What tools and machinery should I bring with me for mountain climbing and adventure? It is about 5000 meters above sea level and the first point. Let’s talk about it all. The more detailed the bett

What tools and machinery should I bring with me for mountain climbing and adventure? It is about 5000 meters above sea level and the first point. Let’s talk about it all. The more detailed the better. There will be no shortage of reward points!

Mounting equipment must adapt to the environmental conditions of mountaineering. In terms of design, material selection, materials and production, we must try our best to make it light, strong, efficient and multi-purpose. .

With the development of mountaineering and the continuous advancement of science and technology, the quality and performance of mountaineering equipment are also constantly improving, which is very important for improving the level of mountaineering. Necessary. For example, France

The weight of a main rope used for the first time climbing can reach 20 kilograms, and other climbing equipment is also very bulky.

At that time, their climbing height was only Reaching about 4000 meters. Now the weight of a main rope is only 1.5 kilograms. The weight of other equipment has also been greatly reduced, and it is more durable. Its thermal insulation and electricity-proof properties have also been greatly improved. This ensures that mountaineers can climb mountains of various heights and difficulties. In recent years, the mountaineering community in various countries has continued to research and improve various equipment. For example, many countries are conducting research to improve the capacity of oxygen bottles and the efficiency of equipment

use. Japan adopts The so-called "loop oxygen mask" is used to replace the original respirator, increasing the oxygen used for one minute to two minutes or more. They also modified special equipment such as oxygen for two people and oxygen for rock climbing operations when climbing rocky cliffs with an altitude of more than 8,000 meters. In addition, mountaineers' clothing and camping equipment are also constantly improving. In recent years, lighter, more convenient and warmer inflatable tents and other camping equipment have appeared.

In terms of alpine food, in addition to refined high-calorie compressed foods and fresh-keeping dehydrated vegetables, some countries also use "homemade cans" specially developed for astronauts. It is both light and easy to carry and has enough heat.

Communication tools have also improved greatly in recent years. At present, small, lightweight, and good-performance walking walkie-talkies specially designed for climbing high mountains are now widely used, which better ensures the contact between mountaineers and all relevant parties. With the improvement of mountaineering equipment, people's mountaineering skills are also constantly improving, and the height and difficulty of climbing are also increasing.

Being equipped with clothing

Due to the different environments of competitive mountaineering and adventure mountaineering, their equipment requirements are also different.

Competitive mountaineering equipment

Rock underwear is the underwear worn in competitive mountaineering activities. It should be close to the body and have small cuffs and hems.

Elasticity, it is best to choose strong, wear-resistant and elastic wool products.

Rock shoes are a kind of special shoes for rock work. It is best to use strong, breathable leather for the uppers and harder rubber for the soles. The sole is thicker, which is good for friction and fixation.

Adventure mountaineering equipment

Cold-proof clothing is used to keep warm and cold during mountaineering activities. It is best to use high-quality duck down for the thermal insulation layer, and the fabric should be light,

thin and dense. , waterproof and windproof. The color of the clothing should be mainly dark and as bright as possible to facilitate heat absorption and facilitate observation and identification on and off the mountain. In addition to clothing, down socks, gloves and vests can also be made as needed.

The wind and raincoat is made of high-quality waterproof nylon material. It has good windproof and warm performance. The top comes with a hood, and the hood, cuffs, and trousers can be adjusted for tightness.

Alpine shoes are special shoes for climbing ice and snow mountains. The materials used are required to be lightweight and have good thermal insulation,

waterproofing, ventilation and other properties. Alpine shoes should also be accompanied by leggings and shoe covers to improve their warmth and waterproof protection. When walking on icy slopes, crampons should be strapped to the soles of your shoes.

Luggage: including backpacks, carriers and luggage bags, and protective glasses to block strong sunlight and reflected light from ice and snow

to prevent ultraviolet damage to the eyes. The lenses of the protective glasses are It is better to use brown lenses. In mountainous areas above 7,000 meters, mountaineers should be equipped with anti-violet and infrared anti-wind and snow glasses.

Technical Equipment

Ice Pickaxe This is an indispensable tool when passing through ice and snow slopes. In addition to using it to repair roads, it can also assist travel

and be used for protection.

Cramons Crampons are made of light hard metal and are fixed on the bottom of mountain shoes for fixation and anti-slip.

Safety belt The safety belt consists of a snare, a strap and a clip, and is tied around the waist. It is a connection device between various protective equipment and the human body.

The main rope has a length of 40-50 meters, a diameter of 9-12 mm, and a bearing capacity of more than 1,500 kilograms. It is a light and strong nylon product and should be equipped by different personnel. Different colored main ropes for easy identification during use

.

It is a necessary technical equipment for group protection, crossing rivers and building "bridges", rock climbing and various protections.

The diameter of the auxiliary rope is smaller than that of the main rope, about 6-8 mm, and its bearing capacity is about 800 kg. Its material is the same as the main rope and is used in conjunction with the main rope.

Avalanche streamers are a sign used to locate victims when encountering dangers such as avalanches. Made of silk with small specific gravity and bright colors. Each one is about 5 meters long and 0.01 meters wide. Before passing the avalanche zone

, attach this object to the athlete.

In the technical operation of the iron lock, some technical equipment needs to be connected and released alternately.

In order to avoid the cumbersome operations of tying and untying the rope, the movements are simple and To be fast, you must have the assistance of Iron Lock

. Carabiners are sometimes used instead of pulleys.

Steel cones include rock cones and ice and snow cones. During mountaineering operations in overcoming difficult rocks, ice and snow terrain

, steel cones of different lengths and types are driven into rock crevices and ice layers as a means of travel and

protection. fulcrum.

Iron hammer is generally used to drive in and remove steel cones.

Snow shovel is used for leveling campsites, building snow caves and other digging and shoveling operations.

On the basis of the above technical equipment, some efficiency-enhancing technical equipment can be equipped as needed, such as the above

Ascenders, descenders, sleds, metal ladders, small hanging ladders, and pulleys wait.

Camping equipment

Tents

Tents can be divided into two types: low mountain tents and high mountain tents. Low-mountain tents are generally made of a single layer of material.

Alpine tents should be made of double-layer materials with an air layer in the middle to increase their thermal insulation performance. Generally, each tent has about 4 cubic meters of space and can accommodate 2-4 people. If the team size is large, the tents in the base camp can be made into more practical accommodation tents, cooking tents, medical tents, etc.

The top shape of various tents is preferably curved

, which can increase their stability and practicality. Its quality requirements are waterproof, insulating and breathable, and require bright colors. The entrance and exit should be easy to open and close.

Sleeping bags

The materials are the same as down clothing, but the insulation layer is thicker. In order to be waterproof and moisture-proof, it should also be equipped with foam

plastic or air mattress.

Cooking utensils

Used to boil water for cooking. It can also be used for heating. There are two types of gasoline stoves and kerosene stoves. On mountains above 7000 meters where the air

is thin, the latter works better. Commonly used gas stoves are small and light, each weighing 270 grams and can burn for 3 hours.

Protection equipment

Protection equipment is not a special product for mountaineers. It is some spare equipment and equipment to cope with various unexpected situations and other purposes

Utensils. Such as oxygen equipment, communication equipment, photographic equipment, self-defense weapons, vehicles, observation instruments, medical rescue equipment, etc. The type and quantity of support equipment should be determined based on

the nature of the task and the size of the team.

Oxygen equipment

When climbing peaks above 7,500 meters, in order to overcome high mountain hypoxia and provide medical first aid, oxygen equipment is generally required.

Oxygen equipment consists of three parts: air tank, indicating device and mask. The gas cylinder is a container for storing oxygen

. The material used for the cylinder wall should be as light as possible and resistant to high pressure. The indicating device has two parts: a barometer and a regulator.

The former indicates the amount of oxygen stored in the cylinder, and the latter controls and indicates the flow rate when using oxygen. The mask is worn on the face, and the mouth, ratio and oxygen equipment are sealed into a system, and oxygen is absorbed through the buffer bag and leather tube.

Communication equipment

Used for communication between athletes and the base camp and between the base camp and nearby cities. For the former, it is best to use a high-performance small walkie-talkie. The latter can choose the corresponding model of radio transceiver equipment according to the distance. In the communication between the base camp and the mountain, athletes should be familiar with and master some primitive, basic and simple communication methods as much as possible, such as flag language, lantern language, and whistle. Language etc. For this reason, pay attention to the equipment such as flags, flashlights, signal lights, whistles, fireworks, etc. In some special circumstances, burning clothing can also be used as a sign of communication

contact.

Photographic equipment

In some mountaineering activities aimed at climbing to the top of peaks, photography is a means of recording and obtaining information to confirm the summit

. Therefore, photography equipment is a necessary and indispensable equipment. In addition to cameras, if conditions permit, film photography and video equipment may also be provided.

Daily equipment

Daily equipment is daily utensils and supplies.

A mountaineering activity requires athletes to be active in high mountainous areas for a long time, sometimes up to 2 months, and all kinds of supplies must be carried. Daily equipment includes daily necessities, sanitary products, simple tools, standing medicines, directional mapping equipment, entertainment supplies, paper

Stationery, sewing equipment, lighting equipment, sporting goods, etc. .

Mountain climbing is a costly sport. . . . These things are super expensive. But it's also safe. hehe.

I suggest you consider it yourself