Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Guide 550 words

Today, we will visit the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum. The Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum is located 35 kilometers east of You'an City. It takes about 50 minutes to get there by car from the Sheraton Hotel. Since the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum opened on October 1, 1979, party and government leaders from many countries have visited this museum, and millions of Chinese and foreign tourists have traveled a long distance to visit this miracle of mankind. French President Chirac once left a message saying: "There were seven wonders in the world, and the discovery of the Qin Terracotta Warriors can be said to be the eighth wonder. If you don't see the pyramids, you haven't really been to Egypt. If you don't see the Qin Terracotta Warriors, you haven't really been to Egypt." "I have been to China." Former U.S. Vice President Mondale also said, "This is a real miracle. People all over the world should come here to see it." From these highly condensed words, it is not difficult to see the history of the Qin Terracotta Warriors. value and artistic value. Next, I would like to introduce Qin Shihuang, a historical giant who achieved great achievements of his generation, so that everyone can have a more detailed understanding of Qin Shi Huang’s Terracotta Warriors and the history related to them.

To talk about the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses, we must first introduce Xia Yingzheng. In 259 BC, a generation of great men Yingzheng was born. When he was 13 years old, his father died. He inherited the throne. According to Thai practice. The king can govern in person only after holding a "coronation ceremony" at the age of 22. then. The power of the Qin State was still in the hands of the Queen Mother, Prime Minister Lu Buwei, and the eunuch Mi Ping (160 6i). Especially Luozhen. He held great power and was popular. When he saw Wan Gai growing up, he plotted a rebellion. seize power. In 238 BC, the 22-year-old Ying Zheng went to the Na New Year Palace in Yongcheng, the old capital, to hold a coronation ceremony. Muyou laid an ambush on the way back to Xianyang from Banian Palace, preparing to kill Yingzheng. When Ying Zheng noticed this, he used his superior force to defeat Gong Helm, captured him alive, and tore him to death. After Yingzheng's personal greetings. In the name of Lu Buwei's indulgence in marrying Liang, Ri Buwei was exiled. Lu Buwei later drank poison and committed suicide. In this way, Yingzheng successfully eliminated the two major hostile forces within the regime and consolidated its position.

In order to further consolidate the monarch's power, Yingzheng selected a group of shrewd and capable civil servants and generals, such as Wei Liao who was in charge of the military and Li Si who was in charge of the country. Then, Yingzheng formulated the policy of war and bribery, which included establishing close ties with distant enemies, alienating foreign enemies, and defeating them one by one. He began to unify China and ended the chaotic situation of more than 500 years since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in which various vassal states had been separatist and hegemonic. From 230 BC to 221 BC, in less than 10 years, Thailand destroyed 6 countries, finally completed the great cause of unification, established the first centralized feudal country, and laid the foundation for feudal socio-economic, political, and The foundation was laid for the rapid development of ideological and cultural development. This once again shows the talent-preserving talent of Yingzheng.

Ying Zheng called himself the First Emperor. Because he hopes that his descendants can pass on the political power he created from generation to generation. to this end. He overhauled the bureaucracy. First. He personally appointed and removed all officials from the central to the local level; secondly, he abolished the feudal system and implemented the system of counties and counties. third. Qin Shihuang also unified laws, writing, currency, weights and measures, etc. These measures greatly promoted the political, economic, and cultural development of feudal society. In addition, he also requisitioned labor and built extensive roads to facilitate transportation in various places to facilitate economic and cultural exchanges. After he connected the Great Wall built by Qin, Zhao and Yan during the Warring States Period. It was further expanded to form the Great Wall from Lintiao, Gansu Province in the west to Yinshi, Liaodong Province in the east, which effectively curbed the harassment of the nomadic tribes in the east.

Most Chinese emperors built huge and luxurious mausoleums for themselves. On this point, Case Shihuang was no exception. When he first ascended the throne at the age of 13, he ordered the construction of a mausoleum for him. The original height of this building is 120 meters. The huge hill with a circumference of more than 2,000 meters is still 76 meters high and more than 400 meters long despite being eroded by wind, rain and man-made damage. The first emperor of the People's Republic of China shrunk his capital, Weiyang, into his own cemetery, with an almost identical layout. The northwest corner of the inner city of the cemetery is the temple building area, the depression in the northeast of the mausoleum is a fish pond used for memorial sacrifices, and the northwest corner of the outer city of the cemetery is the stone processing plant. Outside the outer city of Lingxi is a large cemetery. According to historical records, the total population of the Qin Dynasty was about 20 million, and the number of adults was only 7 million. When the mausoleum was built, the number of adults was up to 700,000, which shows the scale of the project.

The mausoleum of the First Emperor is like a huge underground palace. It can be said to be an underground "blessed paradise". There is an astronomical star chart on the roof of the tomb, which is made of various shining jewels. Below there are the Five Mountains, Kyushu, and rivers and lakes made of mechanically driven mercury. In addition, there is no hall for officials to worship the First Emperor. In order to prevent theft, automatic bows and arrows are installed on the door of each tomb. The entire mausoleum can be said to be a magnificent and impregnable underground royal palace. Emperor Anshi also moved everything he enjoyed during his lifetime underground. For him to continue to enjoy in another world. He didn't even let go of the maids who accompanied him and had no children, as well as the craftsmen who worked hard to build underground tombs. He ordered that all these people be buried alive when they were dying, in order to prevent the palace maids from marrying others and to prevent the secrets in the mausoleum from being leaked.

Now, we are facing Pit No. 1 of the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum. In the pit is the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses, known as the "Eighth Wonder of the World". Facing the majestic and powerful military formation, the following questions will definitely flash in your mind: How did these Qin servants discover them? Why do they look different? Why were these figurines made? How many figurines are there in pits 1, 2, and 3? Okay, now I will answer these questions one by one.

These figurines were discovered by farmers in Xiyang Village in March 1974 while digging wells. According to the old man in the village. As early as the Ming Dynasty, someone discovered Qin Terracotta Warriors here. One day, the refugees living in the village ordered a well in the open space outside the village. The water in the well was clear and very pleasant. However, the next day they found that the water at the bottom of the well was missing. The bolder among them tied a rope around their waists and went down to check. Soon. There were screams from the well, and the people above were pulling the people in the well up. The man said that he saw a standing monster wearing armor. Reach out to catch him. The listeners were very frightened and wanted to quickly backfill the well with soil. But they ultimately decided to report it to the antiquities department.

After exploration and identification by archaeological experts. Pit t, 2, and 3 in the Qin Tiao Museum were confirmed to be the burial pits of Huang Ling, the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty. From 1974 to 1979, after five years of hard work, a majestic and scientifically structured building was erected on the site of Pit No. 1. This is the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit No. 1 which was opened to domestic and foreign tourists in October 1979. Pit No. 3 was opened to the public on September 27, 1989 - World Tourism Day. Now, on the site of Pit No. 2, a marble building has been completed. It began to receive tourists in November 1994. Since then, all three figurine pits have been protected in buildings and are no longer exposed to wind, sun, rain and rain. While it is for tourists to watch and reminisce about the past, archaeologists continue to excavate and sort out the terracotta warriors and horses here.

After measurement, Pit No. 1 is 330 meters long from east to west, 62 meters wide from north to south, and covers an area of ??4,260 square meters. At the easternmost end of the Dong pit is a 3gf samurai facing east, 7 in each row, with a maximum of 210 pokes. They are the vanguard of the army. Behind the forward troops was the main body of the troops. They were divided into 38 columns and stood in 11 tunnels. Each tunnel is paved with green bricks, and there are pillars every 2 meters on both sides of the tunnel. These columns support the wooden roof, which is woven into a "herringbone" pattern mat. There was dirt on the mat. The entire tunnel is 5 meters deep from the surface. In addition, there is a row of warriors facing outward on the south, north, and west sides of the tunnel. They are the right wing, left wing and rear guard of the army. Now, more than 1,000 pottery barrels have been unearthed from Pit No. 1. According to push and suppress. After all excavations are completed. More than 6,000 soldier toilets will be unearthed from Pit No. 1 alone.

This is Pit No. 2, which was opened in November 1994. It is a square formation composed of chariots, cavalry and infantry. It is estimated that more than 1,000 Dong soldiers and more than 500 chariots, horses and pommel horses can be unearthed. Pit No. 2 covers an area of ??6,000 square meters. The protruding part on the east side is a small square array, composed of 6334 curved barrels. In the south of Pit No. 2, there are 64 tanks forming a phalanx, with 8 tanks in each row and 8 tanks in each row; in the middle, there are 19 tanks and unarmed soldiers accompanying them; in the north, there are tanks and cavalry. In the north is a cavalry formation composed of 6 chariots, 124 pommel horses and 124 cavalry pieces each.

Now, we have arrived at Pit No. 3, which is located 25 meters west of Pit No. 2. This pit was discovered in 1976. It has a concave shape and covers an area of ??520 square meters. In Pit No. 3, archaeological experts found only one chariot and 64 samurai weapons. They stand opposite each other, holding the weapon of guard (sh6) in their hands. Most archaeological experts believe that judging from the arrangement of the warriors in the pit, the weapons in their hands, and the location of the pit and the Qin Mausoleum, pit No. 3 was the headquarters of the entire military formation. It is estimated that more than 8,000 pottery pieces will be unearthed after the first, second and third guide pits are all opened. These hundreds have different looks: some are calm and resolute, some are brave and courageous, and some are charitable and smiling. It can be said that Yang Yang is alive, with different expressions. Because they are all based on the soldiers of Qin Shihuang's Chelin Army, therefore, among the 8,000 "underground imperial guards", you will never find two with the same appearance and shape. Each one of them was extremely exhausted. The heaviest weighed more than 300 kilograms, while the lightest weighed more than 100 kilograms. Their heights ranged from 1.7 meters to 1.9 meters. If you look carefully, it is not difficult to tell which ones are from Shaanxi and You, which are from Sichuan, and which ones are from eastern Gansu. This can be seen in the way their beards are groomed and how they look. Many of us have seen the Japanese "Nitansu" in movies. In fact, there was evidence of Juren Dan drinking in the case. It can be seen that this is not a Japanese invention. As early as more than 2,000 years ago, some people in China had such beards.

Those who wear narrow-sleeved tabard coats, waist-length short armor, tight-fitting animal skin shoes, and windbreakers on their heads are obviously alert cavalry. The one whose left foot is on the ground, his knees are arched, his right leg is flat on the ground, and the sole of the foot is tilted back is Kneeling Shoot Bai.

He stared straight ahead, his expression focused. The needle angle on the sole of this shoe is meticulously detailed at both ends. Sparse in the middle. Completely consistent with the historical facts. In the rural areas of Shaanxi in the 1950s and 1960s, many farmers still liked to wear this kind of hangings, but the toes of their shoes were not turned upward. Almost every piece of clothing is engraved with the name of the craftsman, which is in line with the system of "taking the name of the workman to test his sincerity". The product quality supervision and management system we implement today was adopted by the people of Qin 2,000 years ago.

The horse chips in Yongkeng are typical of Hexi Corridor horses. It is 15 meters tall and 2 meters long, and is divided into four parts: head, neck, trunk and legs. The legs are solid and the torso is hollow, fired in sections and then put together. The horse's ears should be erect and its body should be strong and graceful. It can be seen from this that the Qin people are worthy of being a horse-raising family.

You may want to ask why Qin Shihuang made so many military toilets for him? How were they fired? It turns out that Qin Shihuang wanted to bury him with 4,000 boys and girls. He issued an order to Li Si to take charge of the matter. Li Si was afraid. I dare not execute this order immediately. Because, 6 made Qin Opera. The construction of the Great Wall has aroused public resentment. Wouldn't it add fuel to the fire if so many boys and virgins were buried? I'm afraid he will die without a burial place in the future. Therefore, Li Si suggested to the First Emperor that he make a soldier's toilet the same size as a real horse to protect his soul and enhance his prestige. After hearing this official, Qin Shihuang was overjoyed. He issued a new decree asking Li Si to recruit skilled craftsmen from all over the country. Based on his 8060 Royal Forest Army. q is Tao Bai. These barrels must be arranged in actual combat formations with actual weapons in hand. Qin Shihuang repeatedly told Li Si that the Imperial Guards must not know about this matter. Because there is a saying among the people in the Qin Dynasty that if a person is copied by others, he will become a person. His soul was also taken away. This is a big no-no. Of course, the First Emperor did not want to anger his favorite Japanese army. The craftsmen went to inquire about Lin Junzhong's relatives, friends, fellow villagers, and acquaintances one after another, carefully observed his appearance and features, and kept them in mind. After returning home, the craftsmen used techniques such as molding, shaping, engraving, and pasting to make pottery hundred, and then fired them in the kiln. However, all the Tao Bai put in were burned and the craftsmen were puzzled as to why. Later, in order to vent his hatred for the overseer, a craftsman removed the head of the overseer Tao Yong, "cut off" his limbs, "cleaned" his internal organs with his hands, and burned them in sections in the kiln. This time the kiln was not blown up. He attached the head and limbs to Bai's body, and a living overseer appeared. , thus, the craftsmen began a large-scale manufacturing project. In this way, 8,000 Imperial Guards were created.

Of course, the use of the huge army to show Qin Shihuang's ambition to destroy the six kingdoms and establish a unified emperor was used. These soldiers all held short weapons, long weapons and long-range weapons, such as swords, iridiums, Wu hooks, spears, spears, man, cai, hinges, bows, bends, etc. These weapons are mainly made of copper and tin, and after analysis, they also contain 13 other rare metals. In order to prevent the weapons from rusting, the suspects put a layer of chromium salt oxide on the surface of the weapons. This chromium plating technology was only invented by the Danguo people in the 1920s. Our country began plating chromium on weapons more than 2,000 years ago. This is actually Astonishing. The bending machines that have been unearthed are divided into three types: small, medium and large. For the first two kinds of scooping machines, soldiers can pull the bowstring with their hands, but for large bending machines, soldiers must use levers. Only then can the bow string be pulled to the trigger. The range of the large-scale drone is more than 600 meters, which is comparable to an old-fashioned rifle.

These are two bronze chariots and horses discovered in 1980 18 meters west of the mausoleum. The first carriage and horse are horses and high carriages, and the second carriage and horses are mules and horses. When Ren discovered it, the two carriages and horses were seriously damaged, especially the Ancha for the soul of Qin Shihuang, which had been broken into more than 1,500 pieces. After being restored by archaeologists, they now look intact. The two carriages, horses, and people are all modeled after real carriages, horses, and real people, scaled down by one-half. There are 1,720 gold and silver ornaments on the carriage alone, weighing 7 kilograms. Steel carriages and horses give people not only artistic enjoyment, but more importantly. They have important historical and scientific value. Bronze chariots and horses are a rare physical resource for us to understand and study the Qin Dynasty's chariot making, metallurgical casting technology, and craftsmanship. Although. Qin Shihuang, the hero who created countless great achievements, Yingzheng has been dead for more than 2,000 years. However, what do his great achievements and the existing military toilets leave people to think about? In other words, what can we learn from the above things? What? I think we should learn and imitate the courage and courage to set a historical precedent and not be afraid of death for the reunification of the country. The extraordinary magnanimity and courage of a generation of great men who won political power across six countries and unified China still serve as a huge motivation for us to overcome obstacles on the way forward today.

A nation. If a country wants to be prosperous and powerful, it cannot do without this kind of courage!