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Tiananmen is located in the center of Beijing, the capital of the Republic of China, and at the southern end of the Forbidden City. It is separated from Tiananmen Square, the Monument to the People's Heroes, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, the Great Hall of the People, and the National Museum of China across Chang'an. Facing each other across the street, covering an area of ??4,800 square meters, it has attracted worldwide attention for its outstanding architectural art and special political status.

Tiananmen was the main entrance to the imperial city of Beijing during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was built in the 15th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1417). It was originally named "Chengtianmen", which means "carrying destiny and receiving orders from heaven". meaning. The designer was Kuai Xiang, a royal architect of the Ming Dynasty. In the eighth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1651), it was renamed Tiananmen Square.

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Development history

In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1264), the founder of the Yuan Dynasty issued an edict to make Yanjing the central capital. Change Zhongdu to Dadu. The construction of Dadu in the Yuan Dynasty began in the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1267) and was completed in the 22nd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1285), which lasted 18 years. From the inside to the outside, the capital city is divided into palace city, imperial city and big city.

In the fifteenth year of Yongle's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1417), skilled craftsmen from all over the country were recruited to begin the large-scale reconstruction of Beijing. At that time, Kuai Xiang, a native of Xiangshan, Wu County, Suzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province, was ordered to design and build the palace, and was responsible for the design and organization of the construction of Chengtian Gate.

In the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420), Chengtian Gate was built. It is a three-story wooden archway with five wooden archways with yellow tiles and cornices. Because it was built in a complete imitation of Nanjing’s Chengtian Gate, it was named Chengtian Gate. Tianmen. In the middle of the archway hangs the plaque "Gate of Chengtian".

In the eighth year of the Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1651), Fulin, the founder of the Qing Dynasty, ordered large-scale reconstruction on the ruins of the original site and renamed it "Tiananmen", which means "mandated by heaven to stabilize the country and govern the country". During the Kangxi period, it underwent two large-scale renovations.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tiananmen