What are the specialties of Mengshan Mountain in Shandong Province?

Babao Douchi, referred to as Douchi for short, is one of Linyi's specialties, with a history of 130 years. Because it is fermented from eight raw materials: black beans, eggplant, fresh ginger, almonds, pepper, eggplant leaves, sesame oil and white wine, it is called "eight treasures". With its rich nutrition, mellow fragrance, refreshing taste and convenient eating, it has become one of Linyi's famous local foods at home and abroad.

Douchi has a long history of production. It is recorded in the Ming Dynasty's Compendium of Materia Medica: "Douchi can be used as all kinds of soybeans, and black beans can be used as medicine. There is a distinction between light soy sauce and salty soy sauce. Those who treat diseases with light soy sauce and salty soy sauce should follow the law. "

As for the origin of douchi, it is said that during Daoguang period, there was an old mother in Duozhuang, Yizhou Prefecture, Shandong Province (now Mengyin County) who was very wise. She uses black beans, eggplant and sesame oil as the main raw materials, and the pickled pickles are very delicious, so they are called douchi. Peng San, the master of sauce garden in Duozhuang, learned the skills of making lobster sauce from her. Later, the "Juezhai" sauce garden in Linyi City hired Master Peng to make lobster sauce. The' Duyizhai' sauce garden brought together the skills and recipes of famous lobster sauce makers from all over the world, and constantly studied and improved them in practice, and finally developed lobster sauce with a unique Linyi flavor.

Linyi Babao Douchi is rich in nutrients such as protein, vitamins, glutamic acid, lysine, asparagus and garlic. Has the health-care functions of warming middle warmer, invigorating spleen, invigorating qi and kidney, nourishing and moistening dryness, relaxing muscles and tendons and activating collaterals.

Since the reform and opening up, Linyi's only vegetarian sauce garden has made great achievements in all aspects. Because of the public's love, the demand exceeds the supply, and it has become one of the tight commodities today.

There are all major shopping malls in Linyi.

★ Lanling wine

Lanling wine, produced in Lanling Town, southwest of Cangshan County, has a long history and enjoys a high reputation in China. It is mentioned in Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica and some classical operas. As early as the Tang Dynasty, lanling wine was exported to Chang 'an, Jiangning, Qiantang and other famous cities. At that time, Li Bai, a famous poet, made the following eulogy in The Traveler: "The wine in Lanling is tulip, and the light of amber comes from the jade bowl. But the master is drunk and doesn't know where he is. " Lanling wine is natural amber, crystal clear, mellow and delicious, with a long aftertaste. It can be good in color, fragrance and taste.

There are 17 Pacific essential amino acids in lanling wine, 19 15 glutamic acid and alanine. Regular drinking has the effects of nourishing blood and tonifying kidney, prolonging life and strengthening body. It won a gold medal at the World Expo, making it famous at home and abroad. Premier Zhou rewarded the guests with lanling wine at the reception held during the Geneva International Conference, and spoke highly of it, which recorded a glorious page in the history of the brewing industry in Lanling Town, Cangshan County.

Lanling winery inherits the traditional brewing technology and constantly improves it. Now * * * produces more than a dozen kinds of drinks and wines, such as Lanling Fine Wine, Lanling Tequ, Lanling Daqu and Lanling Tulip, which are exported to more than ten provinces and cities in China, and some products are sold well abroad.

★ Wang Li

Wangli is a traditional folk food in Linyi. It was originally founded by 1766 Wangjia, No.5 in front of Confucius Temple in Shuyuan Street, Linyi City, with a history of more than 200 years.

Today's Wangtian Pear is made from Pingyi Tianbao Huangxiang Pear, Wenzhou Rock Sugar, Sichuan Emei Mountain Fritillaria, Angelica dahurica, Osmanthus fragrans sauce, jujube, Yimeng red bean and other raw materials, inheriting the secret recipe of ancestors and combining with modern scientific formula. Pears are golden yellow, soup is purple black, and it melts in the mouth. It is characterized by delicious fragrance, rich nutrition and unique flavor, and has the functions of resolving phlegm, dispelling fire, moistening lung and relieving cough. Wangli is not only a medicinal food, but also a flavor snack.

★ Yinan Miaodan

Yinan Miao Egg is one of Linyi native products, named after it was produced in Miaojiaqu Village, Xinji Township, yinan county. The duck eggs produced in this village are light green, fresh and tender, with ruddy yolk and sandy flesh. When the egg skin is cut open, it tastes delicious. And no mosquitoes and flies are recruited in summer. There is a saying in history that "soup crab, seedling egg, Juzhou garlic".

According to legend, during Zheng De's reign in the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Wuzong patrolled the mountain road and was full of praise after tasting Miao eggs. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty went down to Jiangnan for the first time and passed Juxian County. He made a special trip to Miaojiaqu Village to eat Miao eggs, and made an imperial edict: "Let Miao canals exist, but don't spoil them", requiring Miaojiaqu Village to pay Miao eggs 1000 to Beijing every year. Miao Dan became famous from then on.

At the 1 1 Asian Games held in Beijing from 65438 to 0990, Miao eggs became a delicacy for athletes from all over the world and were loved by Chinese and foreign people.

At present, Miaojiaqu Village produces about 200,000 Jin of Miao eggs every year, which is still in short supply.

The price is 6.50 yuan /500g, and the place of purchase is mainly in yinan county.

★ Scorpio in Mengshan

Scorpion in Yimeng is one of the precious special animal medicines. Scorpion was first used as medicine in Shu Ben Cao, with a history of 1 100 years.

Scorpion is distributed in counties in Yimeng Mountain area, and it is also called "Mengshan Scorpion" because it is mainly produced in Yiyuan and Mengyin counties. Because the climatic and environmental conditions at the northern foot of Mengshan Mountain are very suitable for the reproduction and growth of scorpions, the resources of scorpions are extremely rich, with a reserve of more than 25,500 kilograms. Scorpions in Mengshan not only have high yield, but also have big fat heads. Its obvious characteristics are 2 pincers and 8 feet (2 pincers and 8 feet in other areas), reddish in color and good in medicinal properties, and it is a superior product of real scorpions.

Scorpion mainly contains scorpion toxin, betaine, trimethylamine, taurine, lecithin and other ingredients. It's flat and sweet. It is an important medicine for treating all kinds of wind, and has the functions of calming wind, relieving spasm, expelling wind and attacking toxin.

Mengyin County Winery uses high-quality scorpions from Mengshan captured before and after "Grain Rain", supplemented by a variety of Chinese herbal medicines, to make high-quality liquor. "Mengshan brand" scorpion wine is golden and transparent in color, pure in taste and slightly sweet, and has the effects of piercing tendons and bones, eliminating dampness and expelling wind, relieving pain, dredging collaterals and detoxifying. 1988 won the Golden Crane Award in China and the Silver Award in the First Food Expo in China.

In recent years, scorpion has become a delicious food, which is crisp and mellow when used in wine.

The price of dried scorpions in Mengshan is generally 350-400 yuan /500g, which is available in stores in Linyi.

★ Yimeng tea

Yimeng tea belongs to Theaceae, evergreen shrub or small tree. Camellia in Linyi City has a long history, which is recorded in Mengyin County Records and Residency Records. Wang Yue, the minister of the Ministry of War of the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem "Mongolian Camellia Fu" during his tenure as a provincial judge in Shandong Province. In the poem, "Cut the leaves before breaking the ice, and the stone pulp is fragrant and sticky"; "If you teach Lu Yu to hold public opinion, you should be the best tea in the world" gave a high evaluation of the color, quality and fragrance of Mengshan tea. Yimeng tea has the characteristics of thick leaves, excellent meat quality, mellow taste, rich aroma and resistance to brewing. According to the determination, its main components are higher than those of southern tea. Yimeng tea is very popular abroad because of its good quality. 1983, prime minister Kim Il Sung-huai of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea proposed the introduction. 1987, North Korea also sent a tea investigation team to Yimeng tea area for field investigation.

There are shops in Linyi city.

★ Yimeng hawthorn

Hawthorn has been cultivated in Linyi for 250 years. "Pingyi County Records" has a record of "painting classics and materia medica, also known as meatballs, and the smallest is commonly known as hawthorn". Linyi is rich in hawthorn resources, mainly produced in Pingyi, Feixian and Yinan. Among them, Pingyi is a famous hawthorn producing area in Shandong. Among them, the main varieties are big cotton balls and big gold stars, which are called Yimeng hawthorn. According to the analysis of food research department, hawthorn in Yimeng mountain area is rich in nutrition, and its calcium content ranks first among all kinds of fruits; The content of vitamin C is 17 times more than that of apples, so it is called "the treasure of the north". There is a century-old hawthorn tree in Shanglongkou Village, Cuijiayu Township, Yishui County, with a height of 6.63 meters and a crown of 109 square meter. Known as "Hawthorn King".

There are shops and stalls in Linyi city.

★ Yimeng Apple

Yimeng mountain area is the suitable area of "deciduous fruit tree kingdom" in the north. High altitude, abundant sunshine, large temperature difference and good soil quality are very suitable for apple growth. Apples in Yimeng Mountain area have bright colors, high sugar content, rich fragrance, high hardness, sweet and delicious taste and are deeply loved by consumers. Among them, Xiushui, Rose Red, Jinli and Jin Shuai apples in Mengyin County; Jin Shuai, Guoguang, Fuji and Star Apple in Wentuan County, Ju 'nan County; Jinshuai county's Jin Shuai and Xin Hongxing apples were rated as high-quality apples. Yimeng apples sell well in more than 20 provinces and cities across the country, with a small amount exported. The rapid development of apple production in Linyi was praised by the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries and the Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

There are various dried fruit markets and stalls in Linyi city.

★ Tianbao Huangli

Tianbaoshan Huangli, one of the famous specialty fruits in Shandong, is mainly produced in Tianbaoshan District, Pingyi County, and has been cultivated for more than 300 years. The main characteristics are excellent comprehensive properties, high yield, storage resistance, strong stress resistance, tender meat, sweet juice and high nutritional value. Its flowers, leaves, bark and fruit can all be used as medicine, and it is known as "a good product that is delicious and easy to take, and a good medicine with high curative effect".

Tianbaoshan Huangli has six main varieties: Zimu pear, Persimmon pear, Youmian pear, Diaozi pear and Chili pear. Among them, Zimu pear is the main representative variety of Tianbaoshan yellow pear, which comes from wild variation, has prominent fruit stalk and unique and beautiful shape, and is mainly distributed in two valleys of Tianbaoshan. The mountain is high and the valley is deep, and the sunshine time is short, which is suitable for the growth habit of Zimu pear. Mother and son pears generally begin to bear fruit in three or four years, and the full fruit period can last for 60-80 years.

The price is generally in 2 yuan /500g. Linyi city has dried fruit wholesale markets and retail stalls.

★ Cangshan garlic

Cangshan garlic is also called gourd or gourd garlic. According to the Eastern Han Dynasty Cui Shi's "Dong Guan Han Ji", "Yanzhou secretariat Li Yao, planted wheat gourd garlic, paid it, and left nothing behind". So garlic settled in Shandong at that time.

Based on the field investigation in the low incidence area of gastric cancer in Shandong Province, the Institute of Shandong Medical College found that Cangshan County had the highest mortality rate of gastric cancer among the counties with a population of 65,438+10,000 north of the Yangtze River.

The reason why Cangshan garlic is superior to other places is that the soil in Cangshan garlic area contains higher organic matter and higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; Well water in garlic area is mostly alkaline, and some wells are similar to first-class fertilizer water; Cangshan garlic is fragrant, spicy, sticky, thick and tasty, and the amino acid content in 17 is higher than that in foreign garlic.

Cangshan garlic has been exported to Singapore, Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand, Hong Kong and other countries and regions for more than 20 years.

There are vegetable wholesale markets and retail stalls in Linyi city.

★ Pingyi honeysuckle

Honeysuckle, also known as honeysuckle, double flower, bauer flower, egret flower, etc. , a perennial vine shrub, is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica listed it as the top grade, and Compendium of Materia Medica praised it as "intelligent and healthy after long service, prolonging life".

Honeysuckle is born in pairs or in pairs, which is white at first, turns yellow after two or three days, and white and yellow set each other off, hence the name honeysuckle.

Which dynasty did the origin of wild honeysuckle in Pingyi county meet? There is no written record. According to the county records: "Flowers are yellow and white, but in the past, they were used instead of tea. At the beginning of Jiaqing, business travelers went to other places and made great profits. In a few years, the water in the corner of the mountain has been planted several times. " At present, honeysuckle is everywhere in 26 towns and villages in the county, 1060 villages. Even in the dead of winter, green vines can be seen everywhere and are full of vitality. In spring, honeysuckle is in bud and fragrant.

Pingyi honeysuckle not only has the characteristics of big bud, pure color and delicious taste, but also has high content of effective components. Flowers contain flavonoids, inositol, saponins, chlorogenic acid, momordicoside, Sophora flavescens and other components, and stems contain flavonoids, inositol, saponins, pure cellulose, chlorogenic acid and other components, which have the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, diminishing inflammation, expelling wind, improving eyesight, nourishing heart, lowering blood pressure, reducing weight, strengthening body, promoting digestion and stimulating appetite. Its main component chlorogenic acid has good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects in clinic. The chlorogenic acid content of Pingyi honeysuckle reached 5.87%, ranking first in China.

There are 45 million mature flower piers in Pingyi county, with an annual output of 3.5 million Jin, ranking first in the country and being known as the "hometown of honeysuckle".

Pingyi honeysuckle tea has a fragrant smell, which can clear away lung-heat, refresh oneself, prevent heatstroke and cool down, improve eyesight and increase intelligence, and can prolong life if drunk frequently. Pingyi county has developed honeysuckle beverage, honeysuckle treasure and honeysuckle series products, and processed honeysuckle into tea, flower dew, toothpaste and medicinal cigarettes, which are exported at home and abroad.

The price is generally in 45 yuan /500g, and there are shops, wholesale markets and stalls in Linyi.

★ Tancheng Ginkgo biloba

Tancheng County is known as the "hometown of Ginkgo biloba", which is a famous concentrated ginkgo producing area in China with a long history of ginkgo cultivation. Tancheng Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as Ginkgo biloba and deciduous trees, is known as a "living fossil" and is a rare tree species unique to China. Ginkgo biloba is full of treasures. Seeds are dried fruits, which are not only high-grade food, but also precious Chinese herbal medicines. It contains starch, crude protein, crude fat, sucrose, reducing sugar, nucleoprotein, crude fiber, minerals and so on. Has the effects of warming lung, invigorating qi, relieving asthma, resolving phlegm, and sterilizing. Ginkgo biloba seed coat contains ginkgolic acid, bilobanol and other components, and Ginkgo biloba leaves contain flavonoids, which are widely used in clinic.

Ginkgo tree grows slowly, and it takes 40 years for the traditional cultivation method to enter the full fruit period, so it has another name of "Gongsun Tree", which means that grandpa plants trees and grandchildren benefit.

There are more than 2800 trees over a hundred years in the county. There is an ancient ginkgo tree next to Guanzhu Temple in Xincun Township, with a height of 35 meters and a DBH of more than 2 meters. It is said that it was planted in the Tang Dynasty and has been planted for more than 1000 years. Qing Qianlong's Tancheng County Records listed it as an important specialty and a "fruit genus".

Ginkgo biloba is planted in almost every family in the ginkgo producing area, and every family has ginkgo biloba. In recent years, the county has raised 200 mu of seedlings, newly planted 6,543,800 ginkgo trees, and newly built 2,000 mu of ginkgo forest, forming a 10,000-mu ginkgo orchard, which has become a big landscape, with an annual output of millions of kilograms of ginkgo, and is exported at home and abroad.

Prices are generally in 45 yuan /500g (dry) and 28 yuan /500g (fresh). It is found in shops and stalls in Linyi and Tancheng.

▲ Xu Gongyan

Xu is an important variety of Luyin. It was famous as early as the Tang and Song Dynasties. Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan in the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Mi Fei and other celebrities in the Song Dynasty all introduced and commented on their related works, and spoke highly of them. Xugong inkstone is produced in Xugongdian Village, Luoqing Town, yinan county. It is a unique mineral resource in this town, belonging to basalt strata and rich in reserves. Its stone is hard and dense. Knocking is crisp, its sound is like bells, ink is like frustration, ink is like oil, and the color is fresh and moist, which does not hurt the hair. It is the best in inkstone.

In Linyi and Yinan's cultural relics shops.

▲ Jinxing inkstone

Jinxing inkstone is a famous historical inkstone, which is known as the light of Lu inkstone and can be compared with Duanyan. Jinxingshi is produced in the east slope of Qishan, Liu Zhuang Township, Feixian County. Linyi is the hometown of Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher and "book saint" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It is said that Wang Xizhi occasionally got this stone and couldn't put it down. He ground it into an inkstone and regarded it as a treasure, so later generations also called it the stone of Xi, and the inkstone was the inkstone of Xi.

Jinxing inkstone is polished and carved with Jinxing stone. The stone is delicate and wear-resistant, and the inkstone made of it is moist, dripping, non-freezing, silent and oily without hurting the pen. Even in the hot summer, ink is not easy to dry out, and it can move freely in the cold. Therefore, since ancient times, Jinxingshi has been called a good material for making inkstone. Yan Zhenqing (Langya, now Feixian County, Linyi), a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, regarded Jinxing inkstone produced in his hometown as the treasure of his study. Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, once praised Jinxingshi in his letter: "Graphite is like paint, and it is as smooth as jade, and Venus is everywhere. Some people are like beans, making fine ink and knocking loudly, making top-grade inkstones. "

There are cultural relics shops in Linyi, Feixian and yinan county.

▲ Black pottery, eggshell pottery

Eggshell pottery is the best of Longshan black pottery. Its wall is extremely thin, its shape is regular, its shape is bright and dark, and its shape is diverse. It is a treasure in ancient pottery.

Linyi is one of the important birthplaces of Longshan culture. During the period of 1973, hundreds of well-made black pottery with alternating light and shade were excavated from Longshan Cultural Site in Fan Zhuang, Hedong District, Linyi City, including more than 40 pieces of eggshell pottery. This proves that Linyi's black pottery production skills have reached a fairly high level during the Longshan culture period. During firing, a scraper with a sharp blade is used to scrape and trim the blank mud. When the wall is extremely thin, it is repeatedly pressed and ground with a polishing stone to obtain exquisite eggshell pottery with regular shape, bright surface, extremely thin wall, fine lines and holes. This molding technique is time-consuming and requires patience and care, and a little negligence will give up all previous efforts. Therefore, exquisite and luxurious eggshell pottery is really carved through a very difficult molding stage.

In order to better explore and inherit the antique products such as black pottery and eggshell pottery, which are precious medical culture in ancient China, and fill the gap in the development of ancient pottery in Shandong Province. The imitation product has smooth and dark surface, dense and hard fetal material, thin wall like eggshell and unique and exquisite shape. This imitation has made certain contributions to archaeological research, tourism exhibition and foreign trade export. It is available in cultural relics stores such as Boyizhai in Linyi City.

▲ Langya straw weaving

Tancheng Langya Woven Goods is a famous export handicraft in our province. Exquisite appearance, exquisite workmanship, novel style, bright and clean color like silver, light and cool, economical and practical, has been selling well in the international market. It is an important export product of Tancheng.

The reform of weaving technology of Langya straw hat is a great technological innovation. First, we walked out of the traditional knitting process and created new technologies, which not only made the products unique, but also laid the foundation for continuous innovation; Second, from a single hat type to flat top, dome, fashion hat and other styles; The third is to change a single knitting type into multiple knitting types; Fourth, the product has achieved the advantages of exquisiteness, lightness, durability and invariability. A straw hat with exquisite craftsmanship and single knitting method weighs only two scales (16) in 5 yuan, and is known as "rare in the world". In recent years, we have developed new editing methods, new products and new technologies on the basis of inheriting traditional folk crafts. From the folk single and double straw weaving method, it has developed into new technologies such as single and double straw weaving and straw rope mixing. The cloth flower, diamond flower, mat flower, window flower, eagle claw flower, ventilation eye and other patterns have been newly created. In braiding, from the past two tips, the tip replaced the grass, changed to the root and replaced the grass. A new straw hat forming process of "washing, yellow fumigation and sodium hydrosulfite treatment" was adopted, which enhanced the toughness and tension of Langya grass products and made them fresh, pure in color, light, soft and durable. It is not only people's daily necessities, but also an exquisite handicraft.

It is available in stores in Linyi City and Tancheng City.

▲ Yimeng sachet

Yimeng sachet is a popular folk handicraft with unique artistic style. It is said that it has a history of thousands of years. Yimeng sachet is a kind of sachet spread among the people in southeast Shandong, which has Yimeng local style.

Yimeng sachet sewn with scraps and threads of various fabrics is very distinctive. It is based on four traditional colors that Yimeng people like, such as red, big green, pink and black, with other colors, combined with ingenious artistic conception and exquisite embroidery technology, to form works of art with different styles and rich meanings. There are many patterns, bright colors and strong local flavor, which are deeply loved and praised. Common varieties of colors are: auspicious dragon and phoenix, precious son of lotus peanut, birthday of Five Blessingg, crossing the sea by the Eight Immortals, and being safe all the year round, symbolized by chickens, geese, cows, sheep, pigs, dogs, rabbits, melons and other animals and plants. The big purse is like a palm, and the small one is like a peanut. It often contains Cyperus rotundus, black beans, realgar, wormwood leaves, cinnabar, agarwood and so on. According to the variety of filament, it can be divided into three series: practical, auspicious (with a certain superstitious color) and ornamental.

Practical sachets, based on reasoning and attention, and citing the customs of other nationalities, should be the earliest such sachets. Although artistic, it is mainly practical. There is a kind of "needling" sachet, which is divided into two layers and can move up and down. The needle can be hidden and the thread can be released. Girls and daughters-in-law can always wear them around and sew embroidered shoes at any time, which is very convenient. There is also a "medicine bag". There are some Chinese herbal medicines in the wallet. Take them with you when you go out, in case of any injury, in case of emergency.

Auspicious sachet is an ornament that people liked in the past. In the past, it was embodied in a large number of folk sachets, which were often not difficult to see on festive days. For example, this kind of sachet is often hung on both sides of the bed curtain and the cabinet in the newly married room of men and women. The most common ones are: "the precious son of the lotus nut", "the gourd gives birth to ten thousand generations", "the dragon and the phoenix are both happy", "the unicorn sends the son" and "the lion rolls the hydrangea". This kind of sachet is usually sewn at the bride's home for several years before marriage.

Decorative sachet. Mainly ornamental, this kind of sachet has the most varieties of colors. Common ones are: "Empress Dowager Ascends to Heaven", "Jade Rabbit Mashes Medicine", "Jiang Taigong Fishing", "Zodiac" and sachets sewn by poultry, flowers and other animals and plants in rural areas. It gives people an auspicious and safe psychological comfort in viewing, and satisfies people's potential consciousness of looking forward to getting the treasure of immortality, promoting to a higher position and making a fortune, and enjoying human happiness. At the same time, we can also see that folk artists use "metonymy", "homophonic" or mythical figures to express their feelings, so as to achieve the purpose of auspiciousness and eliminate disasters and meet people's hopes and beautiful decorative effects in life.

Yimeng sachet, rooted in the thick soil of Yimeng culture, reproduces the customs of Yimeng people. Its artistic style is simple, elegant and natural, which reproduces the simple folk customs, colorful customs and rich traditional culture in Yimeng Mountain area through this small art window.

There are shops and stalls in Linyi, Pingyi, Mengyin, Feixian, Yinan and Tancheng.

▲ Yimeng paper-cut

Yimeng paper-cut is a kind of handicraft with dual value, and paper-cut is sold in large markets in various towns and villages. There are all kinds of pillow flowers, shoe flowers, hat flowers and insole flowers for couples to buy. During the Spring Festival, every household in the township not only sticks Spring Festival couplets, but also hangs rows of colorful stationery under the lintel. It flutters and flourishes in the wind, complements the Spring Festival couplets and door paintings, and forms a strong contrast with the natural environment with snow and ice and monotonous colors, adding a festive and lively atmosphere to the festive Spring Festival.

Doorways, commonly known as "door money", "door hanger" and "flower paper". With a long national tradition and strong local characteristics, it is popular in Linyi, Weifang and Zaozhuang in our province. It is shaped like a small flag, and its decoration is like a person's victory. In ancient times, the custom of expressing people's wishes by winning was first seen in the Book of Rites at the end of Han Dynasty. In the Southern Song Dynasty, "New Year's Day (that is, Spring Festival) began to be hung at the door, which is a good omen for the New Year." The "New Year's Eve Posting Money" in the early Qing Dynasty is similar to the popular doormat now.

Door numbers are mainly posted during the Spring Festival, and will also be posted at weddings in other regions. The number and size of jobs vary from place to place. Generally, a door has five cards, each of which is of the same color. Its order is "red head, two green, three yellow, four water (red) and five blue (or purple)". The structure is a rectangle similar to Huang Jinlv, which consists of three parts: the bore (central pattern), the frame (top, left and right) and the ear (commonly known as the tooth).

The cavity of the doormat can be divided into two categories: the first category, the cavity is composed of patterns such as flowers, birds, dragons, phoenixes and deer. In the second category, the secret room consists of auspicious characters set off by patterns. Such as "Vientiane (Spring) Renewal", "Celebrating (Blessing) the Spring Festival" and "Qing Ji (Blessing) is more than enough".

Because the doorpost is hung under the lintel and bears certain traction, the room, frame and ear must be closely connected into a net. Coupled with ingenious conception and natural connection, the doormat has formed an artistic style with rich line rhythm decoration characteristics.

There are markets and stalls in all counties and districts of Linyi City.

▲ Yimeng folk toys

Yimeng folk toys are mostly made of wood, paper, cloth and mud. Represented by clay toys produced in Xiaoguo Village, Cangshan County. The clay sculptures in Xiaoguo Village have a long history and a wide variety, some of which are like unearthed Tang figurines. It is these humble mud that, through the dexterous hands of folk artists, have become all kinds of birds and beasts, opera figures, auspicious peaches and cute fat dolls. Linyi's clay toys are complete and unified in appearance, exaggerated and realistic, concise and not vulgar. His kung fu is mainly in painting. Paint and daub the appearance of clay mold with white powder as the base material, then paint red, pink, green, yellow and purple pigments with glue as needed, and finally "refresh" with ink. Bright colors and lively contrast give people a warm and lively feeling, which fully embodies the characteristics of Chinese painting art. The bottom and back of clay toys mostly reveal the essence of clay sculpture, which seems casual at first glance, but it is actually quite clever. Most clay toys are equipped with reed flutes on the back or bottom, which will make a "whoop" sound when blown gently, which is very popular with children.

There are markets and stalls in all counties and districts of Linyi City.

▲ Yimeng calico

The printing process of Yimeng printed cloth can be divided into blue printing and color printing, among which blue printing is the most widely spread. Blue calico is printed with anti-dye method. Printing plates used to be engraved with oiled paper, but now they are mostly changed into plastic plates. When printing and dyeing, soybean milk, lime, egg white, etc. Mixing to form a coating, brushing on the cloth through a printing board, drying, boiling and dyeing with indigo. Indigo is extracted from bluegrass plants, with stable physical properties, elegant color and durability. Indigo dyed cloth, white flowers on a blue background, simple and elegant, full of local flavor. There are many such dyehouses, almost all over towns and villages, and there are hundreds of patterns of printing and dyeing products. The pattern composition of folk blue calico has both general pattern structure procedures and its own characteristics. Mostly composed of dots, short lines and small pieces. The most common pattern consists of seven dots, which the masses call "cat hooves". The form of folk calico is simple, lively, vigorous and rich in decorative interest, some of which are similar to the stone reliefs of Han Dynasty. The main themes of calico are plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum, peony, dragon, phoenix, birds and animals, which are obviously homophonic and imply beauty. Such as "wealth and splendor", "longevity for both", "magpies make plum blossoms" and "lotus (lotus) has been around for more than a year", which are used to symbolize auspiciousness, peace and happiness. Printed cloth has a wide range of uses, both universal use value and certain aesthetic decoration value, and it is still loved by many people.

▲ Embroidery products

The embroidery techniques of embroidery products include silk embroidery, flower picking and flower arrangement. On pillowcases, uppers, insoles, children's hats, small pockets and other clothing products, various patterns embroidered with five-color silk threads are all kinds of, imaginative and full of charm, which fully shows the skills of peasant women in tracing dragons and embroidering phoenixes. Traditional products include Yuanyang playing with water pillow top, hand-embroidered colorful wallet, tiger head hat and so on. , especially funny tiger-headed shoes, are unique. In the old society, parents always made a pair of shoes for their children on their first birthday or birthday (or entrusted), and embroidered a tiger-headed shoe on the toe, commonly known as "tiger-headed shoes". The tiger is the "king of beasts". There is a folk custom of wearing tiger-headed shoes to be brave and ward off evil spirits, and there is also a saying that children can live a long life. Tiger shoes are not only exquisite in workmanship, but also changeable in tiger head: there are red silk embroidered bibcock, green silk embroidered phoenix head, black silk embroidered cat head and lion head. Beautiful and vivid shape, although exaggerated by deformation, but very realistic, bright and not vulgar, exquisite embroidery with local flavor.

Insoles, cushions and other items are mostly embroidered with cotton thread, with patterns such as lotus, bergamot, chrysanthemum and peach blossom. This kind of insole is soft and comfortable, but it doesn't run or roll. Rural girls learn to embroider insoles when they are in their teens, and girls at the age of seventeen or eighteen are very good at it, which is often regarded as a token of love. Before joining the army, the girls embroidered a red heart and gave it to the soldiers at the front. Before marriage, a girl should embroider insoles for her future husband as a dowry to show the bride's originality in needlework.

There are markets and stalls in all counties and districts of Linyi City.