What are the functions of tourism resources investigation?

Key points:

Master the basic methods and procedures of tourism resources investigation; We can use the methods, procedures and contents of tourism resources investigation to investigate the situation of regional tourism resources.

Section 1 Investigation of Tourism Resources

First, the significance of tourism resources survey

Investigation of tourism resources: refers to the activities of purposefully and systematically collecting, recording, sorting out, analyzing and summarizing the information and materials of tourism resources and their related factors by using scientific methods and means, so as to determine the stock status of tourism resources and provide objective decision-making basis for tourism managers.

① Scientific methods and means must be adopted in the investigation of tourism resources.

② The scope of tourism resources investigation includes both tourism resources themselves and related influencing factors.

③ The process of tourism resources investigation, including collecting, recording, sorting, analyzing and summarizing tourism resources information.

④ The realistic purpose of tourism resources investigation is to determine the stock situation of tourism resources in a certain area, and finally provide an objective and scientific basis for tourism management, management, planning, development and decision-making.

Second, the role of tourism resources survey

(A) describe the role

The investigation of tourism resources can help us understand the stock of tourism resources in a region and find out the family background of tourism resources.

(2) Diagnostic function

We can clearly understand the spatial, temporal, economic and cultural characteristics of tourism resources, as well as the formation environment and causes of various characteristics, the functional value of tourism resources, especially the temporal variability of tourism resources.

(3) Prediction function

It can improve the information system of tourism resources and lay a foundation for tourism prediction and decision-making.

(d) management role

We can fully grasp the present situation of tourism resources development, utilization and protection, which is conducive to promoting the management of regional tourism resources, so as to formulate practical measures for tourism resources protection.

(5) Benefit function

Understanding the economic, social and ecological benefits generated by tourism resources is itself the embodiment of the benefit function of tourism resources.

Section 2 Types and Contents of Tourism Resources Survey

First, the types of tourism resources survey

(A) Problems to be solved according to the investigation of tourism resources

1. Tourism resources survey: refers to the general survey or exploratory survey of tourism resources.

2. General survey of tourism resources: a comprehensive survey of various tourism resources and their related factors in the tourism resources development zone.

3. Detailed investigation of tourism resources: after screening the census and the census results, a certain number of high-grade and high-quality tourism resources landscapes are determined as development targets, and more detailed field investigations are carried out on these development targets.

(two) according to the different objects of tourism resources survey.

1, typical survey

2. Focus on investigation

3. Sampling survey

Second, the contents of the tourism resources survey

(A) Tourism resources and environment survey

1, natural environment investigation

(1) survey area

(2) Geological and geomorphological elements: investigate and record the distribution characteristics, development rules and activity intensity of rocks, strata, geological structures and landforms in the investigation area, and comprehensively summarize the overall geological and geomorphological characteristics of the investigation area.

(3) Water elements: investigate the types and distribution of surface water and groundwater, the laws and characteristics of seasonal water quantity changes, the water resources available for exploitation, the water disasters that have occurred and may occur and their adverse effects on tourism resources.

(4) Meteorological and climatic factors: annual rainfall and its distribution, temperature, light, humidity and its change, atmospheric composition and its pollution, climate type, characteristics and its changing law in the investigation area.

(5) Animal and plant elements: investigate the characteristics and distribution of animals and plants in the investigation area, the species and quantity of animals and plants with ornamental value, the rare animals and plants existing in a specific living environment, investigate their distribution quantity, growth characteristics and activity rules, objective conditions and protection measures for tourists to watch.

2. Investigation of human environment

(1) Historical evolution

(2) Economic environment

(3) Social and cultural environment

3. Environmental investigation of policies and regulations

Mainly understand the relevant principles and policies that affect and restrict the development and management of tourism resources in the investigation area. Including: the continuity and stability of regional economic policies, social and economic development planning, adjustment and change of foreign policies, changes in the establishment of tourism institutions, and the implementation of resource law, tourism law, environmental protection law, tourism management regulations and tourism management measures.

(B) the stock of tourism resources survey

1. type survey: according to certain classification standards, the tourism resources in the survey area are classified and merged in order to understand the tourism resources more clearly.

2. Characteristic survey (characteristic survey of all kinds of tourism resources, 155 basic type survey stipulated by the National Tourism Administration)

3. Reason investigation: When investigating all kinds of tourism resources in the investigation area, especially those with local characteristics, we should understand their formation reasons, development history, existence time limit, possible utilization value and causal relationship between nature and humanity.

4. Scale survey: The survey includes the quantity, distribution range and area of resource types, scenic spots at all levels, cultural relics protection units, nature reserves, forest parks, etc.

5. Combination structure survey: Understand the combination structure of tourism resources in the survey area, including the combination of natural landscape and human landscape, the combination within natural landscape and the combination within human landscape.

6. Investigation of development status: Tourism resources include three forms: developed state, undeveloped state and potential state. Investigation and development status includes: development status, project, type, time, season, number of tourists, tourism income, consumption level, development comparison of similar tourism resources in surrounding areas, development plan, etc.

(3) Investigation of tourism elements

1, traffic survey

Including roads, railways, waterways, air traffic conditions, tourist cars, taxis, scenic cable cars, elevated ropeways, sightseeing cruise ships and other facilities, the number and quality of stations, docks and ports, the distance between vehicles and scenic spots, driving time, road quality, transportation capacity and so on.

2. Accommodation survey

Including scale, quantity, grade, function, distribution, reception capacity, number of beds, number of rooms, room occupancy rate, operating income, fixed assets, total profit, etc. Various accommodation facilities, such as hotels, hotels, motels, boarding hotels, villas, villas, resorts, camping tents and cruise hotels.

3. Catering survey

Including the scale, quantity, grade, distribution, famous snacks, special dishes, sanitary conditions and service quality of restaurants.

4. Investigation of other service facilities

(D) Tourism market survey

1, number of tourists survey

Investigate the number, nationality, age, sex, occupation, entry mode, distribution area and ethnic category of foreigners, overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, domestic local tourists and foreign tourists. Understand the maximum and minimum daily passenger flow, monthly passenger flow, seasonal passenger flow and annual tourist volume. Understand the length of tourists' stay, the number of overnight stays, the proportion of self-funded and official travel, and the proportion of group and individual travel.

2. Tourism income survey

Investigate the consumption composition of tourists in food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment, per capita daily consumption, the highest and lowest consumption ratio, the tourism income of the day, month, season and year, the foreign exchange earning income of overseas tourists, the tourism income of domestic tourists, the proportion of tourism income in the local national economy and the social contribution rate.

3. Tourism motivation survey

The contents of the survey include the desire for healthy exercise to eliminate tension and anxiety, the cultural motivation to satisfy the desire for knowledge, the communication motivation to visit relatives and friends, the motivation to show self-esteem, gain personal achievements and make contributions to mankind, and so on.

Section III Procedures and Methods of Tourism Resources Investigation

I. Investigation procedures

(1) Investigation preparation stage

Clarify the investigation problem → determine the investigation goal → design the investigation plan → make the investigation work plan.

(II) Investigation implementation stage

1, collecting second-hand data

Second-hand materials refer to ready-made information materials such as evidence, graphics and maps produced and collected for other purposes, but they can be used for current tourism investigation projects.

2. Collect first-hand information (field survey data): including general survey, systematic survey and detailed survey.

(3) the stage of investigation, arrangement and analysis of tourism resources

1, sort data

(1) Identify, check and correct the data, review the applicability and accuracy of the data, eliminate the wrong data, and supplement and correct the data to make it complete, accurate, objective and consistent.

② Use scientific coding and classification methods to code and classify data, so as to facilitate analysis and utilization.

(3) conventional data storage methods or computer storage methods are adopted to store the data in volumes for future reference and reuse.

2. Data analysis

Materials, data and maps that have been sorted out should be able to express certain meanings, and only through the analysis and explanation of investigators can they play a role in the resource investigation project.

3. Prepare the investigation report of tourism resources.

It consists of title, table of contents, abstract, text, conclusions and suggestions, and annexes.

Second, the survey methods of tourism resources

(1) Copywriting survey method (indirect survey method) (2) Inquiry survey method (3) Observation survey method (4) Comprehensive survey method (field comprehensive survey) (5) Remote sensing survey method (6) Statistical analysis method (7) Classification and zoning method.

The tourism resources in the investigation area are classified according to their morphological characteristics, intrinsic attributes, aesthetic feeling and attraction, and compared and evaluated with the same type or different types of tourism resources areas, so as to get the types, general characteristics, unique characteristics and quality differences of tourism resources in this area, so as to make development plans and establish tourism resources information databases, and also contribute to the development and utilization of tourism resources in various parts of this area.

Three. Compilation of investigation report on tourism resources in investigation area

The types and accuracy of documents (maps) of detailed investigation and general survey of tourism resources are different. Detailed investigation of tourism resources needs to complete all documents (maps), including filling in the actual data table of the tourism resources investigation area, compiling the tourism resources map and compiling the tourism resources investigation report. Tourism resources survey needs to compile tourism resources map. According to the requirements of the national standard "Classification, Investigation and Evaluation of Tourism Resources" (GB/T 18972-2003), the basic contents of the tourism resources investigation report compiled by each investigation area are as follows:

order

Chapter I Tourism Environment in Investigation Area

Chapter II History and Present Situation of Tourism Resources Development

Chapter III Basic Types of Tourism Resources

Chapter IV Evaluation of Tourism Resources

Chapter V Suggestions on the Protection and Development of Tourism Resources

Main references

Attached map: Tourism resource map or excellent tourism resource map.