Xiaotian in Song Dynasty: Lu You and Tang Wan: We met in Shenyuan.

Lu You, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote countless poems in his life, and nearly 10,000 poems have been handed down to this day. One of the words that touched my heartstrings most was his Hairpin Phoenix. Let me read it to you:

"With bare hands, yellow rice wine. Willow trees on the palace wall in spring in the city. The east wind is evil, and the feelings are thin. A sad mood, a cable that I haven't seen for years. No, no, no! Spring is as old as ever, and people are empty and thin. Tears flooded her face. Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion. Although Meng Shan is here, it is hard to trust Jin Shu. Mo, Mo, Mo! "

This sad poem "Hairpin Phoenix" is a sad work written by Lu You to his ex-wife Tang Wan, which tells a touching love story. What happened?

Lu You and Tang Wan are cousins, childhood friends, and get married when they grow up. After marriage, the young couple are very loving. But Lu You's mother dislikes her daughter-in-law and often accuses Tang Wan. Finally, she asked Lu You to divorce Tang Wan. Lu You is the son of "twenty-four filial piety". Under the pressure of his mother, he had to give Tang Wan a piece of paper.

After the divorce, Tang Wan remarried with Zhao Shicheng, the son of the imperial clan. In the spring of the 25th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu You visited Shenshi Garden in Shaoxing. Unexpectedly, she met Tang Wan and her husband Zhao Shicheng in the garden.

Lu You: "Wan, Wan Er ... Cousin, Mrs. Zhao, you also come to the garden ..."

Tang Wan (Teacher Liu Mintao): "Cousin, long time no see."

Lu You: "I didn't expect to meet you here."

Tang Wan (Teacher Liu Mintao): (introducing Lu You to Zhao Shicheng) "Teacher Cheng, this is Lu You, the official of Lu You. (Introduce Zhao Shicheng to Lu You again) Cousin, this is my humble husband Zhao Shicheng. "

Zhao Shicheng: "Brother Lu, I've heard a lot about you. This lady often talks about you. "

Lu You: "Brother Zhao, nice to meet you."

Tang Wan (Teacher Liu Mintao): "Teacher Cheng, let's go and don't disturb my cousin's garden."

Zhao Shicheng said, "Wan'er, I seldom see Brother Lu today. Why don't we buy Brother Lu a drink? You take out the yellow wine we brought this time, and Brother Lu and I will not return until we are drunk. Haha. "

Tang Wan (Teacher Liu Mintao): "Cousin, I propose a toast to you."

Lu You: "Then I propose a toast to Brother Zhao and his cousin. I wish you a happy marriage for a hundred years. "

Zhao Shicheng: "Brother Lu, come and have another drink."

Lu You: "Thank you for your kindness. I'm afraid I can't drink well. "

Tang Wan (Teacher Liu Mintao): "My cousin seems to have drunk too much. Or we ... "

Zhao Shicheng: "Don't worry, Wan'er. Liu Xiong, I often hear from Wan'er that Liu Xiong likes drinking best on weekdays. What's the harm of another drink? "

Tang Wan (Teacher Liu Mintao): "Learned from ... Cousins of the same generation (or cousins) ... Ah."

Looking at the present Tang Wan, Lu You has married another woman, and she is very depressed. After a few drinks, she was a little drunk and couldn't get rid of it. Then she took a sip and took a pen. On the wall of Shen Garden, she wrote this song "Feng Feng". Tang Wan was so sad that she sang "Hairpin Phoenix". A few days after Shen Yuan, Tang Wan died of depression. That's a real pity.

Shen Shiyuan, where Lu You met Tang Wan, is now a famous scenic spot in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. On the wall of the garden, there is "Hairpin Phoenix" inscribed by Lu You-of course, it is not the original work of Lu You, but it was restored by later generations.

Eight hundred years ago, Shen Garden was a private garden, so it was called "Shen Garden" and "Shen Garden". Lu You missed his ex-wife, visited Shenyuan many times, and wrote several poems about Shenyuan to express his deep memory of Tang Wan.

Shenyuan Garden is a private garden. Why does Lu You come whenever he wants? This is because the private gardens in the Song Dynasty have the practice of being open to the public. The owner of the garden has a beautiful garden, and everyone is very welcome to visit it. If the owner of the garden locks the garden away from outsiders, he will be laughed at.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Tokyo residents had the custom of "exploring springs". After the Lantern Festival in the first month, the Song people will take advantage of the spring to go out for a spring outing. Within a hundred miles of Fiona Fang, a suburb of Tokyo, there are all private gardens, all of which are "for tourists to enjoy".

During the Southern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou residents still kept the custom of "exploring springs". There are also many private gardens near the West Lake in Hangzhou, which are also "for people to play". Among them, Jiangyuan Garden, which covers a small area, has exquisite landscaping, not only pavilions and flowers, but also the owner holds cockfighting and cuju activities in the tourist season and sets up a flea market to entertain tourists, just like a modern city park.

In the Song Dynasty, Luoyang's gardens were even more famous in the world. Song people described them like this: Luoyang "has a huge room in your family and a prosperous garden pavilion, ranking first in the world." Li Qingzhao's father, Li, wrote an article "Luoyang Famous Gardens", which included Luoyang 19 famous gardens. These famous gardens are basically private gardens.

Luoyang is also famous all over the world, and that is peony. Many peonies are planted in Luoyang's famous gardens. In spring, peonies are in full bloom and flowers are everywhere in the city. There are a constant stream of tourists visiting famous gardens and enjoying peony in Luoyang. That kind of lively scene, just like today, there are countless young people flocking to Wuhan University to see cherry blossoms every spring.

The cherry blossoms of Wuda University are open to tourists free of charge, and the famous Luoyang Garden in Song Dynasty is also open to the public. In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a great scholar named Shao Yong who wrote a poem entitled "Charlotte Garden Pool", in which he wrote:

"Charlotte Garden Swimming Pool is not behind closed doors. Don't look for spring in the cave. If you travel long distances, you will only lose leisure guests. Ask the host when you go in. "

This means that Luoyang's private gardens are not closed, allowing people to enter the park to welcome the spring. You don't even have to ask who the owner is, and you don't have to worry about being driven out by the owner.

Then, do people in the Song Dynasty have to pay tickets to visit other people's private gardens? Some private gardens are charged. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, a traitor named Zhu CuO built an ultra-luxurious private garden in Suzhou, in which thousands of peonies were planted. Every flower season, Lao Zhu will let the gardener open the door and let people enjoy the spring.

However, male tourists have to pay 20p each to enter the park. Admission for women and children is free. Not only free, but also treat each other with wine and food and give gifts, such as hairpins and earrings. Wow, I want to see such a nice garden.

In the Song Dynasty, more private gardens were opened to tourists free of charge. Sima Guang, a great scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, built a private park in Luoyang, named "Jueyuan", which means entertaining himself, but this Jueyuan is actually a "public park" because it is also open to the public for free.

Of course, if tourists feel embarrassed to visit such a beautiful garden for nothing, they can also give the gardener a little tip, called "tea soup money", no matter how much. Gardeners who help Sima Guang to protect Xanadu alone can also receive a large sum of money for tea and soup during the tourist season. According to Luoyang custom, the gardener takes half the tip from the owner and half himself.

Gardener: "Sima Xianggong, this month, tourists gave me 20 cups of tea soup, and I left 10 cups. These cups are yours. "

Sima Guang: "Oh, these are tips from tourists. How can I ask them? " ? Take it. "

Gardener: "Sima Xianggong, according to the practice in Luo Zhong, I can only get half the money for tea soup." If it wasn't mine, I would never have it. "

Sima Guang: "No, no, no, all this money is yours."

Sima Guang resolutely refused to accept tea and soup money. After a while, he saw a new well pavilion built in the park, which was a small pavilion built on the well. I asked the gardener, only to know that the gardener used the ten dollars to build a well pavilion for Xanadu. The consistent money in the Song Dynasty is equivalent to about five or six hundred yuan now, and the ten penetration is five or six thousand yuan.

Because the private gardens in Song Dynasty were open, Lu You and Tang Wan could have a spring outing in Shenyuan Garden and meet in the garden, and there was a touching song "Hairpin Phoenix".

However, the encounters in private gardens in the Song Dynasty are not all sad stories such as hairpin and phoenix, but also very warm-hearted love. Let me tell another story:

There is a scholar in Luoyang, surnamed Zhang Minghao, who is twenty years old and not married. His parents forced him to go on blind dates. He said: "A hundred years of marriage must be very happy. If I don't meet the right person, I'd rather live alone for a lifetime. "

Zhang Haojia also has a garden. On this day, he visited his garden, where Su Xiangting met a young woman. She was very beautiful. Zhang Hao has a feeling of deja vu and can't help it. He went over and gave a gift, and the woman returned the gift.

Zhang Hao: "Whose wife is my darling and why am I here?"

That woman (Miss Liu Mintao): "My wife is Yingying, your neighbor in the east. I heard that your peony is in full bloom, so I came to see it. "

Zhang Hao: "Our garden is barren. It is not enough for the eyes. Fortunately, there is a small pavilion. How about mixing wine to show the friendship of the landlord? "

That woman (Miss Liu Mintao): "Actually, I want to see you this time."

It turns out that Yingying is Zhang Hao's neighbor. When she was a child, she and Zhang Hao were childhood friends, but when she grew up, she was bound by etiquette and they never met again. Yingying has admired Zhang Hao for a long time. This time, she took the opportunity to enjoy the peony in Zhangjia Garden, hoping to meet her lover in the garden. Sure enough, two lovers met in the garden. So, under the Su Xiang Pavilion, they made a vow of eternal love and got married.

Zhang Hao should thank the tradition of opening private gardens to the outside world in Song Dynasty, because private gardens are open to the outside world, Yingying can enjoy the gardens and meet the right people in the gardens. Think about it, it's really beautiful.