Where are the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea?

The western Mediterranean is connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar, and the eastern part is connected to the Black Sea through the Turkish Straits (Dardanelles, Bosporus, Sea of ??Marmara). The western end communicates with the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar. The narrowest point is only 13 kilometers, and the channel is relatively shallow. The northeastern part is connected to the Black Sea by the Dardanelles-Sea of ??Marmara-Bosporus. The southeast is connected to the Red Sea through the Suez Canal, which was opened in the 19th century. The Mediterranean Sea is one of the oldest seas in the world, while the Atlantic Ocean attached to it is a young ocean.

The Mediterranean Sea is located at the junction of the Eurasian and African plates and is one of the world's strongest seismic zones. In the Mediterranean region there are Mount Vesuvius and Mount Etna.

The Red Sea is located between northeastern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, and is long and narrow. It is connected to the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal to the northwest and to the Gulf of Aden through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait to the south. It is the sea with the highest salinity and is an important oil transportation channel in the world.

Extended information:

The expansion of the Red Sea seafloor caused cracks in the earth's crust. Magma continued to rise along the cracks, the seafloor rocks were heated, and the water temperature at the bottom of the sea was high. It is the saltiest sea area in the world. No river water flows into the Red Sea, and rainfall is scarce in the desert area.

The Red Sea basin is part of the Asian-African Rift Valley and is about 2,100 kilometers long. According to the theories of seafloor spreading and plate tectonics, it is believed that the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden are the prototypes of the ocean. The bottom of the Red Sea is indeed a marine silica-magnesium rock. There are also long horizontal cracks on the axis of the seabed like mid-ocean ridges, and they are connected by rupture zones.

The African continent and the Arabian Peninsula began to separate in the Miocene 20 million years ago, and continue to expand at a rate of 1 centimeter per year. Both sides of the Red Sea are steep and steep, with many coral reefs and few natural harbors. The average depth of the entire Red Sea is 558 meters, with a maximum depth of 2,514 meters.

There are no large rivers flowing into both sides of the Red Sea. On the waterway leading to the ocean, there are stone forests and underwater rock ridges. It is difficult for the slightly lighter seawater in the ocean to enter, and it is difficult for the saltier seawater in the Red Sea to flow out. Scientists have also discovered large-scale "hot holes" deep under the sea.

A large amount of magma surged to the seafloor along the cracks in the earth's crust. The magma heated the surrounding rocks and seawater, resulting in the strange phenomenon that the water temperature of the deep seawater is higher than that of the surface layer. Steaming deep seawater rises to the surface, accelerating evaporation and increasing the concentration of salt.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Mediterranean Sea

Baidu Encyclopedia-Red Sea