What is the concept, classification, characteristics and causes of tourism resources?

1. Defining tourism resources is one of the basic conditions for developing tourism. The understanding of tourism resources is produced and deepened with the rise of tourism. Because tourism is a new industry, the content and composition of tourism resources are much more complicated than other single traditional resources, and the exact definition of tourism resources has not yet formed a unified expression at home and abroad.

The definition of tourism resources in the Guide to the General Survey of Tourism Resources in China (Trial Draft) formulated by the National Tourism Administration and the Institute of Geography of China Academy of Sciences is relatively accurate and standardized: "The so-called tourism resources refer to all things and factors that can attract tourists, stimulate their tourism motivation, have certain tourism functions and values, can be developed and utilized for tourism, and can produce economic, social and environmental benefits." Some experts also define tourism resources as "landscapes and features with sightseeing and ornamental value" or "natural and social factors that can attract tourists to carry out various tourism activities".

It is generally believed that tourism resources are the premise of the survival and development of tourism, the material basis of tourism, the object of tourism and one of the basic elements of tourism products and activities. The basic conditions of tourism resources are: first, it is attractive to tourists and can stimulate people's travel motivation; Second, it is available. With the change of tourists' travel hobbies and habits, the inclusive scope of tourism resources is constantly expanding; Third, resource development can produce different economic, social and environmental benefits.

Tourism resources are different from traditional resources such as land, water and minerals, and have the characteristics of diversity, uniqueness, variability and sustainability. Diversity is manifested in two aspects: nature and humanity; Pay equal attention to landscape and culture; There are both ancient ruins and modern buildings; Both physical and physiological. The uniqueness lies in that all tourism resources are different from tourists' usual living customs, cultural background and living environment. The greater the difference, the more unique it is to tourists and the more attractive it is to tourists. Variability is manifested in that some things are not regarded as tourism resources at the beginning of their existence, but they become attractive tourism resources with the changes of tourists' needs; Or vice versa, the sustainability from Dallas to the auditorium lies in the fact that most tourism resources have the characteristics of infinite reuse and continuous regeneration. For example, as the main body of tourism resources, sightseeing, vacation, special and special tourism resources cannot be taken away by tourists themselves, but only impressions and feelings are taken away by tourists. As long as it is properly protected, most tourism resources can be used permanently, and some tourism resources will be enriched and regenerated with the development of social economy and the progress of science and technology.

II. Classification China is rich in tourism resources. According to the traditional view of tourism resources, China's tourism resources include natural landscape resources, human landscape resources, folk customs resources, traditional food resources, cultural resources and handicrafts resources, as well as urban and rural scenery resources. According to the classification of modern tourism industry resources, China's tourism resources include sightseeing tourism resources, holiday tourism resources, eco-tourism resources, skiing, mountaineering, adventure, hunting and other special tourism resources, as well as food, study, medical care and other special tourism resources.

According to the causes or attributes of tourism resources, academic circles divide tourism resources into two categories: natural tourism resources and humanistic tourism resources. The former refers to the natural landscape composed of landform, water body, climate, animals and plants, which attracts people to travel, and has obvious naturalness; The latter has a wide range of contents and types, including various historical sites, great ancient and modern buildings, ethnic customs and so on. It is the artistic crystallization and cultural achievement of human activities. Some also divide it into three categories, in addition to the above two categories, there are compound tourism resources.