Debate: Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages or do the disadvantages outweigh the advantages? The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Ask experts to help you think about the problems in the

Debate: Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages or do the disadvantages outweigh the advantages? The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Ask experts to help you think about the problems in the attack and debate! Both sides want it! 1986 Record of the Final Debate of the First Asian University Students Debate Competition-Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages or do the disadvantages outweigh the advantages?

Debate in the final

Debate: "The advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages" (positive)

The disadvantages of developing tourism outweigh the advantages.

Pro: Students against it, if the disadvantages of developing tourism outweigh the advantages, then why don't so many countries in the world, including China, Singapore, Macau and Hong Kong, which are participating in the competition today, curb the development of tourism? Mr. President, Mr. Judge, ladies and gentlemen, today's debate is "The advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages". We are certain. I will first explain the definition of developing tourism and its benefits. Our next classmate will explain some problems in developing tourism. Tourism is basically an industry that attracts foreigners to spend at home, and its development helps the country absorb foreign exchange. Travelers must spend money to travel abroad. He must first solve the fundamental problem of food, clothing, housing and transportation. Therefore, vendors from hotels to street corners help the country earn foreign exchange. 1985, Hong Kong's tourism industry has helped Hong Kong earn nearly $2 billion in foreign exchange. Look at Sri Lanka. Every dollar invested in tourism has helped the country make a net profit of 67 cents. The increase of foreign exchange here contributes to the balance of national and international payments. In addition, in today's world where trade protectionism exists, tourism is relatively unaffected by trade protectionism. Because the products of the tourism industry have to be picked up by customers themselves, and there is no export, if trade protectionism is implemented in the tourism industry, it will only hinder people from their own countries from traveling abroad, which is against the world, and most countries are unwilling to adopt this policy. In addition, tourism is an industry that can develop flexibly. As long as you use your brain a little, you can develop tourism with Chinese characteristics, unique culture, industry, natural environment and even a unique festival, making it unique and attracting a large number of tourists to spend. This industry does not necessarily depend on some special natural conditions, nor does it necessarily conflict with local cultural industries or life characteristics. The most important thing is that the development of tourism has brought about the development of transportation, communication, hydropower technology and equipment, which are often the basic conditions for industrial and commercial development. Therefore, developing tourism is a long-term investment to help a country use foreign capital to pave the way for its future development. In addition, tourism has brought other beneficial effects, such as promoting cultural exchanges between countries and enhancing mutual understanding between people. We don't deny that developing tourism has advantages and disadvantages. We just think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. But weighing the pros and cons is a very complicated problem. Advantages and disadvantages include not only quantity, but also strength. A big profit offsets several small shortcomings. We should also pay attention to deep-seated problems. A benefit that can bring many other benefits is far better than a benefit that can't bring incidental benefits. And most importantly, in terms of its inevitability, one inevitable benefit is much more important than ten possible benefits. On page 337 of the book "The Economic Impact of Tourism in Asia", authoritative economists have the following conclusion: Like any industry, tourism has advantages and disadvantages, but after careful measurement, we can find that the advantages of tourism, especially the economic advantages, far outweigh the disadvantages. The above views are consistent with ours. ...

Counterparty: Thank you! After listening to another classmate's speech, I have a few questions to ask. First, are tourism, tourism and tourism development the same thing? Second, you have talked for a long time about the advantages of developing tourism, but I still don't understand how you measure it. Third, according to your logic, the advantages of developing tourism unconditionally outweigh the disadvantages, that is to say, under any conditions, the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages. If so, I would like to remind the other party that your argument is untenable, and our classmates will further clarify this point. Let me state our views below. We believe that tourism is a human activity, and its benefits are well known, which is also beyond the scope of discussion tonight. However, as an economic undertaking, tourism has both advantages and disadvantages, which is determined by its own characteristics. These characteristics are as follows: First, tourism is the most comprehensive industry. Without the cooperation of other departments, it is impossible to develop tourism. This is the case in Ethiopia, for example. Ethiopia has nothing else. Can tourists only look at those who are thin and hungry? What really outweighs the disadvantages is the development of agriculture. Second, the rise and fall of tourism depends entirely on the world economic situation. For example, when the world economy sneezes, the tourism industry catches a cold and even gets pneumonia (laughs). It is an obvious fact that the tourism industry is in recession now, and the re-prosperity of the tourism industry is driven by the rapid growth of the world economy. But unfortunately, there is something wrong with the engine at present. I'm afraid it's beyond my power to solve this problem! Third, travel, someone has to visit! The number of tourists often depends on many unpredictable factors, especially the instability of the international situation and the rampant terrorist activities in recent years, which make many tourists daunting and stay indoors. For example, the Italian yacht Roark was hijacked last year, which caused100000 Americans to cancel their plans to travel to Italy this year. The American movie star, the famous Rambo, just didn't dare to show up at the Cannes Film Festival in France (laughs). As a result, the price of Rambo shirts plummeted in the French market. Some people invented a rumba dance and danced backwards step by step. It can be seen that if we do not consider the risk of operating tourism, we can only draw water with a sieve. I don't know if the other classmate thought of it. The above analysis shows that tourism and sightseeing are not the same thing at all. As for developing tourism, other students are too far away. We advocate the development of tourism, which should be healthy and effective and conducive to the future development of mankind. To achieve this, there are many objective preconditions, such as: first, natural conditions; Second, a certain social infrastructure; Third, a good living environment; Fourth, apart from political stability, it is more important for the government to have an appropriate policy plan to develop tourism. If, as another classmate said, the development of tourism can be unconditional and unrestrained, then it is definitely more harmful than beneficial, and it is likely that the disadvantages outweigh the benefits. When we say profit, we not only consider local profit and immediate profit, but also consider long-term profit and overall profit. Because of this, many countries have begun to reconsider the advantages and disadvantages of developing tourism. Our representatives will further elaborate our views from two aspects: material and social culture.

Now it's the second representative of the square, Huang Yue, to speak and see how he can enhance the landscape of the square. The time is 3 minutes.

Founder: Ladies and gentlemen, we just discussed the question of weighing the pros and cons. Now let's look at the meaning of the word development in the title. Some arguments put forward by the students who opposed it just now, such as the decline of tourism and terrorism, just misunderstood the meaning of the word development in the title. What they listed is not the disadvantages of developing tourism, but the disadvantages caused by blind lack of development planning. Now, let's look at what development is. Development is a rational and planned process, a process from scratch and from bad to good. To develop a thing, we must systematically eliminate the unfavorable factors and then establish favorable conditions for it in a planned way. For example, men want to get married and women want to get married. However, in the process of pursuing the object, we have brought ourselves practical benefits. Pay attention to your appearance, manners, etc. when pursuing the object. It was rude not to comb my hair, shave or wash clothes before. Now, in order to establish favorable conditions, I changed my appearance and manners, and finally I became as elegant as our Chairman Zhu. I used to spend a lot of money, but now I have the money to buy a house and rent a house, laying a solid economic foundation. This is not only the benefits of marriage, but also the benefits of pursuing objects and developing marriage! The same is true of the development of tourism, which has more advantages than disadvantages. Just now, our team members said that the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages! What conditions need to be eliminated and established to develop tourism? Let me start with a few important things. First, political stability. As the saying goes, a turbulent society cannot attract tourists at all. Therefore, to develop tourism, we must have a stable politics. Cambodia and Vietnam used to have very developed tourism, but now tourists are discouraged. This is a negative textbook. Second, a clean environment. A place full of rubbish and bad smell is not suitable for tourism, so if we want to develop tourism, we must keep the environment clean. Switzerland's cleanliness is world-famous, which has a lot to do with its tourism prosperity. Third, law and order. A place with many pickpockets, robberies and terrorist activities can't attract tourists. Therefore, many European countries strengthen security measures to ensure the safety of tourists, so that their tourism industry can earn a lot of foreign exchange. Others, such as national etiquette, public morality, cultural relics preservation, etc. It is also necessary for the development of tourism and beneficial to the whole country. Now I want to ask the opposing party the following questions: first, what are the favorable conditions of the country and people that must be excluded in developing tourism? Second, what are the conditions that are harmful to the country and the people but must be established to develop tourism? Thank you all.

Counterparty: I remind the other party that the topic of tonight's debate is "The advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages", and you are beside the point. You said that under certain conditions, the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages. Just now, the second classmate of the other party actually held this view. We believe that economically, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages at any time and under any circumstances. First, the so-called development of tourism can get immediate results and huge benefits, which can only happen during the period of world economic prosperity. On the other hand, if the world economy is depressed, there will be a scene of large investment and slow results. In this case, can it be said that the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages? I regret that the world economy is not in a period of rising prosperity, but in a stage of low growth. The rapid growth before the fifties and sixties has become a beautiful memory. A few days ago, the United States and Japan lowered their estimates of this year's economic growth rate. This economic depression may affect tourism. There is a simple reason. With the economic depression and rising unemployment rate, people can't make ends meet in their daily lives. How do they travel in their spare time? Even if you have leisure time, where do you get the spare money? Therefore, blindly developing tourism now can only do more harm than good. Second, to develop tourism and obtain economic benefits, some conditions must be met. Thank you for agreeing with us. For example: natural scenery, necessary living and transportation facilities and so on. If these conditions are met, the blind development of tourism will undoubtedly do more harm than good. For example, who dares to travel to Afghanistan and Lebanon? Do you dare? I dare not anyway. Even if you develop, no one will travel. This is called beating the dog with meat buns. Third, the exchange rate of the world is unpredictable now, and the income of developing tourism in various countries is often difficult to predict. Especially recently, the exchange rate of the US dollar has fallen sharply. Since last September, it has fallen by about 40% against the German mark and the Japanese yen. As a result, countries dominated by American tourists will suffer huge losses. Fourthly, the blind development of tourism will destroy beautiful natural scenery, such as sea water, beaches, rivers and even air, which is by no means sensational. For example, the beaches in Spain are destroyed and the sea water is polluted. Environmental pollution causes ecological imbalance and seriously affects human survival. I wonder if other students have considered this situation. If you consider this situation, think about it. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages of developing tourism? I'm afraid we only owe posterity an explanation! To sum up, we think that the blind, uncontrolled and unorganized development of tourism can only do more harm than good, thank you!

Right: Ladies and gentlemen, another student interprets today's topic as a full-name proposition, thinking that it means that the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages at any time, any place and any environment, which is a distortion of today's topic. The reason is simple, no one will doubt the correctness of the statement that nutritious food is good for health. However, I want to ask you, no matter when and where, regardless of physical condition, irregular quantification, not following the doctor's advice, is it more harmful than good, or is the advantage greater than harm? But this does not deny the correctness of today's proposition. Although we have explained it clearly, it seems that the other party still doesn't understand the meaning of the word "development" in the title. The so-called tourism they quoted has many disadvantages, in fact, it is the consequences of blindly engaging in tourism without planning. This is also an obstacle that we must eliminate in the rational development of tourism. For example, the other classmate said that developing tourism would bring environmental pollution. Then, I want you to think about it. If China people destroy the Great Wall in order to build a tourist expressway, or tear down the Forbidden City to build a Disneyland, is it the fault of developing tourism or the consequence of engaging in tourism without planning? Let's look at another important issue. Is the unsuccessful development of tourism a disadvantage of tourism? As we all know, the development of any industry cannot guarantee the success of 100%, and it will certainly bring some bad effects after failure. However, due to the flexibility of tourism, the probability of failure in developing tourism is lower than that in other industries, and the sequelae of failure are also lighter than those in other industries. Therefore, the problems after the failure of tourism development should not be regarded as the disadvantages of tourism development. We say this because the flexibility of developing tourism is much higher than that of other industries. First of all, countries can develop tourism according to their own characteristics. Natural scenery such as Switzerland, places of interest such as Egypt, shopping paradise such as Singapore and Hong Kong, and even industrial facilities in Daqing Oilfield can all be the targets of attracting tourists. In addition, tourism can be more flexible to adapt to changes in the environment. For example, in the process of developing tourism, Hong Kong has gone through three stages, from an oriental city to a shopping paradise, and finally to a modern business conference center. Finally, the impact of tourism itself on the overall economy is not only lower than that of other industries. Imagine that Singapore now controls 50% of hotels. What would Singapore look like today if the blast furnace was built for steelmaking, not for hotels? Thank you (applause).

Counterparty: Just now, the other classmate was rational, saying that the advantages of developing tourism under various conditions outweigh the disadvantages. However, the topic of our debate tonight is whether the disadvantages outweigh the advantages or the advantages outweigh the disadvantages in the objective real world. The objective reality is that the development of tourism in most countries is unconditional, unrestrained and blind. Ok, let me explain the problem from the perspective of social culture. We don't deny the positive role of tourism in promoting cultural exchanges, but if we develop tourism blindly and unrestrained, it will bring impact and destruction to our traditional culture. For example, southern European countries advocate nudity, and last year, the World Naked People Conference was held in Yugoslavia. If this meeting had been held in China instead of Yugoslavia, what would have been the result (laughs)? Now, there are few inches of bikini cloth (laughs). If this nude movement continues, I'm afraid the owners of clothing stores will complain! If we blindly develop tourism without restrictions, it will lead to attracting tourists by hook or by crook. Many countries attract tourists not by beautiful scenery and so-called cheap goods, but by their porn industry. Macau's tourism industry is booming, but they are to satisfy gamblers and let gamblers enjoy the lakes, mountains and changes in casinos. Of course, here, we don't equate tourism with pornography and gambling. Singapore can be regarded as a good example in this respect, but unfortunately, there are too few successful examples and too many failures. The reason is that the conditions for success are very difficult, and industries such as gambling and pornography are as easy to flood as cancer cells. The zenith casino in Malaysia and the shemale thigh dance in Thailand are all world-famous. Isn't it true that the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages, and the advantages of developing pornography outweigh the disadvantages (laughs)? The damage caused by the development of tourism to social spirit and culture is immeasurable. For example, the Buddhist temple has always been a place where people place their spiritual beliefs, but I personally saw the monks in the Buddhist temple busy doing business and attracting tourists (laughs); There is also gambling and pornography, which is undoubtedly a poison to the youth in our society. Youth is the future of mankind. If we develop tourism like this without restraint, it will only lead to pornography and gambling (applause).

Right: Ladies and gentlemen, let me briefly summarize our arguments. We have pointed out that tourism has brought benefits such as stimulating domestic consumption, striving for foreign exchange, promoting the balance of international payments, making up for visible trade, promoting capital construction, providing a source of funds for national capital construction, and being able to develop flexibly according to the conditions and characteristics of various countries. The development of tourism can not only promote the above-mentioned interests, but also benefit the countries that develop tourism, because they need to eliminate the factors that are unfavorable to tourism and create favorable conditions for tourism, such as political stability, clean environment and social order. We also pointed out that the unsuccessful development of tourism is not a disadvantage of tourism, and the development of any industry may fail. The development of tourism is more flexible than that of general industries, which greatly reduces the possibility of failure and its consequences. We also point out that the measurement of advantages and disadvantages is not only determined by numbers, but also the strength, suddenness and, especially, inevitability of the advantages and disadvantages themselves. In fact, the other party did not refute these arguments we put forward, and even the other party's arguments completely ignored these accurate and irrefutable principles. For example, they list the consequences of the failure of tourism development in some countries as the disadvantages of tourism development. Just now, our first three students have pointed out that this argument is very wrong. On the other hand, it seems that pornography and gambling are the best ways to develop tourism. This view, on the one hand, shows their ignorance of the multifaceted nature of tourism, on the other hand, they also look down on human nature, just as some TV hosts think that in order to have high ratings, it is necessary to take pornography as the theme. They didn't expect that if they invited the Beijing team to participate in the overseas Chinese debate competition, it would also become a sensational program. The most serious mistake of the other party is that the possibility of many disadvantages they listed is very low. For example, they say that some monks in Buddhist temples are busy entertaining tourists and forget to recite the scriptures. In fact, this kind of situation is rare in Indian temples in Singapore. People in some countries are very unlikely to be dissatisfied with society or suffer from pink eye because of tourism, and the benefits we listed, such as foreign exchange income, are inevitable and high probability. For example, the other party said that tourism has caused turmoil in some countries and unstable people's lives. However, according to a survey conducted by Newsweek the year before last, Switzerland, which is the proudest among European countries, has developed tourism. If the example given by the other party is inevitable, it is really worth considering. Let's give an example. If we win the final debate today, we will be very excited and happy. We are also convinced that the 3000 yuan bonus reimbursed by uob will never slip away. However, after winning, maybe a player was carried away by the victory, so he was arrogant, or he had a good time before returning to Hong Kong with a bonus of 3,000 yuan, and even got AIDS (laughs). This is really unlikely. However, if we overemphasize the possibility of this happening, think that the final victory will do more harm than good, and tell us not to strive for victory tonight, it will be alarmist! I thank everyone.

Counterparty: The other classmate just mentioned the example of bonus. As heroes think, so thought Bruce. I'm also interested in bonuses (laughs). Then I have a question to ask my classmates. If you get a bonus of 2000 or 3000 yuan tonight, if you want to travel with the money, are you traveling to Cambodia? Or travel to China? I'm afraid I won't travel to Cambodia, so China is safer. In addition, the other four students can say that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages with one voice, which is equivalent to acknowledging our point of view. We don't think the development of tourism can be done under any conditions. Just now, four students demonstrated our arguments from various aspects, and I am grateful (applause). Now, let me summarize my argument. We believe that the advantages of developing tourism at any time and under any conditions outweigh the disadvantages. First of all, the situation of tourism depends on the growth of the world economy. The reason is very simple. Food is the most important thing for people. If they have no money in their pockets, who will have the heart to travel? At that time, I'm afraid only beggars wandered around begging for food. Only then are they interested in these things. Then the world economy was depressed, which had to cast a shadow over the development of tourism. Second, in recent years, international terrorism has been rampant and the situation in many countries is unstable. Take the Philippines as an example! Recently, before and after Marcos stepped down, I think, at that time, everyone except Time reporter would not be interested in traveling to the Philippines! Why ask for it? Therefore, we think it is obviously untenable to say that the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages under any circumstances. Thirdly, from a cultural point of view, if the advantages outweigh the disadvantages as long as the tourism industry is developed, then in order to attract tourists, etiquette, honesty and morality can be ignored. Where is the excellent traditional culture? At this point, we should learn from Singapore, because their development is real, practical and effective. If the advantages of this way of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages, I support it with both hands. But how many countries in the world have the conditions of Singapore? Do other students know (laughs)? Fourth, everyone is shouting to return to nature. As a result, nature suffers, garbage is everywhere, environmental pollution and ecological balance are seriously damaged. At this rate, where can we talk about any benefits? In a word, blind and unconditional development of tourism will definitely do more harm than good, no matter from the political, economic or social point of view. I think if we developed tourism in the way pointed out by other students, I'm afraid there wouldn't be Singapore today! Next, I have a few questions I want to discuss with my classmates. First, you said that the development of tourism can bring foreign exchange income, but if it is developed blindly, can it bring foreign exchange income? I'm afraid it will bring foreign exchange leakage. Second, you said that developing tourism can expand cultural exchanges, but did you see it? Don't many countries bring spiritual garbage because of the development of tourism? Third, you also said that the so-called development of tourism is conditional, and under certain conditions, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. So under other conditions, if these conditions are not met, wouldn't it do more harm than good? Please answer this question. In a word, we feel that the development of tourism cannot be generalized. If the advantages outweigh the disadvantages under any conditions, it is definitely untenable and the result will be very painful. This kind of example can be said to be endless. In addition, just now your second classmate talked about the so-called development problem and thought that we should make a fuss about development. But I want to ask another classmate, what can you do to help each country develop well?