What principles should be followed in tourism planning?

In order to ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of tourism planning and development, many countries and regions have accumulated rich experience in tourism planning and development, and thus formed some principles that should be followed in tourism planning and development. Mastering and following the principles of tourism planning and development is an important condition for China's tourism planning and development to solve contradictions, make up for deficiencies and achieve expected results.

1. Resource base and market-oriented principle. \x0d Tourism planning should be based on resource conditions and attach great importance to market demand, characteristics and changing trends. This is the principle that all production and construction activities must follow under the condition of market economy. The special significance of emphasizing the principle of resource base and market orientation in tourism planning and development lies in that the external characteristics of tourism resources have not changed much after they have been transformed into tourism projects and products. Therefore, some people often equate tourism resources with tourism projects and products, and then think that it is resources that determine the present situation and prospects of tourism development. Therefore, in the development and development of tourism planning, it is often easy to only see the importance of resources and ignore the decisive role of the market, failing to develop projects and products that meet the market demand, which directly affects the development and development effect of tourism planning. In addition, the long-term tradition of natural economy and the practice of planned economy also make it easy for some areas in China where the concept of market economy has not been popularized and deepened to ignore the importance of market in tourism planning and development. This phenomenon exists objectively in areas where the level of economic and social development is relatively low and the market economy is underdeveloped, and may continue to appear.

2. Highlight the characteristics, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses. \x0d The development of tourism projects and products must adhere to the principle of putting characteristics first. In order to highlight the characteristics, we must foster strengths and avoid weaknesses. The special significance of emphasizing the principle of highlighting characteristics, fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses in tourism planning and development lies in the fact that tourism attraction stems from cultural differences. For tourists, one of the main purposes of tourism is to understand and know new, strange and special things and seek new feelings, experiences and knowledge. Therefore, tourism planning, development and production must pay special attention to characteristics. Because most people engaged in tourism planning and development live in a homogeneous culture, on the one hand, they will have insufficient understanding of the value of tourism resources, become accustomed to it, and fail to see novelty and characteristics. On the other hand, in the initial stage and at a certain stage, they will simply learn from the practices of other regions and others (because these are often unfamiliar and interesting). In the development and construction of projects and products, they will copy mechanically, eat them alive, carry out low-level redundant construction, and develop some projects and products with no characteristics, and the results are often self-defeating.

3. Take the center as the center and support Jackie Chan's principle. \x0d In the development and construction of tourism projects and products, while focusing on the center, we must pay attention to coordination and support to form mature projects and products. The meaning of this principle includes four aspects: first, the theme of tourism development and construction must be clear, and its core content and main characteristics must be determined through analysis. Second, we must always pay attention to highlighting and embodying its center and theme in all aspects of project and product development. You can't plan, select, construct and combine tourism content at will, and form projects and products without themes and characteristics. For example, the center of the eco-tourism area project is to feel and experience the green ecology and the ideas it contains, and it is required to maintain the diversity and primitiveness of the ecology as much as possible and reduce human interference, influence and destruction. On the contrary, if noisy modern amusement facilities are built in the eco-tourism area, even if there are too many tourist service facilities, it will damage its theme, center and characteristics. Third, we should pay attention to coordination and matching in the construction of facilities for projects and products. General transportation, travel, housing, catering, shopping, entertainment and other services are available, and the grades, grades and specifications are basically coordinated, and the number and grades of facilities and services are gradually increased to enhance selectivity. In particular, we should avoid focusing only on the main construction and functional support of the project itself. Neglect auxiliary and service facilities and projects. Fourth, while developing construction projects and products, we should pay attention to the construction of supporting software such as personnel quality, management and service standards, corporate image and corporate culture, as well as the supporting and unified planning of packaging, brand planning and marketing after the completion of projects and products. Fourth, based on the principle of looking at the overall situation. \ X0d The development and construction of tourism projects and products should be based on their own matching and maturity. At the same time, we should look at the projects and products in the surrounding areas and related areas, and pay attention to the coordination with the tourism development and construction in the surrounding areas, the whole region and even the whole country, and the adjustment and layout of tourism products. \x0d Tourism planning and development depends on the overall situation, which originates from most tourism projects, including large-scale tourist areas. In most cases, it can't be sold independently, and it is completely consumed by tourists. Must be combined with other projects in the region, surrounding and other areas of tourism projects to form products and routes. Therefore, there is a close complementary or competitive relationship between tourism planning projects in a certain region. When developing and constructing new tourism projects, we must carefully analyze its relationship with other projects and its position and role in regions, tourist routes and products. Tourism projects will eventually be influenced by large areas, the whole country and even the whole world. For the development of a tourist area, first of all, the objectives and strategies of tourism development and product construction in this area, surrounding areas and the whole province are instructive, and the national tourism development policies and guidelines, tourism industry development planning, tourism area and product development and construction planning are also comprehensive and far-reaching. In a word, implementing the principle of basing on the overall situation in tourism planning and development is conducive to strengthening the concept of playing a chess game between tourism planning and development and product construction, and plays an important role in ensuring the overall benefit of tourism development and construction and the long-term benefit of the project itself.

5. The principle of step by step and gradual deepening. \x0d As far as the development and construction methods of tourism projects are concerned, they should be implemented step by step, and attention should be paid to constantly improving, deepening, enriching and strengthening the level, level, content, nature and characteristics of the projects. Tourism projects and products are process products of continuous improvement, perfection, enrichment, expansion and improvement, some of which are still in the original state of undeveloped construction and can be used for people's tourism consumption. In the development and construction of tourism planning, we can start with transportation, and gradually move towards links and aspects such as sightseeing, leisure, health, service, management facilities construction, planning and packaging, publicity and sales, connotation mining and exhibition participation. As far as the nature of projects and products is concerned, they can range from general sightseeing to appreciation, inspection, participation and experience, and some can also go to entertainment, vacation, leisure, business and meetings. X0d tourism planning and development emphasizes step-by-step promotion and gradual deepening, and it also aims at summing up the experience and lessons of many domestic tourism projects. \x0d Many well-known tourist attractions and scenic spots in China have been old faces for decades since they basically completed supporting construction. Their functions have not been expanded, their contents have not been deepened and enriched, and their brand images are exactly the same. Some of them are still unaware of the resulting crisis.

6. Principles of scientific development and effective protection. \x0d In tourism development, we should adhere to scientific and reasonable guiding ideology and behavior, pay attention to the effective protection of resources and environment, prevent and put an end to predatory and destructive development and utilization, and realize the sustainable utilization and development of green industries. Resources are the foundation of our survival and development, and most of the tourism resources are fragile, non-renewable or difficult to recover. Once the nature and characteristics have changed fundamentally in the process of development, it is almost impossible to recover. \x0d But at the same time, we should realize that all human production and construction activities change the nature and characteristics of resources according to their own needs, so as to produce products that can meet their own needs. If this change in the nature and characteristics of resources is also regarded as the destruction of resources, there will be no human production activities. There would be no existence and development of human beings and human society. More importantly, if development and utilization are prohibited or strictly restricted for fear of being invaded and destroyed in development, the value of resources may not be reflected in time, especially it has not been well converted into economic income, and residents, enterprises and governments in this area and nearby areas have not felt the value of resources from economic interests, so it is difficult to make a profound and extensive understanding of the necessity of protecting resources and to generate people's internal motivation to protect resources.