What equipment do you need for outdoor travel and mountaineering?

If it is an ordinary outdoor trip, the following equipment should be enough.

First of all, sleeping bags

Sleeping bag is one of the most basic equipment for outdoor camping at any time, and its function can be said to be irreplaceable. When choosing, we should consider the climatic conditions, the user's physique, etc., and choose different sleeping bags according to the actual situation. Generally speaking, sleeping bags should be light, light and warm, and easy to compress and carry.

Second, the moistureproof pad

Whether the insulation under the sleeping bag is good or not determines whether you can have a good sleep in the wild. Moisture-proof pad plays the role of moisture-proof, heat preservation and comfortable sleep. There are generally three kinds: inflatable cushion; Moisture-proof pad; Tent mat.

Third, tents.

It is also one of the necessary items, and there are many varieties on the market, which are divided into three types in structure: triangle, dome and house; Structurally, it is divided into single-layer structure, double-layer structure and composite structure;

From the material of the bracket, it can be divided into metal bracket and glass fiber bracket; From the fabric of the tent, it can be divided into waterproof cotton cloth, nylon yarn and advanced waterproof breathable nylon yarn. In terms of space size, there are many models, including two-person, three-person and multi-person models. When buying, you should consider your actual needs, pay attention to fire prevention and scratch prevention of sharp objects during use, and dry them in the sun after use.

Fourth, hiking shoes

Wear shoes that fit. Ordinary sports rubber shoes, travel shoes and hiking shoes can be used. Pay attention to the following points when choosing:

1. Shoe fabrics: leather, canvas and synthetic fiber fabrics. Leather fabric has good properties such as warmth, moisture-proof, breathability and foot protection, but it is bulky. At present, some synthetic fiber fabrics have the same performance as leather and are light in weight.

2, sole material: outsole usually uses a good hard rubber sole, insole has foam material and elastic rubber. The groove of the sole is also very particular, which is used to increase the friction of shoes.

3, vamp: high top has two functions, one is to protect the ankle; The second is to prevent foreign objects from entering the shoes. But the flexibility is not as good as low help.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) lighting equipment

One of the necessities of camping in the wild, you can choose flashlights, camping lights and headlights. Shopping depends on the situation, but pay attention to the size and weight. Flashlights are flexible to use, but they need one hand, while headlights can free both hands, and the illuminated area moves with the line of sight. If you are going to be away for a long time, you should consider taking a spare light bulb and battery.

Essential drugs of intransitive verbs

In the wild, you should consider the physical discomfort caused by acclimatization, and you need to bring spare drugs. But you don't need to bring all the medicine. The following basic drugs can be selected according to their own conditions:

1, cold medicines: such as Ganmaoqing, Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet, black-and-white film, Banlangen Tablet, etc.

2, fever, anti-inflammatory, antibiotics: such as acetylspiramycin, APC, Qingre Xiaoyan capsule, Bai Yanjing, Keganmin.

3. Gastrointestinal drugs: Baoji Pill, Norfloxacin, Berberine and Belladonna Tablets.

4, five sense organs drugs: oxytetracycline eye ointment, erythromycin eye ointment, anti-crack red (vaseline)

5. External use: Baiyao tincture, Baiyao, green ointment, Shangshi analgesic ointment, bandage, gauze and cotton wool.

6. Insect repellent snake medicine: essential oil, cool oil and snake medicine.

7. Emergency medicine: analgesic spray.

Seven, lighters

One of the necessities for survival in the wild is lighters, flints or windproof matches. Lighters are not as good as windproof matches at high altitudes; Waterproof matches work stably, but the quantity is limited; Flint can be reused for tens of thousands of times, and any flint can be ignited with iron to provide fire, even if it is soaked in rain in bad weather conditions, as long as it is dried.

Eight, cutting tools

Needless to say, the importance of knives. Generally, you should bring two knives, a big knife (such as a dagger) and a small folding knife (which can be used for multiple purposes). Attention: First, put the knife into the handle immediately when not in use; The second is the order of cutting, that is, cutting first and then other tools, and finally cutting when opening a variety of tools; Third, you can't play with knives; Fourth, pay attention to maintenance, often lubricate and clean the dirt in the handle.

Nine, water tools

Water tools should consider weight, volume and firmness. Generally, there are all stainless steel insulated kettles, military dual-purpose kettles (inside is a kettle and outside is a container that can be used to boil water), glass fiber reinforced plastic drinking water bottles (space cups), ordinary glass kettles, plastic kettles, space cups, sheepskin kettles, etc.

X. Emergency food:

In order to prevent some accidents, you should bring some emergency food. Emergency food should be scarce and exquisite. And high-calorie foods, such as beef jerky, chocolate, compressed biscuits, etc.

other

There are also some small items, such as mobile phones (preferably two electric plates, don't use them easily); Compass (can help you identify the direction); Plastic sheets (instead of rain gear, dig a hole in the ground and put plastic sheets as washbasins); Identity documents; Cooking utensils; Garbage bags (don't leave rubbish); Maps (needed in strange places); Survival whistle; Pocket; Thin rope, thin iron wire; Tableware; Toilet and so on

Eleven, mountaineering backpack

Finally, you need a backpack to carry these items. When selecting, it should be noted that the outer layer materials should be dense waterproof, wear-resistant, flame-retardant and tear-resistant materials, mostly artificial fibers and high-density Oxford nylon cloth. The suspenders, belts and back pads should be wide and thick, and the back pads should have sweat-wicking and breathable grooves. The volume is about 50 liters, and there are at least 2 ~ 3 side bags or top bags.

Extended data

Mountaineering experience

1, have a good exercise

If the mountain to climb is high or you seldom take part in climbing, it is necessary to do some warm-up exercises before climbing. Just use 10 ~ 20 minutes to do some muscle stretching exercises and try to relax your whole body muscles, so that you will feel much more relaxed when climbing the mountain.

2, increase the bounce

When climbing upward, every step is intended to add some bouncing movements, which not only saves effort, but also makes people look full of energy and vitality.

Don't always look up to it.

Don't always look up when climbing mountains, especially at the beginning, because your legs are not used to climbing mountains, and looking up often makes people feel very tired. Generally speaking, when climbing upward, it is best to keep your eyes three or five meters ahead. If the mountain road is steep, you can climb in a "Z" shape, which is more labor-saving.

Step 4 divert your attention

When climbing a mountain, don't always think about how high the mountain is and how long it will take. Take your time, stop and go, enjoy climbing the mountain, and don't miss the beautiful scenery. When you are tired, you can look at the surrounding scenery more, or you can sing for fun, and the fatigue will be alleviated.

Step 5 go down the hill and relax

You must control your steps when going down the mountain. You must not rush too fast and get hurt easily. At the same time, pay attention to relax the muscles of the knee. Too tight will put a lot of pressure on the joints of the legs and make the muscles tired.

6. Mountain hazards

Among all kinds of bad natural phenomena encountered when climbing the peak, any one that may suddenly endanger personal safety is called a mountain disaster. It is characterized by great destructive power and sudden occurrence. Once encountered, it is unprepared and even life-threatening. In order to prevent the harm caused by mountain disasters, we must master and identify the causes, changing rules and performance characteristics of mountain disasters.

Avalanche snow accumulated on a hillside slides down and collapses because it is out of balance, which is called an avalanche. Avalanches are divided into wet avalanches and dry avalanches. Wet avalanche snow, due to the long accumulation time, repeatedly melts and freezes to form a hard shell, and breaks into blocks when it collapses. The snow layer of dry avalanche is loose and powdery when it collapses.

Avalanches may kill or bury people, suffocate them, or take them to cracks or valleys. Wet avalanche is more harmful than dry avalanche.

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