth; The four halls are 5 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep.

there are more than 2 verandahs on both sides. Xiangzhou Kiln Site is located in the northern suburb of Anyang City and the south bank of Anyang Bridge.

The location of the kiln site was originally a small mound, facing Huan River in the north and facing Anyang Bridge Village across the river. The site is about 35 meters long from north to south and 26 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 9, square meters.

The accumulation layer is generally about 1m, and the thickest part is 1.5m.. The products are rich and varied, including daily necessities, animal figurines, human figurines and various artistic decorations.

the fetal quality is white, delicate and hard, and the surface is rich in decoration. There are many kinds of engraving, scribing and printing.

The sidewall of porcelain is generally thick, and the glaze is cyan, transparent and shiny. You can see the tread through the glaze layer, and the glaze is thick and light. There are also green in green, yellow in green, blue-gray, blue-brown and other colors.

Xiangzhou kiln is an important porcelain-making site in northern China since Sui and Tang Dynasties. Linlv Mountain in Linzhou City is 15 kilometers southwest of Linzhou City.

it is one of the scenic spots in Linzhou with its dangerous terrain and pleasant scenery. Jing Hao, a famous landscape painter of the Five Dynasties, once lived in seclusion here, calling himself "Hong Guzi".

Many temples were founded here in the past dynasties, which became a Buddhist resort. There are many places of interest in Honggu area, such as the Thousand Buddha Cave, the Cliff Pagoda of Dayuan Zen Master, the tablet of "Three Inscriptions of Zhenrong Zhiti" and Honggu Temple Pagoda.

The Thousand-Buddha Cave is on the waist of the north cliff of Honggu Mountain in Linlv Mountain. Began to chisel in Wuping five years of Northern Qi Dynasty (574. 5. Mount Tai, Daming Lake, Baotu Spring, Lijiang River, Elephant Trunk Mountain, West Lake and Emei

Mount Tai is the first of the five mountains. It is bordered by the magnificent sea in the east and the long-standing Yellow River in the west, surpassing Qilu. It has been the political, economic and cultural center of the East for thousands of years. It is also a place where Buddhism and Taoism flourish.