Writing in the Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy

1. At the beginning of the tower, the tower was still straight up. But when it reached the third floor, it was found that the tower began to tilt and the project was forced to stop. The main reasons for the tower's inclination are poor soil strength, insufficient foundation depth (only 3 meters deep), and the tower built of marble is very heavy, resulting in uneven sinking of the tower. This happened. It is entirely because the architect did not conduct a comprehensive and detailed investigation and survey of the local geological structure, which led to design mistakes and careless foundation construction. After 96 years of shutdown, the tower resumed construction. In order to prevent the tower from tilting again, engineers took a series of remedial measures, such as using beams of different lengths to increase the weight of the tower tilted in the opposite direction, trying to shift the center of gravity of the tower. However, since the three-story tilt became a reality, after the completion of the whole tower, the vertical line between the center of the tower top and the center of the tower is still about 2 meters. For more than 600 years, because the loose foundation can't bear the heavy pressure of the tower, it has been slowly tilting south. The south of the tower foundation has begun to sink. Especially in the last century, the tower has been tilted about 30 cm to the south, with an inclination of 8 degrees, and the tower is 5. 1 m above the vertical plane. 1972 10. The leaning tower was severely impacted by the Italian earthquake, and the whole tower shook for 22 minutes, which was extremely dangerous. Fortunately, the tower still stands. This phenomenon of "inclined but not inclined" is a miracle in the history of world architecture, making the leaning tower of Pisa famous.

The leaning tower, a miracle in the history of world architecture, is not only famous for "leaning but not falling", but also because in 1590, Galileo, a great Italian scientist, made a free-fall experiment at the top of the leaning tower, making two iron balls with a weight difference of 10 times fall from the top of the tower at the same time. As a result, two balls landed at the same time. In one fell swoop, it overthrew the theory of Aristotle, a famous Greek scholar who bound people's minds for nearly 2000 years, that the falling speed of objects with different weights is directly proportional to their weight. Galileo initiated a new era of experimental physics, known as the "father of modern science", and his leaning tower used for experiments is also more famous.

2. Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy The Leaning Tower of Pisa is located on the Miracle Square in the north of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy.

There are a group of religious buildings scattered on the lawn of the square, namely the cathedral (built in1063-13rd century), the Baptist church (built in1153-14th century), the bell tower (leaning tower of Pisa) and the cemetery (.

The bell tower was built in 1 173 and designed to be vertical. However, the project started soon because of uneven foundation and soft soil. 1372 is completed, and the tower inclines to the southeast. The leaning tower of Pisa is the symbol of Pisa. 1987, because of its great influence on Italian architectural art from1century to14th century, it was selected as a world heritage site by UNESCO together with the adjacent cathedrals, baptisms and cemeteries.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built in 1 173, and was presided over by the famous architect Nano Pisano. It is located on the right behind the Romanesque Cathedral and is a symbol of Pisa.

At the beginning, the tower height was designed to be about 100 meters, but after five or six years of construction, the tower began to tilt from the third floor until it was completed. Before closing, the top of the tower has been tilted to the south (that is, the top of the tower deviates from the vertical line) by 3.5 meters. 1990, Italy * * * closed it down and began to transform it.

In practical work, many experts have fully studied the whole history of the leaning tower of Pisa, as well as its building materials, structure, geology and water source, and tested it with various advanced instruments and equipment. Professor Piroddi, a medieval historian in Pisa, believes that every Shi Zhuan in the tower is a masterpiece of stone carving, and the bonding between Shi Zhuan and stone bricks is very clever, which effectively prevents the tower from breaking due to inclination and becomes a factor that the leaning tower will not fall down.

However, he still stressed that it is imperative to find out the secret of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Professor Gary, an expert who is engaged in observing the tower, speculates that the leaning tower of Pisa will collapse after 250 years, because the center of gravity of the tower exceeds the outer edge of the tower foundation.

However, the relevant personnel of the Leaning Tower of Pisa Service Bureau of the Ministry of Public Affairs refuted Professor Gary's view that it is not reliable to calculate only by mathematical means, and the Leaning Tower of Pisa is "a comprehensive problem interwoven with many facts". Other researchers found that the leaning tower of Pisa once tilted to the east and then turned to the south. They also believe that the leaning tower of Pisa has been tilted for hundreds of years, and after 250 years, it may no longer be limited to simple assumptions and predictions.

Of course, Pisa people are most concerned about the fate of the leaning tower. Although they are also worried about the inclination of the leaning tower, they are more proud and proud. They are proud that there is a leaning tower in their hometown that they think can rival the world famous buildings. They firmly believe that it will not fall. They have a saying that the leaning tower of Pisa is as strong and strong as Pisa people and will never fall down.

They hate the suggestion of righting the leaning tower again. For example 1934, 90 tons of cement was sprayed in and around the foundation, and the foundation waterproof project was implemented, but the tower became more unstable, moved around and tilted faster.

The construction of the bell tower of Pisa Cathedral began in August of 1 173. This project was interrupted twice and lasted for a long time, which took about 200 years to complete. Its designer is still unknown.

The inscription found on the right wall of the entrance of the bell tower records the time when the bell tower began to be built: "MCL XXIV. Campanile hoc fuit fun datum mense Augusti ",translated as" this bell tower was laid in August 1 174 "(note: it was actually August 1 173. This year has also appeared in historical archives and contemporary chronicles many times.

In the past, people used to think that the bell tower was deliberately designed to tilt, but now people clearly know that this is not the case. As the bell tower of Pisa Cathedral, the design of 1 173 was erected vertically when it was built on August 9. The original design is 8 floors with a height of 54.8 meters. Its unique white flashing medieval style building will be one of the most noteworthy bell towers in Europe, even if it does not tilt later.

However, in 1 185, when the bell tower was built to the fourth floor, it was found that the bell tower had tilted to the southeast due to uneven foundation and soft soil, and the project was suspended. During the period of 1 198, the existence of the bell tower was recorded, indicating that although the bell tower was tilted, at least one bell was hung, realizing its original intention as a bell tower.

123 1 year, the project continued, and the use of marble in the bell tower was recorded for the first time. The builder has taken various measures to correct the inclination, and deliberately built the upper floor of the bell tower to tilt in the opposite direction to compensate for the shift of the center of gravity that has occurred.

When 1278 goes to the seventh floor, the tower is no longer straight, but concave. The project is suspended again.

1292, Giovanni Pisano measured the inclination of the bell tower with a plumb line. 1360, after almost a century of stagnation, the bell tower began its last sprint and made the last important modification.

1372 clock top floor completed. There are seven clocks in the 54-meter-high eight-story bell tower, but it has not been knocked off because it is in danger of collapse at any time.

The leaning tower of Pisa is undoubtedly an important building in architectural history. Before the serious tilt, its bold circular architectural design has shown its originality to the world.

Although it is not uncommon for Italian bell towers to adopt circular foundation design in early years, similar examples can be found in ravenna, Tuscany and umbria, the Pisa Bell Tower is considered to be independent of these prototypes. To a greater extent, the circular building was independently designed and developed on the basis of previous architectural experience, forming a unique pizza style. For example, the circular design of the bell tower is considered to correspond to the reflection of the cathedral building on the side, so it deliberately imitates the arc design of the semi-circular back hall of the church.

More importantly, the bell tower is consistent with the emphasis on circular structure in the square, especially after the completion of the grand circular Baptist church, the whole square is more like the modern version of Anastasi in Jerusalem. This design is derived from classic ancient architecture.

Decorative lattice of bell tower.

3. Aristotle's composition after walking down the leaning tower of Pisa

When Galileo's experiment was successful, he walked down the leaning tower with great excitement. His eyebrows bent down a little, his mouth rose a little, and the big stone in his heart fell to the ground. His mood at this time is very complicated, that is, he is excited and has an unspeakable feeling. He doesn't know what people will think, but he hopes that his goal has been achieved.

He walked out of the leaning tower happily and looked at the crowd over there. I saw some people blushing and lowering their heads, as if afraid to look at the little girl in front of them. I saw the little girl say in a reproachful tone: Uncle, I have already said that the teacher will succeed. Although I didn't believe what the teacher said before, seeing is believing, but my hearing is empty. After I saw it with my own eyes, I believed all this. We should treat science with a rigorous attitude. If you are so blindly superstitious about Aristotle, I don't think Aristotle will feel very happy when he knows it. An old woman next to her said, Oh, my God! I can hardly believe my eyes. I am really superstitious about authority. I always thought that everything the great Aristotle said was right, but I didn't expect it to be all wrong. I really shouldn't criticize Galileo's practice before I saw him doing the experiment.

Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italy) English: Leaning Tower of Pisa

Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa or Torre di Pisa

Geographical coordinates: 43 43' 23 "n,10 23' 47" e [Edit this paragraph] Introduction.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa is located in the Miracle Square in the north of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy. There are a group of religious buildings scattered on the lawn of the square, namely the cathedral (built in1063-13rd century), the Baptist church (built in1153-14th century), the bell tower (leaning tower of Pisa) and the cemetery (.

The bell tower was built in 1 173 and designed to be vertical. However, the project started soon because of uneven foundation and soft soil. 1372 is completed, and the tower inclines to the southeast.

The leaning tower of Pisa is the symbol of Pisa. 1987, because of its great influence on Italian architectural art from1century to14th century, it was selected as a world heritage site by UNESCO together with the adjacent cathedrals, baptisms and cemeteries. [Edit this paragraph] Architectural history

The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built in 1 173, and was presided over by the famous architect Bonano Pisano. It is located on the right behind the Romanesque Cathedral and is a symbol of Pisa. At the beginning, the tower height was designed to be about 100 meters, but after five or six years of construction, the tower began to tilt from the third floor until it was completed. Before closing, the top of the tower has been tilted to the south (that is, the top of the tower deviates from the vertical line) by 3.5 meters. 1990, Italy * * * closed it down and began to transform it.

In practical work, many experts have fully studied the whole history of the leaning tower of Pisa, as well as its building materials, structure, geology and water source, and tested it with various advanced instruments and equipment. Professor Piroddi, a medieval historian in Pisa, believes that every Shi Zhuan in the tower is a masterpiece of stone carving, and the bonding between Shi Zhuan and stone bricks is very clever, which effectively prevents the tower from breaking due to inclination and becomes a factor that the leaning tower will not fall down. However, he still stressed that it is imperative to find out the secret of the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

Professor Gary, an expert who is engaged in observing the tower, speculates that the leaning tower of Pisa will collapse after 250 years, because the center of gravity of the tower exceeds the outer edge of the tower foundation. However, the relevant personnel of the Leaning Tower of Pisa Service Bureau of the Ministry of Public Affairs refuted Professor Gary's view that it is not reliable to calculate only by mathematical means, and the Leaning Tower of Pisa is "a comprehensive problem interwoven with many facts". Other researchers found that the leaning tower of Pisa once tilted to the east and then turned to the south. They also believe that the leaning tower of Pisa has been tilted for hundreds of years, and after 250 years, it may no longer be limited to simple assumptions and predictions.

5. The freedom of beautiful composition like the leaning tower of Pisa, two charming words, so close to us, but so far away.

I don't know how many times I think of this word when I wake up every day, but I can only sigh. I don't know when I suddenly found out that what I yearn for most in my bones is freedom, not good work, good grades and so on.

Perhaps Tao Yuanming's demeanor influenced me and made me desperately want to leave the dust net and cage like him and be a bird accompanied by green mountains and green waters in nature. Some people say that choosing nature is also choosing poverty.

But I firmly believe that Tao Yuanming is right, because he has found his own life, even if it is a life of "morning prosperity and waste, and the moon lotus returns", he can still feel at ease. Maybe Sun Shaoping's choice influenced me.

He gave up the opportunity to work in his brother's brick kiln and went to the coal mine as a miner alone. Living in the dark every day, wearing black clothes and working at the bottom of the mine is more than ten hours.

This is a difficult choice, but I know that no matter how difficult it is, it will become a kind of sweetness because of the support of faith. What about me? Helpless.

I won't be Tao Yuanming, nor will I be Sun Shaoping, although I yearn for my lifestyle so much. However, life forces me to pursue other things.

Although I always remember Dante saying, "Be firm in your faith, be like a strong tower, and don't be overturned by the storm." . People who stay away from their goals because of other people's ideas are the most regrettable. "

However, in front of my parents, I am just a spoiled child. I don't have my own peach blossom garden, my own persistence, and my own tower that doesn't tilt.

They carefully and devoutly designed the future for me, full of hope. For me, this is an unspeakable helplessness.

A classmate once joked about his future: go to college, work, get married, have children, and then let the children study, work, get married, have children, and so on. Helpless, I have to admit that this is a condom that everyone will jump into.

Now, what we are pursuing is nothing more than a good job and a good university. I suddenly remembered the leaning tower of Pisa.

A tower famous all over the world for its tilt. So I seem to understand.

It turns out that tilt is also a kind of beauty. Just like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, we can put ourselves in a position where we stick to our beliefs without violating our parents.

Because self-discovery and the pursuit of life are not the relationship between fish and bear's paw. Shi Huaizhe said that he enjoyed life to the fullest before the age of 30, and since then, he has devoted himself to world peace.

As a result, he did it. A beam of sunshine came in and thought, "Stars? A sentence in "Spring Water": "Only you are real, and only you can create yourself. "

I thought the same thing.

6. Please introduce the Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa or English: lean Tower of Pisa), which was built in August 1 173. It is the independent bell tower of Pisa Cathedral in Italy, located on the Miracle Square in the north of Pisa in Tuscany, Italy.

A group of religious buildings are scattered on the lawn of Miracle Square. They are cathedral (built in1063-13rd century), baptist church (built in1153-14th century), bell tower (leaning tower of Pisa) and cemetery (built in 65438).

Extended data:

Architectural style of leaning tower of Pisa

The leaning tower of Pisa is undoubtedly an important building in architectural history. Before the serious tilt, its bold circular architectural design has shown its originality to the world.

Although it is not uncommon for Italian bell towers to adopt circular foundation design in early years, similar examples can be found in ravenna, Tuscany and umbria, the Pisa Bell Tower is considered to be independent of these prototypes. To a greater extent, the circular building was independently designed and developed on the basis of previous architectural experience, forming a unique pizza style.

The decorative style of the bell tower inherits the classic works of cathedral and Baptist church. This wall is made of marble or limestone and divided into two kinds of white belts. The arch with semi-exposed square columns, the carved gate in the arcade, the rhombic lattice flat top and the wall above the arcade form a strong contrast between the bright side and the dark side, giving people the illusion that the columns in the bell tower are quite heavy.

Sogou encyclopedia-leaning tower of Pisa

7. Introduce the English sentence 1. Later, people gave the tower a new name. They call it the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Later, people gave the tower a new name: the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

A long time ago, a tall tower was built. This tower is located in the Italian town of Pisa. That is a beautiful bell tower. A long time ago, people built a tower in Pisa, Italy. This is a very beautiful bell tower.

Today, millions of people visit Pisa every year. They went only to see the leaning tower. Will this tower collapse? Today, millions of people come to Pisa every year to visit the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Will this tower fall down in the future? Heaven/God knows

8. Information on the Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built in 1 173, and was presided over by the famous architect Nano Pisano. It is located on the right behind the Romanesque Cathedral and is a symbol of Pisa. At the beginning, the tower height was designed to be about 100 meters, but after five or six years of construction, the tower began to tilt from the third floor until it was completed. Before closing, the top of the tower has been tilted to the south (that is, the top of the tower deviates from the vertical line) by 3.5 meters. 1990, Italy * * * closed it down and began to transform it.

In practical work, many experts have fully studied the whole history of the leaning tower of Pisa, as well as its building materials, structure, geology and water source, and tested it with various advanced instruments and equipment. Professor Piroddi, a medieval historian in Pisa, believes that every Shi Zhuan in the tower is a masterpiece of stone carving, and the bonding between Shi Zhuan and stone bricks is very clever, which effectively prevents the tower from breaking due to inclination and becomes a factor that the leaning tower will not fall down. However, he still stressed that it is imperative to find out the secret of the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

Professor Gary, an expert who is engaged in observing the tower, speculates that the leaning tower of Pisa will collapse after 250 years, because the center of gravity of the tower exceeds the outer edge of the tower foundation. However, the relevant personnel of the Leaning Tower of Pisa Service Bureau of the Ministry of Public Affairs refuted Professor Gary's view that it is not reliable to calculate only by mathematical means, and the Leaning Tower of Pisa is "a comprehensive problem interwoven with many facts". Other researchers found that the leaning tower of Pisa once tilted to the east and then turned to the south. They also believe that the leaning tower of Pisa has been tilted for hundreds of years, and after 250 years, it may no longer be limited to simple assumptions and predictions.

Of course, Pisa people are most concerned about the fate of the leaning tower. Although they are also worried about the inclination of the leaning tower, they are more proud and proud. They are proud that there is a leaning tower in their hometown that they think can rival the world famous buildings. They firmly believe that it will not fall. They have a saying that the leaning tower of Pisa is as strong and strong as Pisa people and will never fall down. They hate the suggestion of righting the leaning tower again. For example 1934, 90 tons of cement was sprayed in and around the foundation, and the foundation waterproof project was implemented, but the tower became more unstable, moved around and tilted faster.

9. Composition Leaning Tower Experiment (Insert Edition) The 400-word Leaning Tower of Pisa is an ancient building in Pisa, central Italy. It was originally a bell tower of Pisa Cathedral.

This 54.5-meter-high eight-story cylindrical building was started in 1 174. Due to the weak foundation, the tower was found to be tilted just after it was built on the third floor and had to stop working. After more than a century, people continued to build, so when it was completed at 1350, this Roman marble building was like a crooked tree, which could never be straightened.

Since then, more than 600 years have passed, and the leaning tower of Pisa has tilted 5.3 degrees to the south, which is about 1mm every year. However, despite the tilt of the tower and the constant earthquakes, this ancient pagoda still stands in the city of Pisa, becoming a miracle in the history of world-famous architecture.

In addition to the above reasons, the Leaning Tower of Pisa is famous in the world because it is closely related to an important event in the history of scientific discovery. It was a sunny day on 1590. A 25-year-old young scientist with red hair led several young college students through the crowded square of tourists, got into the arched ticket gate at the bottom of the leaning tower and climbed the stairs along the spiral inside the tower.

Not long after, the tourists gathered in the square found that there were college students at the arched ticket gate outside the leaning tower of Pisa, and the young scientist with red hair climbed to the top of the tower. "Hey, what are they doing?" An Italian businessman with a beard in the square asked a snack vendor nearby puzzled.

"Sir, they are students of Pisa University," replied the vendor with a white apron around his waist. "I heard that they are doing some real ... experiments."

The vendor is right, because there are still several college students in the square asking tourists to leave the leaning tower to avoid being hurt by things thrown by people on the tower. While speaking, the red-haired young scientist at the top of the tower shouted; "Are you ready?" The heads sticking out of each floor shouted in unison, "All right, we can start!" " "At this time, all the college students on each floor of the tower reached out, holding a heavy box with a glass hourglass next to it. At that time, there was no accurate stopwatch, and the hourglass was a tool for calculating time.

That box contains two objects of different weights, some are two iron balls of different sizes, some are stones of different sizes, and some even have ink bottles and quills. This box is specially made. Just press a button and the bottom cover will open automatically.

The experiment began. Only the red-haired young scientist at the top of the tower made a phone call, and the college students at the bottom pressed the button.

At this time, I saw the box open and two objects with completely different weights fell quickly. A few seconds later, people in the square heard a bang and two objects landed at the same time. Followed by the second, third and fifth floors ... repeat the experiment in turn.

Finally, the red-haired young scientist at the top of the tower still holds a box with two iron balls of different sizes. He pressed the button and the iron ball flew down quickly, and the result also landed at the same time. The time recorded by the hourglass illustrates the truth that objects with different weights fall from the same height and reach the ground at the same time.

The experiment succeeded! Although the tourists in the square are not interested in this experiment at all, this experiment has shaken a "truth" that no one has doubted for thousands of years. This "truth" was put forward by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. He thinks that when an object falls from a height, its speed depends on its weight. The heavier the object, the faster it falls. The Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment overturned this authoritative conclusion.

Who is this red-haired young scientist who dares to challenge authority? He is a famous Italian mathematician, astronomer and physicist. This is the process of recording the experiment at that time.