Jin Fu and Chen Huang’s joint efforts to combat pornography

Jin Fu and Chen Huang’s joint efforts to control Huang Dynasty

Since the reign of Kangxi, the Qing Empire’s focus and strategies for governing the country have shifted to economic development. , care about major issues related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and the first task is to control the river. In order to cure the river problem, Kangxi hired Jin Fu, an outstanding water conservancy expert, to control the river. Jin Fu then took his staff Chen Huang to serve as the governor of the river, and together they began a ten-year water control project.

At the beginning of the construction, Jin Fu and Chen Huang decided to take the lead in regulating the Yellow River in view of the fact that "the obstruction of the Gaiyun Road was mainly due to the changes in the river course" and the flooding of the Huaihe River was also caused by the Yellow River moving south to take its way. The water of the Yellow River returns to its old course.

The water of the Yellow River is sandy. Due to long-term siltation, the river bed is higher than both banks, making it a hanging river. This is the root cause of frequent flooding in the Yellow River. Jin Fu and Chen Huang regarded desertification control as the key to controlling the Yellow River. They inherited Pan Jixun's idea of ??building dikes to contain water and using water to attack sand, and proposed that "river management must take dikes as the first priority." They "first opened four channels to divert the Qinghe River, blocked the breaches in Gaojiayan, Wangjiagang, and Wujiadun, and built embankments to contain the water." They then built large-scale strand embankments, remote embankments, moon embankments, and grid embankments on both sides of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and used strand embankments to choke them. Contain the river water and use water power to wash away the sand; use remote embankments, moon embankments, and grid embankments to store the floods that break out of the embankments during heavy floods, and send them downstream to return to the river.

In response to the situation that the Yellow River is "wide in the upper reaches and narrow in the lower reaches", Jin Fu and Chen Huang built multiple water reduction dams and dug culverts on both sides of the narrow river section between Dangshan and Suining in Jiangsu. Or divert the river to a wide part of the river to ensure that the embankments are not damaged when the water rises. If the Yellow River and the Huaihe River rise together, the water reduction dams on the north bank of the Yellow River will be opened; if the water in the Yellow River rises and the Huaihe River falls, the water reduction dams on the north and south banks will be opened simultaneously to divert the floodwater from the south dam into Hongze Lake, causing the sand to settle on the lake bottom. Its clear water then flows into the Yellow River from Qingkou.

Due to the high sediment content of the Yellow River, its own sediment-carrying capacity is not enough to transport all the sediment into the sea. A large amount of clean water with low sediment content flowing out of Qingkou is injected into the Yellow River, increasing its sediment transport capacity. This is another creative feat that Jin Fu and Chen Huang inherited from Pan Jixun and built Gaojiayan to force the Huaihe River to flow into the Yellow River.

When blocking the breach, Jin Fu and Chen Huang summarized the method of dredging the river in the shape of "chuan". That is, before blocking the breach, a deep ditch eight feet wide was opened three feet on both sides of the waterway on the old river bed, and the waterway in the middle was added to form a "chuan" shape. After blocking the breach and diverting the current, the rapids of the three waterways quickly washed away the unexcavated sediment in the middle. When dredging the river mouth, they also invented a method of carrying water, that is, tying an iron broom to the stern of a boat. The boat drove back and forth to stir up the silt in the river, and then used the momentum of the flowing water to wash the silt into the sea.

After Jin Fu and Chen Huang worked hard day and night at the construction site in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, all 21 major breaches on both sides of the Yellow River were blocked, the river channel was basically dredged, and the water returned to its original path.

"River Control Strategies" written by Jin Fu, "Jin Wenxiang Gong's Memorials" and "Water Control Narrative" written by Chen Huang have all become famous works on water control in the history of water conservancy in my country, and are of great importance to people in later generations on how to manage rivers. reference value.

In the fifty years after Jin Fu's death, there were no major floods in the Yellow River, transportation between the north and the south was smooth, society was stable, and the economy developed. The great situation of Haiyan and Heqing also laid a solid foundation for the "Kangxi and Qianlong Dynasties" in the Qing Dynasty.

Review丨Chen Rui

Producer丨Fan Yizi

Coordinator丨Luo Jingyue Li Li

Copywriter and editor丨Li Li

Art design丨Yang Hua and Zhao Mo

Proofreading丨Zhou Nianchen

Reference material丨"The shift of the focus of governance in the Qing Dynasty and Jin Fu's governance of the river"

" Jin Fu and Chen Huang: The achievements of joining forces to control the Yellow River are clear"

Produced by the New Media Center (Film and Television Production and Broadcasting Center) of China Water Conservancy Newspaper